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D G Fowle was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of North Carolina from 1889 until 1891.
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D L Russell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of North Carolina from 1897 until 1901.
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D L Swain was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of North Carolina from 1832 until 1835.
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D Russell Brown was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Rhode Island from 1892 until 1895.
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D S Reid was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of North Carolina from 1851 until 1854.
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D W Davis was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Idaho from 1919 until 1923.
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The Dacoits were Burmese guerrillas who fled to the hills and jungle after the overthrow of Burma in 1886, and waged a desultory campaign against the British for several years.
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The Daimios were a class of feudal Lords in Japan. In 1871 they were deprived of their privileges and jurisdiction and made official governors for the state in districts they had previously held as feudal rulers.
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Daines Barrington was an English lawyer, antiquarian, and naturalist. He was born in 1727 and died in 1800. He wrote many papers for the Royal Society and the Society of Antiquaries; published some separate works, and was a correspondent of White of Selborne, who addressed to him a number of the letters in The Natural History of Selborne.
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Dakait is a Hindustani word for a robber.
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Dale L Bumpers was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Arkansas from 1971 until 1975.
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Damocles was a sycophant of the court of Dionysius. He continually flattered the monarch, calling him the happiest man in the world. In order to show him the cares of a sovereign, Dionysius caused him to sit upon a throne at a feast of unparalleled splendour. Damocles gazed in delight on the scene until, looking up he saw a sword hanging point-downwards directly over his head, suspended by only a hair. This symbol convinced him of the dangers of kingship.
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Dan Curtis is an American film producer and director. He was born in 1928. He specialises in horror themes for television.
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Dan E Garvey was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Arizona from 1948 until 1951.
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Dan Moody was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Texas from 1927 until 1931.
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Daniel McLaren Rice was an American circus clown, circus owner and Union patriot. He was born in 1823 and died in 1900.
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Dan Rowan was an American comedian. He was born in 1922 and died in 1987. With Dick Martin he formed the comedy duo 'Rowan and Martin'.
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Dan Thornton was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Colorado from 1951 until 1955.
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Danebrog were an order of Danish knights instituted in 1219, and revived in 1693.
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Daniel Francois Esprit Auber was a French operatic composer. He was born in 1782, at Caen, in Normandy and died in 1871. He was originally intended for a mercantile career, but devoted himself to music, studying under Cherubini. His first great success was his opera La Bergere Chatelaine, produced in 1820. In 1822 he had associated himself with Scribe as librettist, and other operas now followed in quick succession. Chief among them were Masaniello or La Muette de Portici (1828), Fra Diavolo (1830), Lestocq (1834), L'Ambassadrice (1836), Le Domino Noir (1837), Les Diamants de la Couronne (1841), Marco Spada (1853), La Fiancee du Roi de Garbe (1864). Despite his success in Masaniello, his peculiar field was comic opera, in which his charming melodies, bearing strongly the stamp of the French national character, his uniform grace and piquancy, won him a high place.
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Daniel Boone was an American pioneer and explorer. He was born in 1735 in Pennsylvania and died in 1820. He emigrated to North Carolina in 1752 and proceeded to the area that is now Kentucky in 1769 - thus becoming the pioneer in the settlement of that State - where he was captured by Indians whilst on a hunt. He escaped and reached home in 1771.
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Daniel D T Farnsworth was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of West Virginia during 1869.
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Daniel D Tompkins was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of New York from 1807 until 1817.
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Daniel Defoe was an English novelist and political writer. He was born in 1660 and died in 1731. He is perhaps most famous for writing the novel 'Robinson Crusoe'. He was imprisoned for writing the work, 'the shortest way with dissenters'.
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Daniel S Dickinson was an American politician. He was born in 1800 and died in 1866. He was lieutenant-Governor of New York from 1842 until 1844, and Senator from New York from 1844 until 1851. He was noted as an orator, and was a 'War Democrat'.
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Daniel G Du Lhut was a French fur-trader and explorer. He died in 1709. He was engaged as fur-trader and explorer on the North American frontier, and was of so much service to the French colonists in aiding them against Indian attacks that the city of Duluth was named after him.
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Daniel Dunklin was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Missouri from 1832 until 1836.
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Daniel F Davis was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Maine from 1880 until 1881.
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Daniel H Chamberlain was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of South Carolina from 1874 until 1876.
