|
A charcutier is a pork butcher.
 Research Charcutier
Charilaos Tricoupis was a Greek statesman. He was born in 1832 at Nauplia and died in 1896. He was attached to the Greek legislation in London from 1852 until 1863 when he returned to Greece and represented Missolonghi in the Assembly and in 1865 was entrusted with the negotiations for the cession of the Ionian Islands by Great Britain to Greece. He was prime minister of Greece in 1882, from 1883 until 1885, from 1886 until 1890 and from 1892 until 1895.
Research Charilaos Tricoupis
Charlemagne (Charles the Great) was king of France. He was born in 742 and died in 814. He extended the French empire into Italy.
Research Charlemagne
Charles A Busiel was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1895 until 1897.
Research Charles A. Busiel
Charles A Culberson was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Texas from 1895 until 1899.
Research Charles A. Culberson
Charles A Smith was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of South Carolina during 1915.
Research Charles A. Smith
Charles A Sprague was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Oregon from 1939 until 1943.
Research Charles A. Sprague
Charles A Wickliffe was an American politician. He was born in 1788 and died in 1869. He represented Kentucky in the US Congress as a Democrat from 1823 to 1833. He was Postmaster-General in Tyler's Cabinet from 1841 to 1845.
Research Charles A. Wickliffe
Charles Greely Abbot was an American astrophysicist. He was born in 1872 at Wilton, New Hampshire and died in 1973. He carried out research into solar radiation, and devised an apparatus for converting solar energy into power in 1972.
Research Charles Abbot
Charles Francis Adams was an American diplomat. He was born in 1807 at Boston and died in 1886. He was a son of John Quincy Adams. His youthful years were spent in Europe, partly in England; but he finished his education at Harvard, and afterwards studied law. After serving some years in the Massachusetts legislature he was sent to congress in 1859. In 1861 he was sent to England and served as minister to Great Britain during the Lincoln administration which included the period of the American Civil War. He edited a complete edition of his grandfather's works in ten volumes with a life. He was one of the arbitrators on the Alabama claims.
Research Charles Adams
Charles Anderson was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Ohio from 1865 until 1866.
Research Charles Anderson
Charles Anthon was an American, editor of classical school-books, and of works intended to facilitate the study of Greek and Latin literature. He was born in 1797 and died in 1867. He was long a professor in Columbia College, New York.
Research Charles Anthon
Charles Robert Ashbee was an English architect and designer. He was born in 1863 and died in 1942. He was a leading advocate of the principles which inspired the Arts and Crafts Movement. As well as being the architect of some of the finest small houses of the time (good examples are in Cheyne Walk, London), Ashbee was also a designer of metalwork and jewellery, a poet, and essayist. In 1888 he founded the Guild of Handicraft, which moved from London to Chipping Campden in Gloucestershire in 1902, and in 1898 he founded the Essex House Press, one of the many private presses inspired by William Morris' Kelmscott Press. Ashbee published a pamphlet entitled 'Should We Stop Teaching Art?' in 1911 and in this he expressed a change in outlook that perhaps owed something to his meeting with Frank Lloyd Wright in 1900. He abandoned his advocacy of the artist-craftsman, and argued that the machine is the vital instrument of contemporary civilization and that it is by the correct use of the machine that the ideals of the Arts and Crafts
Movement are to be promoted.
Research Charles Ashbee
Charles Atlas was an Italian-born American bodybuilder and strong man. He was born in 1893 and died in 1972.
Research Charles Atlas
Charles Aznavour is a French singer and actor. He was born in 1924.
Research Charles Aznavour
Charles B Aycock was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of North Carolina from 1901 until 1905.
Research Charles B. Aycock
Charles Babbage was a British mathematician. He designed an analytical engine which was the forerunner of the modern computer. He was born in 1801 and died in 1871. Educated at Cambridge, he occupied the Lucasian chair of mathematics at Cambridge for eleven years, but delivered no lectures. As early as 1812 he conceived the idea of calculating numerical tables by machinery, and in 1823 he received a grant from government for the construction of such a machine. After a series of experiments lasting eight years, and an expenditure of 17,000 pounds (6000 pounds of which was sunk by himself, the balance voted by government), Babbage abandoned the undertaking in favour of a much more enlarged work, an analytical engine, worked with cards like the jacquard-loom; but the project was never completed. The incompleted machine is now in the South Kensington Museum (Science Museum). Among the many treatises he published on subjects connected with mathematics and mechanics few can be regarded as finished performances.
Research Charles Babbage
Sir Charles Barry was a British architect. He was born in 1795 at Westminster and died in 1860. Apprenticed to a surveyor and architect in Lambeth when he was 17 he exhibited his first architectural drawing at the Royal Academy. From 1816 until 1820 he travelled in Italy, Greece, Palestine and Egypt, returning to England he established a practice of architects. He was responsible for the design of the Institute of Fine Arts in Manchester, the reform Club in Pall Mall and after the old Houses of Parliament burned down in 1836, the design of the new Houses of Parliament.
Research Charles Barry
Charles Pierre Baudelaire was a French poet. He was born in 1821 and died in 1867. His first work of importance was a series of translations from Poe, ranking among the most perfect translations in any literature. A volume of poems, Les Flours du Mal (1857), established his reputation as a leader of the Romanticists, though the police thought it necessary to deodorize them. Of a higher tone were his Petits Poemes en Prose; followed in 1859 by a monograph on Theophile Gautier, in 1860 by Les Paradis Artificiels (opium and hashish studies), and in 1861 by Wagner and Taunhauser.
Research Charles Baudelaire
Sir Charles Bell was a Scottish surgeon. He was born in 1774 at Edinburgh and died in 1842. In 1799 he became a fellow of the Edinburgh College of Surgeons before removing to London in 1804, and becoming surgeon at the Middlesex Hospital in 1812, and professor of anatomy and surgery at the Royal College of Surgeons in 1824. In 1836 he returned to Edinburgh as professor of surgery at Edinburgh University. He discovered the distinct function of the nerves and in 1804 contributed his account of the nervous system to his brother John Bell's 'Anatomy of the Human Body'. He was knighted in 1831.
Research Charles Bell
Charles Herbert Best was a Canadian physiologist. He was born in 1899 and died in 1978. With Banting he discovered the use of insulin in treating diabetes.
