The Probert Encyclopaedia of People

EDWARD THE BLACK PRINCE

Edward the Black Prince was the eldest son of Edward III. He was born in 1330 and died in 1376. He first distinguished himself at the Battle of Crecy in 1346 and in 1356 won the Battle of Poitiers and in 1360 the peace of Bretigny was made. In 1367 he went to the aid of Pedro the Cruel, king of Castile and defeated Henry of Trastamare at Najera. To recoup his expenses incurred in Spain Edward levied a hearth tax on his Gascon subjects, who appealed to the French king, Charles V. War was declared in 1369 and the English suffered disaster. He was the first duke created, in 1337 being made duke of Cornwall.
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