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Daniel H Hastings was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Pennsylvania from 1895 until 1899.
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Daniel Haines was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of New Jersey from 1843 until 1845.
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Daniel H Hill was an American soldier. He was born in 1821 at South Carolina and died in 1889. He graduated from West Point in 1842. He was brevetted major for gallant service at Chapultepec during the Mexican War. He enlisted in the Confederate service in 1861, gained a victory at Big Bethel, and was promoted major-general in 1862. He gained distinction,in the Seven Days battles about Richmond and at Boonesboro and Fredericksburg. He commanded in North Carolina and at Richmond and Petersburg. He was engaged at Chickamauga, and surrendered in 1865.
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Daniel J Evans was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Washington from 1965 until 1977.
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Daniel K Moore was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of North Carolina from 1965 until 1969.
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Daniel Maclise was an Irish painter. He was born in 1806 at Cork and died in 1870. His first notable picture was a water-colour drawing in 1829 entitled 'Malvolio Affecting the Count'. In 1835 he was elected ARA with full honours following in 1840. From 1830 to 1836 he worked under the pseudonym Alfred Croquis, producing character portraits for 'Fraser's Magazine'.
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Daniel Manning was an American politician. He was born in 1831 at New York and died in 1887. He was chairman of New York's Democratic State Committee from 1881 to 1884, was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Cleveland in 1885, and served as such until 1887.
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Daniel Martin was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Maryland during 1831.
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Daniel Mendoza (nicknamed 'Light of Israel')was an English boxer. He was born in 1764 and died in 1836. He won the English prize-ring championship in 1795. He is remarkable for being the first boxer to realise the value of publicity, and of being the first to concentrate on defence, introducing side-stepping and quick movements of the feet to avoid his opponents blows. He was also the first boxer to give exhibitions before audiences which included women and members of the royal family. In 1791 he opened the Lyceum in the Strand as a boxing school.
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Daniel Morgan was an American soldier. He was born about 1736 in New Jersey and died in 1802. The son of Welsh parentage, he fought from the battle of the Monongahela through the French and Indian War, and Pontiac's War, and settled as a farmer in Virginia. In the American War of Independence he led a company of Virginian riflemen to George Washington's army before Boston. Joining Arnold's romantic expedition to Canada, he showed great valour in the assault on Quebec, where he was captured. Released, he won distinction under George Washington in 1777, and was sent with his rifle corps to reinforce Gates. In the two battles of Stillwater Daniel Morgan played a leading part. He resigned in 1779, but rejoined the army in 1780 as brigadier-general. At the opening of 1781 he gained at Cowpens one of the most brilliant victories of the war. Thereupon he conducted a famous retreat over the Catawba, and effected a junction with Greene, General Daniel Morgan was a Congressman from Virginia in 1797.
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Daniel Neal was an English historian. He was born in 1678 at London and died in 1743. From 1706 until his death he ministered to an Independent congregation in Aldersgate Street, London. His ' History of New England' published in 1720 was followed by the 'History of The Puritans' published in 1738.
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Daniel T Patterson was an American sailor. He was born in 1786 and died in 1839. He commanded the naval forces at New-Orleans in 1814, co-operating with General Jackson. He commanded the flotilla that destroyed the stronghold of Jean Lafitte at Barataria.
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Daniel Rodney was an American politician. He was a Federalist governor of Delaware from 1814 until 1817.
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Daniel Rogers was an American politician. He was a Federalist governor of Delaware from 1797 until 1799.
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Daniel Shays was an American insurgent. He was born in 1747 and died in 1825. He served as an ensign at the battle of Bunker Hill and attained the rank of captain during the American War of Independence. In 1786 he was the chief leader of the insurrection known as Shays' Rebellion. After the rebellion he lived for a year in Vermont. He received a pardon from Governor Bowdoin of Massachusetts and settled in New York in 1788.
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Daniel Edgar Sickles was an American soldier. He was born in 1823 and died after 1897. He was prior to the American Civil War a lawyer, Democratic member of the New York Legislature, Secretary of Legation at London, and Congressman from 1857 to 1861. He had command of a brigade in the Peninsula campaign and at Antietam, a division at Fredericksburg, and a corps at Chancellorsville and at Gettysburg, where his services were conspicuous. After the American Civil War he was sent abroad on a mission, and retired from the army with the rank of major-general in 1869. From 1869 to 1873 he was US Minister to Spain. In 1893 he re-entered the House of Representatives as a Democrat from New York City.