Research Charles Best
Charles Blondin was the stage name of Jean Francois Gravelat, a French acrobat. He was born in 1824 at St Omer and died in 1897 at Ealing, London. He specialised in tight-rope walking, and in 1859 crossed Niagra Falls on a rope 160 feet above the water, repeating the stunt several more times often performing daring tricks while crossing the wire and even carrying a man upon his back while he crossed.
Research Charles Blondin
Charles Booth was an English sociologist. He was born in 1840 at Liverpool and died in 1916. He wrote a number of important studies of the poor and especially aged poor living in Britain.
Research Charles Booth
Charles Bradlaugh was an English secularist and republican. He was born in 1833 and died in 1891. He published many pamphlets advocating republicanism, one of the more famous being entitled 'Fruits of Philosophy', published in 1876. Although being elected as member for Northampton, he was continually barred from sitting because he refused to swear the oath of allegiance. Eventually in 1885 he was allowed to take his seat in a new parliament without swearing the oath.
Research Charles Bradlaugh
Charles Brandon (Duke of Suffolk) was an English nobleman. He was born in 1485 and died in 1545. A son of William-Brandon who had carried Henry VII's standard at Bosworth, Charles Brandon appeared at the court of Henry VIII and in 1513 was marshal of the army that invaded France. In 1514 he was duke of Suffolk. He angered the king by his secret marriage to Henry VIII's sister Mary, the widowed queen of France, but made up with the king and was with him at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. In 1523 Charles Brandon led an army to France, and had some part in the overthrow of Wolsey. In 1536 he was sent against the rebels in the north, and received some monastic lands.
Research Charles Brandon
Charles William Shirley Brooks was an English writer and journalist. He was born in 1816 at London and died in 1874. He wrote for Punch under the name 'Epicurus Rotundus' and in 1870 became the editor. He initiated the articles headed 'The Essence of Parliament'.
Research Charles Brooks
Charles Brockden Brown was the first American professional writer. He was born in 1771 and died in 1810. He published six successful novels, writing about topics of the times.
Research Charles Brown
Charles C Gossett was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Idaho during 1945.
Research Charles C. Gossett
Charles C Stevenson was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Nevada from 1887 until 1890.
Research Charles C. Stevenson
Charles C Stockley was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Delaware from 1883 until 1887.
Research Charles C. Stockley
Charles C Stratton was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of New Jersey from 1845 until 1848.
Research Charles C. Stratton
Charles C Van Zandt was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Rhode Island from 1877 until 1880.
Research Charles C. Van Zandt
Charles Carroll was the last surviving signer of the American Declaration of Independence. He was born in 1737 at Carrollton and died in 1832. Educated by Jesuits in France. He returned to Maryland in 1765. In 1775 he was one of the council of safety. On the 4th of July 1776, he was appointed deputy to Congress, and on August the 2nd, signed the Declaration.
Research Charles Carroll
Charles Stuart Calverley was an English poet. He was born in 1831 at Martley, Worcestershire with the surname Blayds and died in 1884.
Research Charles Caverley
Charles Chauncy was an American educator. He was born in 1592 and died in 1672. He fled to New England in 1638; was settled as minister at Scituate, Massachusetts, in 1641 and was president of Harvard College from 1654 until his death.
Research Charles Chauncy
Charles Chubb was an English locksmith. He died in 1845. He established a lock-making business in London for the manufacture of detector locks, patented by his brother Jeremy Chubb in 1818. His son, John Chubb made various improvements on the patent.
Research Charles Chubb
Charles Clark was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Mississippi from 1863 until 1865.
Research Charles Clark
Charles Carleton Coffin was an American journalist. He was born in 1823 at Massachusetts and died in 1896.Under the name of 'Carleton' he was war correspondent of the Boston Journal during the whole of the American Civil War and the Prusso-Austrian War of 1866.
Research Charles Coffin
Charles Allston Collins was an English painter. He was born in 1828 and died in 1873. He married Kate Dickens, the youngest daughter of Charles Dickens, in 1860.
Research Charles Collins
Charles Conder was an English painter best known for his designs for fans. He was born in 1868 and died in 1909.
Research Charles Conder
Charles Cornwallis (Lord Cornwallis) was a British soldier and the first marquess of Cornwallis. He was born in 1737 and died in 1805. He served in the Seven Years' War. He took his seat in Parliament and favoured the Americans during the preliminary troubles. Having been made lieutenant-general he was sent to America in 1776, fought in the Battle of Long Island, and pursued George Washington's army through New Jersey. He was defeated at the Battle of Princeton, decided the victory of Brandywine in 1777, and served at Germantown and Monmouth. Having been appointed to the command of the Southern army he overwhelmed Gates at Camden in 1780, but in his contest with Greene he was worsted, although he won a technical victory at Guilford Court House in 1781. Then followed his campaign in Virginia against Lafayette, the siege of his army in Yorktown, and its surrender to the Franco-American troops on October the 17th 1781. As Governor-General of India, from 1786 until 1793 and in 1805, he rendered valuable military and administrative services. He was also lord-lieutenant of Ireland, from 1798 until 1801, at the epoch of the Union.
Research Charles Cornwallis
Charles Coulomb was a French physicist. He was born in 1736 and died in 1806. He served as a military engineer for France in the West Indies, but retired to Blois, France, at the time of the French Revolution to continue research in magnetism, friction, and electricity. In 1777 he invented the torsion balance for measuring the force of magnetic and electrical attraction. With this invention, Coulomb was able to formulate the principle, now known as Coulomb's law, governing the interaction between electric charges. In 1779 Coulomb published the treatise 'Théorie des machines simples' (Theory of Simple Machines), an analysis of friction in machinery. After the war ended Coulomb came out of retirement and assisted the new government in devising a metric system of weights and measures. The unit of electrical charge, the coulomb, is named after him.
Research Charles Coulomb
Charles Frederick Crisp was an English-born American lawyer. He was born in 1845 at Sheffield, Yorkshire and died in 1896. He served in the Confederate army from 1861 until 1864 and in 1866 was admitted to the bar. In 1872 he became Solicitor-General of Georgia, a post he held until 1882. From 1877 until 1882 he served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Georgia before resigning and accepting a nomination to Congress of which he was chosen speaker in 1891 and again in 1893.
Research Charles Crisp
Charles D Kimball was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Rhode Island from 1901 until 1903.
Research Charles D. Kimball
Charles A Dana was an American newspaper man. He was born in 1819. From 1848 until 1862 he was the managing editor of the New York Tribune edited by Horace Greeley. He was appointed Assistant Secretary of War in 1863, and from 1867 to 1868 organized and became editor of the New York Sun.
