John Baliol was King of Scotland from 1292 to 1296. He was born in 1249 and died in 1315. On the death of Margaret, the Maiden of Norway and grandchild of Alexander III, John Baliol claimed the vacant throne by virtue of his descent from David, Earl of Huntingdon, brother to William the Lion, King of Scotland, Robert Bruce (grandfather of the king) opposed John Baliol; but Edward I's decision was in favour of John Baliol, who did homage to him for the kingdom, On November the 20th, 1292. Irritated by Edward's harsh exercise of authority, John Baliol concluded a treaty with France, then at war with England; but after the defeat at Dunbar he surrendered his crown into the hands of the English monarch. He was sent with his son to the Tower, but, by the intercession of the pope in 1297, obtained liberty to retire to his Norman estates, where he died. His son, Edward, in 1332 landed in Fife with an armed force, and having defeated a large army under the regent Mar (who was killed), got himself crowned king, but was driven out in three months. Research John Baliol
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