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Daniel Stern (real name Marie Catherine Sophie de Flavigny) was a German writer. She was born in 1805 at Frankfort and died in1876. In 1827 she married the Comte d'Agoult by abandoned him for the composer Franz Liszt, by whom she had three daughters.
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Daniel Sturgeon was an American politician. He was born in 1789 and died in 1878. He was treasurer of Pennsylvania in 1838 and 1839. He represented Pennsylvania in the US Senate as a Democrat from 1839 to 1851, and was treasurer of the US Mint from 1853 to 1858.
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Daniel T McCarty was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Florida during 1953.
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Daniel D Tompkins was Vice-President of the United States. He was born in 1774 and died in 1825. He was educated at Columbia, and became a leading lawyer and Democratic politician in the State of New York. He was a Judge in the Supreme Court of New York, and its Governor from 1807 until 1817. While holding this office he opposed the Bank and gave an efficient support to the War of 1812. Governor Tompkins was elected Vice-president in 1816 on the ticket with Monroe, and re-elected in 1820, serving from 1817 to 1825.
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Daniel W Turner was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Iowa from 1931 until 1933.
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Daniel Walker was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Illinois from 1973 until 1977.
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Daniel Webster was an American politician and lawyer. He was born in 1782 at Salisbury, New Hampshire and died in 1852. Educated at Phillips (Exeter) Academy and at Dartmouth, where he graduated in 1801, he taught school at Fryeburg, in Maine, studied law, was called to the bar in 1805, and began the practice of law in Boscawen, New Hampshire. In 1807 he removed to Portsmouth. He was soon a leader of the bar, and from 1813 to 1817 was Congressman. In views he was then a moderate Federalist. He now settled in Boston, and in 1818 rose to the front rank of lawyers by his plea before the US Supreme Court in the famous 'Dartmouth College case', which involved the obligation of contracts and the powers of the Government.
From 1823 to 1827 he was Congressman from Massachusetts, was chairman of the Judiciary Committee, and had attracted attention by his speeches on Greece and on free trade. He had become widely known as an orator. Among his great speeches were : at Plymouth, 1820, on the bi-centennial; at the laying of the corner-stone of the Bunker Hill Monument, 1825; the eulogy on Adams and Jefferson, 1826. In 1827 Daniel Webster entered the US Senate, and ranked chief among the orators, of the giants in Congress; Clay, Calhoun, Benton, were among his contemporaries.
He favoured the protective tariff of 1828. Two years later he reached his highest point, in the debate on the Foote resolution, where his reply to Hayne won for him the title of 'Expounder of the Constitution'. Daniel Webster opposed Nullification, was often pitted against Calhoun took an active part in the Bank controversy, and was, with Clay, highest in the Whig party. He came within reach of the nomination for President.
In 1836 he received the electoral vote of Massachusetts. President Harrison chose him for Secretary of State in 1841, and he alone of the members of Tyler's Cabinet refused to resign in September, 1841. He negotiated the Ashburton Treaty with Great Britain in 1842, and resigned in 1843. In 1845 he re-entered the Senate. He spoke on the Oregon question, gave a lame support to Taylor in 1848, and in 1850 in the Compromise excitement he alienated many former friends by his famous 'seventh of March speech'. He was again Secretary of State in 1850 until 1852. He received a few votes in the Convention of 1852, refused to support Scott, and died soon after at his home in Marshfield, Massachusetts
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Daniel Webster Jones was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Arkansas from 1897 until 1901.
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The Dankalil (singular Dankali) are (were?) a number of tribes that inhabited East Africa near the Red Sea. They were generally fishermen or cattle rearers and practised Islam.
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Dante Gabriel Rossetti was an English painter and poet. He was born at London in 1828 and died in 1882.
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Daphne Du Maurier was an English novelist. She was born in 1907 and died in 1989. Several of her books have been made into successful films, including ' Rebecca' and 'Jamaica Inn'.
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Darius was the name of three Persian kings. Darius the Great reigned from 521 BC until 486 BC. He was defeated by the Greeks at Marathon.
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Darius N Couch was an American soldier. He was born in 1822 at New York and died in 1897. Educated at the US Military Academy, he served against the Seminole Indians in 1849 and 1850. During the American Civil War he served as colonel and brigadier-general, and commanded the Second Army Corps at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He was quartermaster-general of Connecticut from 1877 until 1878 and adjutant-general from 1883 until 1884.