Research Charles Dana
Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist. He was born in Shrewsbury in 1809 and died in 1882. He published his theory of evolution in a book entitled the origin of species in 1859.
Research Charles Darwin
Charles Davis was an American sailor. He was born in 1807 and died in 1877. He was the founder of the American Nautical Almanac, and was connected with the US navy from 1823 to 1867. In 1862 he was chief of the board of navigation, and commanded the Mississippi flotilla, and was superintendent of the naval observatory from 1865 to 1867 and from 1870 to 1877.
Research Charles Davis
Charles Gates Dawes was an American financier and politician. He was born in 1865 and died in 1951. He was vice president of the USA from 1925 to 1929 and won the Nobel peace prize in 1925. He headed the international committee which devised the 'Dawes Plan' for payments of reparations by Germany following the Great War.
Research Charles Dawes
Charles Dawson was a British solicitor, amateur scientist and fraud. He was born in 1864 and died in 1916. A lawyer and later scientist at the Natural History museum in London he 'discovered' the Piltdown Man fossils between 1910 and 1912, but in reality produced the entire fake.
Research Charles Dawson
Charles De Gaulle was a French soldier and statesman. He was born in 1890 and died in 1969. During the Second World War he was leader of the Free French Forces. In 1944 he led the liberation forces that entered Paris, and defeating the Communists who had stayed in France and fought the Nazis, became head of the provisional government.
Research Charles De Gaulle
Charles de Langlade was a Canadian soldier. He was born in 1729 and died in 1800. He led the Ottawas in the defeat of General Braddock in 1755. He aided Montcalm during the siege of Quebec, and was active in the battle on the Plains of Abraham. In 1777 he led a band of Indians in aid of the English under Burgoyne. From 1780 to 1800 he was commander-in-chief of the Canadian militia.
Research Charles de Langlade
Charles Louis de Secondat (Baron de Montesquieu) was a French philosopher, writer and lawyer. He was born in 1689 at Gascony and died in 1755.
Research Charles de Secondat
Charles Maurice De Talleyrand-Perigord was a French statesman. He was born in 1754 and died in 1838. A son of the Comte de Talleyrand-Perigord, and accident in childhood rendered him lame and precluded his entry into military service with the result that the family title passed to a younger brother and he joined the church. In 1789 he was made bishop of Autun. He sided with the Revolution and acquired a position of distinction in the National Assembly, and took a leading part in attacking the privileges of the church, relinquishing his orders in 1791. In 1792 he went to England on an unofficial political mission, the French monarchy not having as yet been formally ended. While there he was denounced by extremists in the Revolution, and he stayed in England until the fall of Robespierre. In 1797 he became foreign minister of the Directory, and barring a short retirement held the post until 1807 when he retired with the title of prince of Benevento.
He was minister of foreign affairs in France when Pinckney, Marshall and Gerry were sent from the United States on a special mission in 1797. He demanded (i) a disavowal of President Adams' hostile expressions toward France; (2) a loan, and (3) douceurs, which the American envoys refused to concede. The unofficial French negotiators, Hottinguer, Bellamy and Hauteval, were designated as X, Y and Z in the reports sent to the United States. These X, Y, Z papers aroused great indignation against France. Later, Charles Maurice De Talleyrand-Perigord made overtures for more favourable negotiations. He had visited the United States in 1794. He was still Minister at the time of the Louisiana cession of 1803.
Charles De Talleyrand-Perigord subsequently differed with Napoleon and took a lead in the faction which worked against the emperor and on his deposition in 1814 was rewarded with the post of foreign minister to Louis XVIII. He finally retired in 1834.
Research Charles De Talleyrand-Perigord
Charles Deane was an American historian. He was born in 1813 at Maine and died in 1889. He was the author of many historical writings and owner of a very valuable library on early New England history.
Research Charles Deane
Charles Devens was an American soldier and jurist. He was born in 1820 and died in 1891. An eminent lawyer in Massachusetts at the time of the outbreak of the American Civil War, entered the army as a major and, after a brilliant military service, became a brevet major-general. From 1873 until 1877, and again from 1881 until his death, he was a Judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. From 1877 to 1881 he was Attorney-General in the Cabinet of President Hayes.
Research Charles Devens
Charles Dickens was a 19th century English novelist whose powerful imagery brought to public attention the terrible conditions endured by the poor. He was born in 1812 and died in 1870. He suffered a hard childhood, being sent to work in a factory at the age of twelve and his father being convicted to a debtor's prison. He later worked as a journalist reporting on court cases, which led to the inspiration for his novel 'Bleak House' which satirises the courts of the day. Other novels including 'Oliver Twist' highlighted the plight of the poor and led to reforms.
Research Charles Dickens
Charles Montagu Doughty was an English writer and explorer. He was born in 1843 and died in 1926. His most important travels were to Arabia, venturing from Damascus to Jeddah with Bedouins and pilgrims.
Research Charles Doughty
Sir Charles Lock Eastlake was an English painter and writer. He was born in 1793 at Plymouth and died in 1865. He was taught drawing by Sam Prout and history painting by Benjamin Haydon, later attending the schools of the Royal Academy. In 1827 he was elected ARA and in 1829 RA and in 1842 librarian to the Academy. From 1843 until 1847 he was keeper of the National Gallery and in 1850 was chosen president of the Academy and knighted. In 1855 he was appointed director of the National Gallery.
Research Charles Eastlake
Charles Edison was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of New Jersey from 1941 until 1944.
Research Charles Edison
Charles Ellet was an American civil engineer who designed the first wire- cable suspension bridge in the USA, in 1842. He was born in 1810 at Pennsylvania and died in 1862. He also designed the world's first long-span wire-cable suspension bridge, crossing the Ohio River at Wheeling, West Virginia. He began his career as a surveyor and assistant engineer on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in 1828. In 1831 and 1832 he was in Europe, enrolled at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris and studied the various engineering works taking place in France, Germany, and Britain. For his first wire-cable suspension bridge, over the Schuylkill River at Fairmount, Pennsylvania, Ellet introduced a technique he had learned in France of binding small wires together to make the cables. The central span of the suspension bridge over the Ohio River was at 308 meters the longest ever built when it was completed in 1849. The bridge failed under wind forces in 1854; however, Ellet's towers remained standing and the bridge was rebuilt.
Following the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, Ellet produced a steam-powered ship for the Union forces to ram the Confederates on the Mississippi River and in June 1862, led a fleet of nine of these rams in the Battle of Memphis. The Union side was victorious, but in the course of the fighting Ellet was fatally wounded.
