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The Probert Encyclopaedia of Science & Technology

VANADIUM

Vanadium is a greyish, malleable, ductile, polyvalent metallic element found combined in minerals and used especially to form alloys such as high tensile steel. It has the symbol V. Vanadium is a light grey or white metal with a melting point between 1700 and 1800 degrees Celsius. The metal was discovered by Del Rio in 1801 and occurs only in combination in a number of minerals, including vanadinite, mottramite, etc. All the minerals in which it occurs are rare, vanadinite being the commonest. Vanadium forms a number of oxides, a suboxide, monoxide, dioxide, trioxide and a pentoxide. The lower oxides are mettalic powders.
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