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Darius Milhaud was a French composer. He was born in 1892 and died in 1974.
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Dashiell Hammett was an American novelist. He was born in 1894 and died in 1961. He worked as a private detective before writing such detective stories as The Maltese Falcon in 1930 and The Thin Man in 1932.
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The Daughters of Liberty were an American society of women formed in Boston in 1769-1770, who pledged themselves not to buy goods from British importers and shopkeepers, and to help on the cause of liberty.
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The Daughters of the American Revolution were an American society of the female descendants of distinguished soldiers, sailors and patriots of the American War of Independence, organized at Washington on October the 11th, 1890.
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From 1370 until 1830, Dauphin was the title of the eldest son of the King of France.
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David Allan was a Scottish painter. He was born in 1744 and died in 1796. He studied in Foulis' academy of painting and engraving in Glasgow, and for sixteen years in Italy; finally establishing himself at Edinburgh, where he succeeded Runciman as master of the Trustees' Academy. His illustrations of the Gentle Shepherd, the Cotter's Saturday Night, and other sketches of rustic life and manners in Scotland, obtained for him the name of the 'Scottish Hogarth.'
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David Thomas Ansted was an English geologist. He was born in 1814 and died in 1880. He was professor of geology at King's College, London, and assistant-secretary to the Geological Society, whose quarterly journal he edited for many years. His writings on geology were standard authorities.
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Sir David Attenborough is a British naturalist and broadcaster. He was born in 1926. He is noted for his television series 'Life on Earth', 'The Living Planet' and 'Trials of Life.
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David B Mitchell was an American politician. He was a Jeffersonian- Republican governor of Georgia from 1809 until 1813.
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Sir David Baird was a British soldier. He was born in 1757 at Edinburghshire and died in 1829. He entered the army in 1772. Having been promoted to a lieutenancy in 1778 he
sailed for India, distinguished himself as a, captain in the war against Hyder Ali, was wounded and taken prisoner, and confined in the fortress of Seringapatam for nearly four years. He and his fellow-prisoners were treated with great barbarity, and many of them died or were put to death, but at last (in 1784) all that survived were set at liberty. After his release he received, in 1787, his majority, and in 1791 joined the army under Cornwallis as lieutenant-colonel, and was appointed to the command of a brigade in the war against Tippoo. After much hard service he received a colonelcy in 1795, went in 1797 to the Cape of Good Hope as brigadier-general, and in 1798, on his appointment as major-general, returned to India. In 1799 he commanded the storming party at the assault of Seringapatam, and, in requital, was presented with the state sword of Tippoo Saib. Being appointed in 1800 to command an expedition to Egypt, he landed at Kosseir in June, 1801, crossed the desert, and, embarking on the Nile, descended to Cairo, and thence to Alexandria, which he reached a few days before it surrendered to General Hutchinson. Next -year he returned to India, but being soon after superseded by Sir Arthur Wellesley (the Duke of Wellington), he sailed for Britain, where he was knighted and made K.C.B. With the rank of lieutenant-general he commanded an expedition in 1805 to the Cape of Good Hope, and in 1806, after defeating the Dutch, he received the surrender of the colony. He commanded a division at the siege of Copenhagen, and after a short period of service in Ireland sailed with 10,000 men for Corunna, where he formed a junction with Sir John Moore. He commanded the first division of Moore's army, and in the battle of Corunna lost his left arm. By the death of Sir John Moore Sir David succeeded to the chief command, receiving for the fourth time the thanks of Parliament, and a baronetcy. In 1814 he was made a general.
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David Bennett Hill was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of New York from 1885 until 1891.
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David Brainerd was an American Presbyterian missionary. He was born in 1718 at Haddam and died in 1747. He was employed by the Honourable Society in Scotland for Propagating Christian Knowledge from 1742 to 1747 and ordained a Presbyterian minister in 1744. He was a missionary to the Seneca and Delaware American Indians from 1744 to 1747 and gained posthumous fame through the publication of his diary by Jonathan Edward.
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David Brearley was an American patriot and a signatory of the American Constitution. He was born in 1745 and died in 1790. He was an ardent patriot during the pre-Revolutionary movements. He served in the Continental army from 1775 until 1779. he was Chief Justice of New Jersey from 1779 until 1789 when he became a US District Judge. While a member of the Federal Convention of 1787 he zealously opposed the unequal representation of States.