Research Charles Ellet
Charles Evans Hughes was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New York from 1907 until 1910.
Research Charles Evans Hughes
Charles F Hurley was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Massachusetts from 1937 until 1939.
Research Charles F. Hurley
Charles J Faulkner was an American politician. He was born in 1806 and died in 1884. He was the author of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, was a US Congressman from Virginia from 1851 until 1859, Minister to France from 1859 until 1861, when he was recalled as disloyal. He was a US Representative from 1875 to 1877.
Research Charles Faulkner
Charles J Folger was an American jurist and politician. He was born in 1818 and died in 1884. He was chairman of the Judiciary Committee of the New York Senate from 1861 to 1869, and was appointed by President Grant assistant treasurer in New York City from 1869 to 1870. He was made Associate Judge of the State Court of Appeals in 1871, Chief Justice in 1880, and Secretary of the Treasury in Arthur's Cabinet from 1881 to 1884. In 1882, as Republican candidate for Governor of New York, he received a remarkable defeat at the hands of Cleveland.
Research Charles Folger
Charles Foster was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Ohio from 1880 until 1884.
Research Charles Foster
Charles Fourier was a French socialist writer. He was born in 1772 and died in 1837.
Research Charles Fourier
Charles James Fox was an English statesman. He was born in 1749 and died in 1806. He was sent to Eton, and subsequently removed to Hertford College, Oxford. His father procured him a seat in the borough of Midhurst in 1768, before he was of legal age, and in 1770 he was appointed one of the lords of the admiralty, which he resigned in 1772, and was appointed a commissioner of the treasury. After being a supporter of the administration for six years, a quarrel with Lord North threw Fox into the ranks of the Whig opposition, where along with Burke and others, he steadily assailed the government, especially on the score of their American policy. In 1780 he was elected member for Westminster, and on the defeat of the administration of Lord North, and the accession of that of the Marquis of Rockingham, he obtained the office of secretary of state for foreign affairs in 1782. The death of the Marquis of Rockingham divided the party and when the Earl of Shelburne became prime minister, Fox retired. He subsequently led a strong opposition to the Pitt government and supported the efforts of Wilberforce against the slave trade.
Research Charles Fox
Sir Charles Henry Frankland was the collector of the port of Boston from 1741 to 1757. He was born in 1716 and died in 1768. He is noted on account of his romantic connection with Agnes Surriage, a maid at a Massachusetts tavern, who afterward became Lady Frankland. He was a man of great wealth, and lived in a state of luxury unusual in colonial times.
Research Charles Frankland
Charles Goldsborough was an American politician. He was a Federalist governor of Maryland during 1819.
Research Charles Goldsborough
Charles Goodyear was an American inventor. He was born in 1800 at Connecticut and died in 1860. By persistent experiment he discovered the vulcanising process by which he rendered India-rubber useful.
Research Charles Goodyear
Charles Francois Gounod was a French composer. He was born in 1818 at Paris and died in 1893.
Research Charles Gounod
Charles Grey was a British soldier. He was born in 1729 and died in 1807. A major-general, he accompanied Howe from England in 1775, surprised and defeated General Wayne's force near the Schuylkill on September the 20th, 1777, had a command at Germantown and Tappan, and destroyed the shipping and stores at New Bedford in 1778.
Research Charles Grey
Charles Griffin was an American soldier. He was born in 1836 and died in 1867. He fought at Bull Run, had commands at Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg and Gettysburg, took a prominent part in Grant's Peninsular campaign, and was made major-general in the US army in 1865.
Research Charles Griffin
Charles H Bell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1881 until 1883.
Research Charles H. Bell
Charles H Dietrich was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Nebraska during 1901.
Research Charles H. Dietrich
Charles H Hardin was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Missouri from 1875 until 1877.
Research Charles H. Hardin
Charles H Martin was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Oregon from 1935 until 1939.
Research Charles H. Martin
Charles H Russell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Nevada from 1951 until 1959.
Research Charles H. Russell
Charles H Sawyer was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1887 until 1889.
Research Charles H. Sawyer
Charles H Sheldon was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of South Dakota from 1893 until 1897.
Research Charles H. Sheldon
Charles F Hall was an American explorer. He was born in 1821 and died in 1871. He made Arctic expeditions fitted out by Henry Grinnell in 1860 and 1864, and commanded a US Government expedition to the polar region in 1871, making many valuable scientific observations.
Research Charles Hall
Sir Charles Halle was a German-born British pianist and conductor. He was born in 1819 at Hagen, Westphalia and died in 1895. The son of a musician he studied music in Germany and France before settling in Paris in 1836 where he instituted concerts of chamber music. In 1848 he went to Britain where in Manchester in 1893 he founded the Royal College of Music, of which he was the first principal. In 1888 he was knighted after being nationalised as a British citizen.
Research Charles Halle
Charles Henderson was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Alabama from 1915 until 1919.
Research Charles Henderson
Charles Hillman Brough was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Arkansas from 1917 until 1921.
Research Charles Hillman Brough
Charles Hodge was an American theologist. He was born in 1797 and died in 1878. He was professor of theology at Princeton from 1822 to 1878, founded the Princeton Review which he edited until it was combined with the Presbyterian Quarterly in 1871. He was author of a 'Systematic Theology', and of great influence upon Presbyterian theological thought.
Research Charles Hodge
Charles Fenno Hoffman was an American poet and lyricist. He was born in 1806 at New York and died in 1884. He worked on the editorial side at the Knickerbocker Magazine, the American Monthly Magazine and the Literary World. He was an author of poems and popular songs, and wrote 'The Administration of Jacob Leisler' and 'The Pioneers of New York'.
Research Charles Hoffman
Charles I was King of England from 1625 to 1649. He was born in 1600 and died in 1649. Charles I was a shy, aloof man who lacked the qualities necessary to make him a successful ruler. Parliament refused to grant him taxes for his wars against France and Spain and he raised money by other means such as forced loans. His third Parliament criticised his management of the wars and condemned his illegal taxation, whereupon he dissolved Parliament and for the next eleven years governed without it. In 1640 Charles was forced to call Parliament to pay for his war against the Scots on whom he was trying to impose an Anglican prayer book. Parliament overturned many of Charles's policies but had no wish to overthrow the King. However, Charles's attempt to arrest five leading members of the House of Commons, and a Roman Catholic rebellion in Ireland helped to push the King and Parliament apart and in 1642 civil war broke out.
