The Peloponnesian War raged through the Greek world on land and sea between the Spartans and their allies against Athens and her allies from 431 BC to 404 BC. The underlying cause was Athenian imperialism and the fear this produced in the chief mainland city-states, notably Corinth and Sparta. The two sides were equally balanced and the war only ended when the Persians intervened on the side of the Spartans and resulted in the dismantling of the Greek empire and the installation in Athens of a Spartan-backed puppet regime. Research Peloponnesian War
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