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David John John Bryant MBE is an English champion lawn bowls player. He was born in 1931. He won the 1966 world singles championship, the 1970 Commonwealth Games singles and fours and the 1970 Commonwealth Games singles and many other British titles. His technical skill was derived from his experimental approach based on the premise that accepted styles are not beyond improvement.
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David Butler was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Nebraska from 1867 until 1871.
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David C Treen was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Louisiana from 1980 until 1984.
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David Campbell was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Virginia from 1837 until 1840.
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David Cox was an English landscape painter. He was born in 1783 at Birmingham, and died in 1859. He travelled for two years with Macready as a scene painter and after 1801 settled at Dulwich near London and supported himself by teaching drawing. He joined the Society of Painters in Water Colours in 1813 and was drawing master at Hereford from 1814 to 1826. In 1841 he moved to Harborne, near Birmingham where he remained until his death.
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David Crockett (Davy Crockett) was a famous American frontiersman. He was born in 1786 and died in 1836. He was with General Jackson in the Creek War, was a member of Congress from 1837 to 1831 and from 1833 to 1835. He was one of the six survivors at Fort Alamo who were massacred by Santa Anna.
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David Davis was an American jurist. He was born in 1815 and died in 1886. Educated at Kenyon College in Ohio, he settled to the practice of law at Bloomington, Illinois. He was a member of the Illinois Legislature, a State judge, and an intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1860. President Lincoln appointed him an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, where he remained from 1862 to 1877, being in the latter year a member of the Electoral Commission. His reform tendencies had, meanwhile, made him the candidate for President, in 1872, of the Labor Reform party, and brought him some votes at the Liberal Republican Convention in the same year. From 1877 until 1883 he was US Senator from Illinois, and at one time president of the Senate. While in that body he was classed as an Independent, though he acted frequently with the Democrats.
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David Dixon Porter was an American sailor. He was born in 1813 and died in 1891. The son of David Porter he accompanied his father in his voyages, and became a midshipman in 1829. He had served in the Mexican War, and had commanded California mail steamers, when the American Civil War called out his powers. With the control of the mortar fleet in April, 1862, he bombarded Fort Jackson and Fort St Philip, aiding David Farragut in the great feat of taking New Orleans. He was continuously active in the operations near Vicksburg that year, commanded the Mississippi squadron, and captured Arkansas Post in January, 1863.
Promoted to be rear-admiral Porter, in May, 1863, took Grand Gulf near Vicksburg and co-operated with Grant in the reduction of that stronghold. The following year he aided Banks in the Red River expedition. Transferred the same year to the North Atlantic squadron Admiral Porter commanded the powerful naval contingents in the two assaults on Fort Fisher in December, 1864, and January, 1865; in the latter, Porter and General Terry succeeded in reducing this last of the important sea fortresses left to the Confederates. He was promoted to be vice-admiral in 1866 and admiral in 1870. Until 1869 he was superintendent of the naval academy. Besides writing a life of his father and other naval works Admiral Porter was also a successful novelist.
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David Emanuel was an American politician. He was a Jeffersonian-Republican governor of Georgia during 1801.
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David Montagu Erskine (Baron Erskine) was a British statesman. He was born in 1776 and died in 1855. He was British Minister to the United States from 1806 until 1809. In 1809 he officially announced that atonement would be made for the Chesapeake outrage, and that the British orders in council would be withdrawn, provided the American embargo and non-intercourse acts ceased as to Great Britain. In consequence of this, President Madison proclaimed that, on June the 10th, 1809, all interdicts against Great Britain would cease. The British Ministry repudiated the Erskine arrangements and declared them unauthorized. President Madison was, therefore, compelled to restore the suspension of intercourse on August the 9th.
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David F Cargo was an American politician, now retired. He was a Republican governor of New Mexico from 1967 until 1971.