By 1647 the King's army had been defeated. Attempts were made to reach a settlement but after Charles's escape and a renewal of the war, the leaders of the Parliamentary army determined that the King should be put on trial. In January 1649 he was tried for waging war on his people, condemned to death and executed at Whitehall in London.
Research Charles I
Charles II was King of England from 1660 to 1685. Despite the bitterness left from the Civil Wars and Charles I's execution, there were few detailed negotiations over the conditions of Charles II's restoration to the throne. Under the Declaration of Breda of May 1660, Charles had promised pardons, arrears of Army pay, confirmation of land purchases during the Interregnum and 'liberty of tender consciences' in religious matters, but several issues remained unresolved. However, the Militia Act of 1661 vested control of the armed forces in the Crown, and Parliament agreed to an annual revenue of 1, 200,000 pounds. The bishops were restored to their seats in the House of Lords, and the Triennial Act of 1641 was repealed - there was no mechanism for enforcing the King's obligation to call Parliament at least once every three years.
Under the 1660 Act of Indemnity and Oblivion, only the lands of the Crown and the Church were automatically resumed; the lands of Royalists and other dissenters which had been confiscated and/or sold on were left for private negotiation or litigation.
The early years of Charles's reign saw an appalling plague which hit the country in 1665 with 70, 000 dying in London alone, and the Great Fire of London in 1666 which destroyed St Paul's amongst other buildings. Another misfortune included the second Dutch war of 1665 (born of English and Dutch commercial and colonial rivalry). Although the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam was overrun and renamed New York before the war started, by 1666 France and Denmark had allied with the Dutch. The war was dogged by poor administration culminating in a Dutch attack on the Thames in 1667; a peace was negotiated later in the year.
In 1667, Charles dismissed his Lord Chancellor, Clarendon - an adviser from Charles's days of exile. As a scapegoat for the difficult religious settlement and the Dutch war, Clarendon had failed to build a 'Court interest' in the Commons. He was succeeded by a series of ministerial combinations, the first of which was that of Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington and Lauderdale. Such combinations (except for Danby's dominance of Parliament from 1673 to 1679) were largely kept in balance by Charles for the rest of his reign. Charles's foreign policy was a wavering balance of alliances with France and the Dutch in turn. In 1670, Charles signed the secret treaty of Dover under which Charles would declare himself a Catholic and England would side with France against the Dutch - in return Charles would receive subsidies from the King of France (thus enabling Charles some limited room for manoeuvre with Parliament, but leaving the possibility of public disclosure of the treaty by Louis). Practical considerations prevented such a public conversion, but Charles issued a Declaration of Indulgence, using his prerogative powers to suspend the penal laws against Catholics and Nonconformists.
In the face of an Anglican Parliament's opposition, Charles was eventually forced to withdraw the Declaration in 1673. In 1677 Charles married his niece Mary to William of Orange partly to restore the balance after his brother's second marriage to the Catholic Mary of Modena and to re-establish his own Protestant credentials. This assumed a greater importance as it became clear that Charles's marriage to Catherine of Braganza would produce no legitimate heirs (although Charles had a number of mistresses and illegitimate children) , and his Roman Catholic brother James's position as heir apparent raised the prospect of a Catholic king. Throughout Charles's reign, religious toleration dominated the political scene. The 1662 Act of Uniformity had imposed the use of the Book of Common Prayer, and insisted that clergy subscribe to Anglican doctrine (some 1, 000 clergy lost their livings). Anti-Catholicism was widespread; the Test Act of 1673 excluded Roman Catholics from both Houses of Parliament. Parliament's reaction to the Popish Plot of 1678 (an allegation by Titus Oates that Jesuit priests were conspiring to murder the King, and involving the Queen and the Lord Treasurer, Danby) was to impeach Danby and present a Bill to exclude James (Charles's younger brother and a Roman Catholic convert) from the succession.
In 1680/81 Charles dissolved three Parliaments which had all tried to introduce Exclusion Bills on the basis that 'we are not like to have a good end'. Charles sponsored the founding of the Royal Society in 1660 to promote scientific research. Charles also encouraged a rebuilding programme, particularly in the last years of his reign, which included extensive rebuilding at Windsor Castle, a huge but uncompleted new palace at Winchester and the Greenwich Observatory. Charles was a patron of Christopher Wren in the design and rebuilding of St Paul's Cathedral, Chelsea Hospital and other London buildings. Charles II died in 1685, becoming a Roman Catholic on his deathbed.
Research Charles II
Charles J Ingersoll was an American politician. He was born in 1782 and died in 1862. He represented Pennsylvania in the US Congress as a Democrat from 1813 to 1815 and from 1841 to 1847. He was District Attorney from 1815 to 1829. He wrote a history of the War of 1812.
Research Charles Ingersoll
Charles IV was King of Spain. He was born in 1748 and died in 1819. He succeeded to the throne in 1788 abdicating in 1808 in favour of Napoleon.
Research Charles IV
Charles Ives was an American composer. He was born in 1874 and died in 1954. He composed Concord Sonata, 4 symphonies.
Research Charles Ives
Charles IX was king of France. He was born in 1550 and died in 1574. He was a son of Henry II and Catherine de Medici. He succeeded to the throne at the age of ten following the death of his brother Francis II, his mother becoming regent and consolidating her power during his reign.
Research Charles IX
Charles J Bell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Vermont from 1904 until 1906.
Research Charles J. Bell
Charles J Jenkins was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Georgia from 1865 until 1868.
Research Charles J. Jenkins
Charles J McDonald was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Georgia from 1839 until 1843.
Research Charles J. McDonald
Charles Jackson was an American politician. He was a Liberation party governor of Rhode Island from 1845 until 1846.
Research Charles Jackson
Charles K Williams was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of Vermont from 1850 until 1852.
Research Charles K. Williams
Charles King was a police constable working for Scotland Yard in C Division (St James', London) when in 1855 he was convicted for larceny and receiving - the first Metropolitan policeman convicted of serious criminal corruption. King organised and trained gangs of young boys as pick-pockets, showed them likely targets and kept watch while they stole for him. After conviction King was deported for 14 years.
Research Charles King
Charles Kingsley was an English writer. He was born in 1819 at Holme and died in 1875. He wrote Westward Ho! and The Water Babies.
Research Charles Kingsley
Charles L Terry Jr was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Delaware from 1965 until 1969.
Research Charles L. Terry, Jr
Charles Lamb was an English poet. He was born in 1775 at London and died in 1834. He wrote essays under the name of Elia.
