Dresden is a city in Germany and was the capital city of the kingdom of Saxony. Dresden is situated in a beautiful valley on both sides of the river Elbe, which is here spanned by four stone bridges and an iron railway bridge. It is first mentioned in history in 1206, and was the residence of the sovereigns since 1485. Dresden was greatly extended and embellished by Augustus the Strong (1694-1736), and rapidly increased during the 19th century. Dresden suffered severely in the Thirty Years' war, and also in 1813, when it was the head-quarters of Napoleon's army. It was occupied by the Prussians in 1866, but was evacuated in the following spring and was razed to the ground by allied bombing during the Second World War.