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David Glasgow Farragut was an American sailor. He was born in 1801 and died in 1870. He entered the US navy at the age of nine. In the War of 1812, while a mere boy, he was intrusted with important missions; but in the long period of peace he found little opportunity for distinction. A Southerner by birth, he threw in his lot with the Union, and toward the end of the first year's fighting in the war he was assigned to important command. He had charge of the flotilla in the approach to New Orleans in April, 1862; his fame was founded on the passage of the river past the forts on April the 24th, which caused the fall of the city and its delivery into the hands of the Federals under Butler. On June the 28th he ran the batteries of Vicksburg, and the following year, having meanwhile received the rank of rear-admiral, he contributed to the fall of Port Hudson and the final opening of the river. The greatest event in David Farragut's life, and one of the greatest naval battles of the time, was the Battle of Mobile Bay on August the 5th, 1864. David Farragut's oversight of the contest while lashed to the mast of his flag-ship, the Hartford became one of the most familiar episodes of the war. The American office of vice-admiral was specially created for him in December, 1864, and that of admiral in 1866.
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David Forbes was a British geologist, metallurgist and consulting engineer. He was born in 1828 at Douglas on the Isle of Man and died in 1876.
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Dr David Guthrie Freeman (D.G. Freeman) is an American badminton and tennis player. He was born in 1920. He played badminton as a member of the American Thomas Cup team in 1948, establishing himself as the greatest singles player of the era. After he turned 18 he never lost a match.
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David G Burnet was an American politician. He was born in 1789 and died in 1870. He was active in securing the independence of Texas, and was chosen provisional president of the republic in 1836, afterwards serving as vice-president.
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Sir David Gill was a Scottish astronomer. He was born in 1843 at Aberdeen and died in 1914. He organised expeditions to observe two transits of Venus and in 1885 completed a systematic survey of the southern heavens and by 1898 had published a catalogue of 450,000 stars.
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David H Goodell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1889 until 1891.
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David H Jerome was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Michigan from 1881 until 1882.
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David H Pryor was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Arkansas from 1975 until 1979.
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David Hall was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of Delaware from 1802 until 1805.
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David Hartley was an English philosopher. He was born in 1705 near Halifax and died in 1757. He practised as a physician. In 1749 he published his work 'Observations on Man' which explained mental phenomena of the mind as proceeding from molecular nervous vibrations.
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David Hazzard was an American politician. He was a American governor of Delaware from 1830 until 1833.
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David Henshaw was an American politician. He was born in 1791 and died in 1852. He was a Massachusetts Senator in 1826 and a Representative in 1839. He was appointed Secretary of the Navy in 1843 by President John Tyler but was shortly afterwards rejected by the Senate and was sacked in 1844.
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David Holmes was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of Mississippi from 1817 until 1820.
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David Edward Hughes was an English born American inventor. He was born in 1831 at London and died in 1900. He emigrated to the USA in 1850 and became a professor of music and subsequently of natural philosophy at Bardstown College, Kentucky. In 1855 he patented his type-printing telegraph which was widely adopted across the USA and Europe. In 1878 he invented the microphone and in 1879 the induction balance.
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David Hume was a British philosopher. He was born in 1711 at Edinburgh and died in 1776.
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David Hunter was an American soldier. He was born in 1802 and died in 1886. He commanded the main column of McDowell's army in the Manassas campaign in 1861 and commanded a division at Bull Run. He succeeded General Fremont in command of the Western Department. He commanded the Department of Kansas from 1861 to 1862, when he was transferred to the Southern Department. He organized the first regiment of coloured troops. In 1864 he commanded the Department of West Virginia. He was president of the commission which tried the assassins of President Abraham Lincoln. He was brevetted major-general in 1865 and retired from service in 1866.
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David I was King of Scotland from 1124 to 1153.
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David I Walsh was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Massachusetts from 1914 until 1916.
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David II was King of Scotland from 1329 to 1371.
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David Johnson was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of South Carolina from 1846 until 1848.
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David Kalakaua was king of Hawaii. He was born in 1836 and died in 1891. He was made king of Hawaii in 1874 and established his government with the aid of American and English ships. He died in San Francisco while negotiating a treaty of reciprocity with the United States.
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David Kimchi was a French grammarian. He was born in 1160 and died in 1235. His published grammar and lexicon formed the basis for all subsequent work.
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David L Boren was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Oklahoma from 1975 until 1979.
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David L Lawrence was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Pennsylvania from 1959 until 1963.
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David L Morrill was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of New Hampshire from 1824 until 1827.
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David Herbert Lawrence (DH Lawrence) was an English poet and novelist. He was born in 1885 at Nottinghamshire and died in 1930.