Research Charles Lamb
Charles Marie Rene Leconte de Lisle was a French poet. He was born in 1818 and died in 1894.
Research Charles Leconte de Lisle
Charles Lee was an English soldier. He was born in 1731 and died in 1782. He served in the army at Braddock's defeat and through the French and Indian War. Some years of miscellaneous experiences in the Portuguese service and on the Polish staff, interspersed with pamphleteering, left him a lieutenant-colonel on half-pay. Removing to America in 1773 he contrived to pose as a great military light, and was in 1775 appointed the second in rank of the major-generals. He was at the siege of Boston, commenced the fortifications of New York, and received the credit of the victory at Charleston in 1776. In the autumn campaign of that year he disregarded George Washington's orders to leave Northcastle, and was soon afterward captured at Baskingridge in New Jersey. He had intrigued against George Washington, and it has believed that while in captivity he negotiated with the Howes. He was exchanged in time to receive command of the van at Monmouth where he behaved ignominiously. After the battle he was suspended for disobedience, misbehaviour and disrespect, and was eventually dismissed from the army.
Research Charles Lee
Sir Charles Lyell was a British geologist. He was born in 1797 at Kinnordy and died in 1875. Educated at Midhurst, Sussex and at Exeter College, Oxford he afterwards entered Lincoln's Inn on being called to the bar. He had an interest in science, and devoted himself to the study of geology, specialising in marine remains of the Tertiary period, travelling widely in Europe studying. Sir Charles Lyell was twice president of the Geological Society and president of the British Association. He was knighted in 1848 and made a baronet in 1864. After he died he was buried at Westminster Abbey.
Research Charles Lyell
Charles Lynch was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Mississippi during 1833.
Research Charles Lynch
Charles M Croswell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Michigan from 1877 until 1880.
Research Charles M. Croswell
Charles M Dale was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1945 until 1949.
Research Charles M. Dale
Charles M Floyd was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1907 until 1909.
Research Charles M. Floyd
Charles M Smith was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Vermont from 1935 until 1937.
Research Charles M. Smith
Charles Macintosh was a Scottish chemist. He was born in 1766 and died in 1843. While trying to utilise the coal-naptha given off in distilling tar, he discovered a process of dissolving India-rubber and waterproofing cloth. He patented the invention in 1823, and the Mackintosh was created.
Research Charles Macintosh
Charles Mackay was a Scottish journalist and song writer. He was born in 1814 at Perth and died in 1889. From 1844 to 1847 he edited the 'Glasgow Argus' and in 1852 the 'London Illustrated News'. During the American Civil War he was war correspondent for the Times, but he achieved contemporary fame as a song writer.
Research Charles Mackay
Charles Manly was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of North Carolina from 1849 until 1851.
Research Charles Manly
Charles Manson was an American pseudo-occultist and murderer. He was born in 1934 and sentenced to death in 1971, though he was still in prison in 2001. He was the leader of a Californian commune of hippies calling themselves 'Satan's Slaves', which became known following their murder of Sharon Tate and others as 'Manson's Family'.
Research Charles Manson
Charles Mason was an English surveyor. He was born in 1730 and died in 1787. He was commissioned together with Jeremiah Dixon from 1763 to 1767 to survey the boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland, USA, famous as marking the boundary between the free and the slave States.
Research Charles Mason
Charles Mathews was an English comedian. He was born in 1776 at London and died in 1835. He appeared at the Haymarket, London in 1803 and thereafter constantly performed in London and elsewhere. In 1808 he began his ' At Homes' act which included recitals, songs, imitations and ventriloquism which proved popular in England and America.
Research Charles Mathews
Charles G Memminger was an American politician. He was born in 1803 at Germany and died in 1888. He moved from Germany to South Carolina and was subsequently Secretary of the Treasury in the government of the Confederate States.
Research Charles Memminger
Charles Middleton (Lord Barham) was a British sailor. He was born in 1726 at Leith and died in 1813. After entering the navy, he was promoted to lieutenant in 1745 and was controller of the navy from 1778 until 1790. He was made an admiral in 1795 and in 1805 was made the first Baron of Barham and appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, a post he held for just a year but while in office was responsible for some of the prompt measures taken against the French before the Battle of Trafalgar.
Research Charles Middleton
Charles N Haskell was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Oklahoma from 1907 until 1911.
Research Charles N. Haskell
Charles N Herreid was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of South Dakota from 1901 until 1905.
Research Charles N. Herreid
Charles Negre was a French photographer. He was born in 1820 and died in 1880. Originally a painter, he turned to photography after learning the waxed paper process from Gustave Le Gray in 1851. He began by producing everyday street scenes as studies for his paintings but soon embarked on a series of documentary projects which included studies of Chartres Cathedral, Provence, and the Imperial Asylum at Vincennes.
Research Charles Negre
Charles O'Conor was an American jurist. He was born in 1804 at New York and died in 1884. He was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty. He sympathized with the Confederates during the American Civil War. He was nominated for President of the United States by the Labor Reform branch of the Democratic party in 1872. He was counsel for Jefferson Davis when he was indicted for treason. He was largely the means of destroying the 'Tweed Ring', and was noted as a lawyer.
Research Charles O'Conor
Charles Nicolas Oudinot was a French soldier. He was born in 1767 at Bar-le-Duc and died in 1847. He joined the army in 1784 but soon retired. Upon the outbreak of the French revolution he rejoined the army, becoming a general in 1794. He was Duke of Reggio and became Marshal of France in 1809.
Research Charles Oudinot
Charles Paine was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of Vermont from 1841 until 1843.
Research Charles Paine
Charles Stewart Parnell was an Irish nationalist politician. He was born in 1846 at Avondale and died in 1891.
Research Charles Parnell
Charles Wilson Peale was an American painter. He was born in 1741 and died in 1827. He studied in London with the American-born historical painter Benjamin West in 1767 and settled permanently in Philadelphia in 1776. Peale painted notable portraits of many military leaders, including fourteen of George Washington. He was also an enthusiastic naturalist and in 1786 established a museum of specimens in Independence Hall, Philadelphia. In 1805 he helped found Philadelphia's Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. One of Peale's best-known works is his life-size trompe l'oeil portrait of two of his sons.