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David Leslie was a Scottish soldier. He was born in 1601 and died in 1682. A younger son of Sir Patrick Leslie, a Fifeshire land-holder, he sought his fortune in the service of Gustavus Adolphus. He became a colonel in the Swedish army, and then returned home in 1640 upon hearing that war between Charles I and his enemies was imminent. He was made major-general in the army commanded by Alexander Leslie, that was raised to assist the English parliamentarians, and had much to do with the victory at Marston Moor. Upon being recalled to Scotland he defeated the Marquess of Montrose at Philliphaugh, and served in the Highlands. He stood aside from the disastrous expedition that ended at Preston, but was the real commander of the Scottish army raised to oppose Cromwell. His authority having been weakened, he was defeated at Dunbar, but continued to resist Cromwell in Scotland, and afterwards fought at Worcester. He was imprisoned until 1660, and fined. In 1661 Charles II made him a peer as Lord Newark.
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David Livingstone was a Scottish explorer. He was born in 1813 at Blantyre and died in 1873. From the age of ten he worked in a cotton factory, at the same time teaching himself Latin and studying natural history. In 1836 he attended the medical class at Anderson College, Glasgow, and lectures at Glasgow university, afterwards in 1840 receiving the diploma of the Glasgow Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, and in the same year was ordained as a missionary by the London Missionary Society and set sail for the Cape. Between 1852 and 1873 he discovered the course of the Zambezi, Victoria falls and lake Nyasa.
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David R Locke was an American patriot. He was born in 1833 and died in 1888. He was author of a series of patriotic satires known as the Nasby letters. They exerted great influence during the American Civil War in crushing the rebellion.
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David M Clough was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Minnesota from 1895 until 1899.
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David O Watkins was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of New Jersey from 1898 until 1899.
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David Anthony Llewellyn Owen is a British politician. He was born in 1938. After serving as Foreign Secretary from 1977 to 1979 in the Labour government he became increasingly dissatisfied with the Labour Party's policies, and in 1981 broke away to become a founding member (one of the 'gang of four') of the Social Democratic Party (SDP). He led the SDP from 1983 to 1987, resigning to form a breakaway SDP when the main party decided to merge with the Liberals; he eventually disbanded this party in 1990. In 1992 he was appointed the EC's chief mediator in attempts to solve the crisis in the former Yugoslavia.
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David P Buckson was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Delaware from 1960 until 1961.
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David Peter Lewis was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Alabama from 1872 until 1874.
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David Porter was an American sailor. He was born in 1780 and died in 1843. He came from a seafaring family, and fought in the wars with France and Tripoli. In 1812 he was appointed a captain, and with the Essex and captured a number of British prizes and the man-of-war HMS Alert. In 1813 he started on a cruise in the Pacific with the Essex, in the course of which he nearly destroyed the British whale-fishery in that ocean. In the harbour of Valparaiso on March the 28th, 1814, the Essex and the Phoebe fought a desperate battle, in which the former, completely disabled, was compelled to surrender. Porter fought against the West India pirates in 1824, and from 1826 to 1829 directed the Mexican navy. He was then US Consul to the Barbary States, and from 1831 until his death he was US Minister resident to Turkey.
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David R Francis was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Missouri from 1889 until 1893.
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David R Porter was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Pennsylvania from 1839 until 1845.
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David R Williams was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of South Carolina from 1814 until 1816.
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David Ramsay was an American doctor, politician, soldier and historian. He was born in 1749 and died in 1815. He was a member of the South Carolina Legislature from 1776 to 1783. He was taken prisoner at Charleston in 1780, and confined eleven months as a prisoner. He represented South Carolina in the Continental Congress from 1782 to 1786. He wrote a 'History of the American Revolution', 'Life of George Washington', 'History of South Carolina' and 'History of the United States'.
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David Rittenhouse was an American astronomer. He was born in 1732 and died in 1796. He was a member of the Pennsylvania Committee of Safety in 1776 and treasurer of Pennsylvania from 1777 to 1789. He was director of the US mint from 1792 to 1795.
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David Rizzio was an Italian musician. He was born in 1533 at Pancalieri and died in 1566. He went to Scotland as an attendant of an Italian envoy and while there attracted the attention of Mary Queen of Scots, who gave him an appointment in her court, first as a singer in the chapel, then as a valet de chambre, and finally as secretary. The promotion of a Roman Catholic foreigner aroused suspicion of a Popish plot, and Mary's husband, Lord Darnley, suspected Mary and David Rizzio of being lovers and took little persuasion from other jealous nobles that he should be murdered. On March the 9th 1566 at Holyrood, David Rizzio was dragged from Mary's presence and murdered, suffering 56 separate injuries in a frenzied attack.