Research Charles Peale
Charles Sanders Peirce was an American philosopher and physicist. He was born in 1839 at Cambridge, Massachusetts and died in 1914. He was educated at Harvard University. In 1861 Peirce was appointed to the US Coast Survey. Between 1864 and 1884 he lectured intermittently on logic and philosophy at Johns Hopkins and Harvard universities, and in 1877 he became the first American representative to the International Geodetic Congress. In 1861 Peirce began a series of experiments with pendulums that contributed greatly to the determination of the density and shape of the earth, and also an investigation of the measurement of light waves. In 1867 he turned his attention to the system of logic created by the British logician and mathematician George Boole, and he worked on extending and transforming Boolean algebra until 1885. Peirce is perhaps best known for his philosophical system, later called pragmatism.
Research Charles Peirce
Charles Perrault was a French writer. He was born in 1628 at Paris and died in 1703.
Research Charles Perrault
Charles Pettit was an American politician. He was born in 1736 and died in 1806. He was secretary of New Jersey from 1772 to 1778. He was assistant quartermaster-general of the Continental army from 1778 to 1783. He represented Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1787.
Research Charles Pettit
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney was an American politician. He was born in 1746 at Charleston, South Carolina and died in 1825. Educated in England at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, he studied law at the Middle Temple and afterwards practised in his home town. After serving in the American War of Independence with the ramk of major he took part in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and was responsible for the clause abolishing religious tests as a qualification for office. A strong federalist, he was a supporter of slavery, a governor of South Carolina from 1789 until 1792 and twice an unsuccessful candidate for president.
Charles Pinckney was an American politician. He was born in 1758 and died in 1824. A cousin of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, he was a member of the South Carolina Legislature from 1779 to 1780. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress from 1777 to 1778 and from 1784 to 1787. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, and drafted one of the constitutions proposed. He was Governor of South Carolina from 1789 to 1792 and from 1796 to 1798, a US Senator from 1797 to 1801, Minister to Spain from. 1803 to 1805, Governor from 1806 to 1808. He was a Democratic US Congressman from 1819 to 1821.
Research Charles Pinckney
Charles Poletti was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of New York during 1942.
Research Charles Poletti
Charles Polk was an American politician. He was a Federalist governor of Delaware from 1827 until 1830.
Research Charles Polk
Charles T C Pollen was a German-born American linguist. He was born in 1796 and died in 1840. Born in Germany, he went to America in 1824, and from 1825 to 1834 was professor of German at Harvard College. He was an ardent anti-slavery advocate.
Research Charles Pollen
Charles R Mabey was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Utah from 1921 until 1925.
Research Charles R. Mabey
Charles R Miller was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Delaware from 1913 until 1917.
Research Charles R. Miller
Charles Reade was a British novelist and dramatist. He was born in 1814 at Ipsden and died in 1884. Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, he became a fellow of that society and a barrister, but soon turned to literature. He began with writing plays, the first being put upon the stage in 1851. He wrote the 1861 novel 'The Cloister and the Hearth' which made his reputation.
Research Charles Reade
Charles Richardson was an English writer. He was born in 1775 and died in 1865. He was trained as a barrister, but devoted himself to literature. In 1815 he published Illustrations of English Philology. In 1818 he undertook the lexicographical articles in the Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, and afterwards published his great work, A New Dictionary of the English Language. He also wrote a work on the Study of Languages in 1854, and contributed frequently to the Gentleman's and other magazines.
Research Charles Richardson
Charles Ridgely was an American politician. He was a Federalist governor of Maryland from 1816 until 1819.
Research Charles Ridgely
Charles Robinson was an American politician. He was born in born in 1818 and died in 1894. He had a prominent part in the early struggles of the Forty-niners in California. In 1856 he was elected Governor of Kansas by the Free-State party under the Topeka Constitution, and again under the Wyandotte Constitution in 1859.
Research Charles Robinson
Charles S Deneen was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Illinois from 1905 until 1913.
Research Charles S. Deneen
Charles S Morehead was an American politician. He was a Know-Nothing governor of Kentucky from 1855 until 1859.
Research Charles S. Morehead
Charles S Olden was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Jersey from 1860 until 1863.
Research Charles S. Olden
Charles S Robb was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Virginia from 1982 until 1986.
Research Charles S. Robb
Charles S Thomas was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Colorado from 1899 until 1901.
Research Charles S. Thomas
Charles S Whitman was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New York from 1915 until 1918.
Research Charles S. Whitman
Charles Augustin Saint-Beuve was a French critic and guide to the Romantic movement. He was born in 1804 at Boulogne and died in 1869. He started a new school of criticism based upon the study of history and of all sources of information bearing on his subject.
Research Charles Saint-Beuve
Charles Scott was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of Kentucky from 1808 until 1812.
Research Charles Scott
Charles Piazzi Smyth was a British astronomer. He was born in 1819 at Naples and died in 1900. Educated at Bedford Grammar School, he became assistant at the Royal Observatory at the Cape of Good Hope in 1835. While at the Royal Observatory he observed the great comets of 1836 and 1843, and in 1845 was appointed astronomer royal for Scotland. He carried out a number of important researches into spectroscopy and introduced the use of the rain band into meteorology.
Research Charles Smyth
Charles Sprague was an American poet. He was born in 1791 and died in 1875. He was cashier of the Globe Bank, in Boston, from 1824 to 1865 but achieved distinction for his poems. He wrote a 'Shakespeare Ode', 'The Brothers' and 'The Family Meeting'.
Research Charles Sprague
Charles Haddon Spurgeon was a British preacher. He was born in 1834 at Kelvedon, Essex and died in 1892. The son of an independent minister he worked for a time as a schoolmaster at Newmarket. Having joined the Baptist denomination, in 1852 he became minister of a Baptist chapel at Waterbeach, where he proved popular and was invited to a church at Southwark. There his preaching attracted large crowds and eventually the Metropolitant Tabernacle was built for him in 1861. There he continued to preach until his death.
Research Charles Spurgeon
Charles Stanhope (3rd Earl Stanhope) was an English politician and scientist. He was born in 1753 at London and died in 1816. Educated at Eton and Geneva, he showed a taste for science at an early age and made numerous experiments regarding the application of steam to ships, invented a printing press - known as the Stanhope press, invented a microscopic lens and constructed calculating machines. Politically he was revolutionary, opposed the slave trade, opposed the war against France - which earned for him the nickname 'Citizen Stanhope - and was a supporter of education and electoral and fiscal reforms.
Research Charles Stanhope
Charles Butt Stanton was a Welsh politician. He was born in 1873 at Aberaman. A miner and docker, he was appointed a miners' agent and came to prominence as a labour leader in the Rhondda strikes and riots. On the outbreak of the Great War he prominently advocated Britain's cause and in 1915 was elected MP for Merthyr Tydfil.
Research Charles Stanton
Charles P Stone was an American soldier. He was born in 1824 and died in 1887. He served with honour during the Mexican War. He led a brigade in General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign in 1861. While commanding the corps of observation in the Army of the Potomac from 1861 to 1862, he was defeated at Ball's Bluff. He served at Port Hudson in 1863, and was chief of staff to General Banks from 1863 to 1864.
Research Charles Stone
Charles Sumner was an American statesman and anti-slavery campaigner. He was born in 1811 at Boston and died in 1874. Educated at Harvard, he was called to the Bar in 1834 and elected to the Senate in 1851. On returning from an extended Buropean tour, from 1837 to 1840, he became profoundly interested in the anti-slavery question, and devoted the next few years of his life to the abolition of slavery and was an impressive speaker on the subject.
In 1846, Charles Sumner, who had been a moderate Whig, helped organize the Free-Soil party in 1848, and was defeated for Congress the same year. In 1851, after a prolonged struggle of three months in the Massachusetts Legislature, he was elected US Senator by a coalition of Democrats and Free-Soilers. He speedily became the chief advocate in the Senate of the anti-slavery sentiment. His speech, 'Freedom National, Slavery Sectional', gave the signal of his course. That on the 'Crime against Kansas', in May, 1856, provoked a personal assault from a Southern Representative, Preston Brooks. Sumner was severely injured, and did not resume his seat until 1859.
He was meanwhile re-elected Senator as a Republican, and re-elected twice, serving until his death. In 1861 he became chairman of the Committee of Foreign Affairs and was one of the chief friends and advisers of President Abraham Lincoln. He opposed Johnson, but supported the Alaska purchase. In 1871 he strongly opposed the San Domingo Treaty, broke with President Grant and the Republican Senators, and was removed from his chairmanship. He supported Greeley in 1872, and gave his closing efforts to the furtherance of the civil rights of coloured citizens.
Research Charles Sumner
Charles T O'Ferrall was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Virginia from 1894 until 1898.
Research Charles T. O'Ferrall
Sir Charles Tennant was a Scottish merchant. He was born in 1823 at Glasgow and died in 1906. Educated at Glasgow in 1846 he joined his father in the chemical works at St Rollox that had been founded by his grandfather, Charles Tennant. From 1878 until 1886 he was a member of Parliament representing Glasgow and Peebles and Selkirk, and in 1885 was made a baronet.
Research Charles Tennant
Charles Tennyson-Turner was an English poet. He was born in 1808 at Somersby, Lincolnshire and died in 1879. An older brother of Alfred Tennyson, he was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge and became vicar of Grasby, Lincolnshire. He assumed the name Turner upon succeeding to the estate of an uncle.
Research Charles Tennyson-Turner
Charles Abbott Tenterden (Baron Tenterden) was an English lawyer. He was born in 1762 at Canterbury and died in 1832. Educated at King's School, Canterbury and Corpus Christi, Oxford, he entered the Middle Temple in 1787 and practised at the bar before being called from the Inner Temple in 1796. He gained a reputation as an authority on marine and mercantile law and was appointed a judge in 1816 and lord chief justice in 1818. He was made a peer in 1827.
Research Charles Tenterden
Charles Thomas was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of Delaware from 1823 until 1824.
Research Charles Thomas
Charles Edward Poulett Thomson (Baron Sydenham) was an English statesman. He was born in 1799 at Wimbledon and died in 1841 following a riding accident. He entered parliament in 1862 as member for Dover, and became vice-president of the board of trade in 1830. In the Reform Parliament of 1832 he was member for Manchester, and in 1834 became president of the board of trade. In 1839 he was appointed governor general of Canada, and was largely instrumental in effecting the union of the provinces as a sequel to the Durham report, and introduced a central government and constitution. In 1840 he was made a baron.
Charles Thomson was an Irish-born American insurgent. He was born in 1729 and died in 1824. He went to America from Ireland in 1746. His influence during the American Revolution was such that he was called 'the Sam Adams of Philadelphia, the life of the cause of liberty'. He was Secretary of the Continental Congress during its entire history, from 1774 to 1789. He made careful records of the proceedings and took valuable notes.
Research Charles Thomson
Charles Thone was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Nebraska from 1979 until 1983.
Research Charles Thone
Charles Towneley was an English collector of classical antiquities. He was born in 1737 near Burnley and died in 1805. In 1765, he visited Rome and became an enthusiastic collector of marbles. By way of excavations in Rome he built up an unrivalled collection of marbles which was housed in London after 1772 and purchased by the British Museum on his death, for 28,000 pounds.
Research Charles Towneley
Charles Townshend (2nd Viscount Townshend nicknamed Turnip Townshend on account of his love of agriculture) was a British politician. He was born in 1674 and died in 1738. The eldest son of Horatio, Viscount Townshend, he became viscount in 1687. Educated at Eton and King's College Cambridge, he soon became prominent in the House of Lords as a Whig. After some diplomatic experience in the Netherlands, he was chosen in 1714 as a secretary of state, and became one of the leading ministers of George I. In 1716 he left office, but returned in 1720 as president of the council. He was a secretary of state from 1721 until 1730, his brother-in-law, Walpole, being his chief colleague.
Charles Townshend was an English statesan. He was born in 1725 and died in 1767. He was made Commissioner of Trade and Plantations in 1749, and made a careful study of the American colonies. In 1763 he was made First Lord of Trade and Plantations. He ardently supported Grenville's Stamp Act in 1765 and was in favour of imposing upon the colonies heavy burdens. He advocated the annulling of the colonial charters and the establishment of a uniform system of Government. In 1766 he became Chancellor of the Exchequer. He secured the passage of an act in 1767 which levied burdensome duties on such articles as tea, paper and glass.
Research Charles Townshend
Sir Charles Tupper was a Canadian statesman. He was born in 1821 at Amherst, Nova Scotia and died in 1915. Educated at Amherst and in Edinburgh he became a doctor, but soon turned to politics and in 1855 entered the legislature of Nova Scotia, becoming Secretary of the province from 1857 until 1859 and prime minister from 1864 until 1867.
Research Charles Tupper
Charles Turner was am English engraver. He was born in 1773 at Woodstock and died in 1857. After studying at the RA schools in London he practised aquatint, stipple and mezzotint engraving, achieving most success with his mezzotint engravings and was elected ARA | 
Abbreviations
People