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David Roberts was a Scottish landscape and architectural painter. He was born in 1796 at Stockbridge, Edinburgh and died in 1864. He became scene painter at Carlisle, Glasgow, Edinburgh and London in 1822 and exhibited a picture of Rouen Cathedral in 1826 which attracted some attention. In 1839 he was elected ARA and in 1841 RA.
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David S Walker was an American politician. He was a Conservative governor of Florida from 1865 until 1868.
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David Scott was a Scottish painter. He was born in 1806 at Edinburgh and died in 1849. In 1828 he exhibited 'The Hopes of Early Genius Dispelled by Death' and followed this with 'Fingal and the Death of Sappho'. In 1831 he published six designs in outline entitled 'Monograms of Man', and commenced a series of outline illustrations to Samuel Coleridge's 'Ancient Mariner'.
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David Sholtz was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Florida from 1933 until 1937.
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David Stone was an American politician. He was a Democratic-Republican governor of North Carolina from 1808 until 1810.
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David Friedrich Strauss was a German theologian. He was born in 1808 at Ludwigsburg and died in 1874. Educated at Tubingen and Berlin under Baur and Schleiermacher, he became a teacher at Maulbronn and later at Tubingen. In 1835 he published his 'Life of Jesus', which caused a sensation by its extreme rationalistic standpoint, from which Christianity was viewed as a myth and Jesus as a Jewish philosopher. This publication caused him to be sacked from his post as chair of philosophy at Zurich, and he virtually abandoned Christianity altogether. Later works he published attacked Christianity as a combination of Jewish and Greek mythology.
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David Teniers the elder was a Flemish artist. He was born in 1582 and died in 1649. He studied under Rubens and spent most of his life at Antwerp.
David Teniers the younger was a Flemish artist. He was born in 1610 at Antwerp and died in 1690. The son of David Teniers the elder, he studied under his father and became painter to the court of Hapsburgs at Brussels where he taught Don John of Austria. His numerous paintings mainly deal with peasant life.
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David Tod was an American politician. He was born in 1805 and died in 1868. He was Minister to Brazil from 1847 to 1852. He was a champion of the 'peace policy' in 1861, but when Governor of Ohio from 1862 to 1864 was a firm supporter of the Government.
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David E Twiggs was an American soldier. He was born in 1790 and died in 1862. He served during the War of 1812. He commanded the right wing at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. He fought at Monterey, and led a brigade at Vera Cruz and a division at the capture of Mexico. He was in command of the Department of Texas in 1861 and surrendered his army and military stores to the Confederate General McCulloch. He was dishonourably dismissed from the US army.
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David Wallace was an American politician. He was a Whig governor of Indiana from 1837 until 1840.
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David Walters was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Oklahoma from 1991 until 1995.
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David Wickes is a British film director and producer, working mainly in television.
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Davis H Waite was an American politician. He was a Populist governor of Colorado from 1893 until 1895.
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The Dayak (Dyaks) are an aboriginal people of Indonesian Borneo and Sarawak.
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De Witt Clinton was an American politician. He was born in 1769 and died in 1828. He was three times Mayor of New York and inaugurated the 'spoils system' in New York. He worked for the completion of the Erie Canal scheme, the extension of education and the abolition of slavery and of imprisonment for debt.
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A Dean is the head of a Cathedral Chapter in the Church of England. He is responsible for the upkeep of the fabric, for the services, and generally for the management of business connected with the cathedral.
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Dean Richmond was an American businessman and politician. He was born in 1804 and died in 1866. He gained an enviable reputation for his upright dealings in business. He was a leader of the Democratic party in New York. He secured the consolidation of the New York Central Railroad.
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Deane C Davis was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Vermont from 1969 until 1973.
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Deborah (Debbie) Harry was lead singer with the 70's punk band Blondie. An ex-prostitute she excited young male audiences with her silky voice and short skirts.
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The Deceangli were a Celtic tribe living in north-east Wales in the area now known as Flintshire. They were invaded and conquered by the Romans in the 1st century AD.
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The Decemvirs were the 10 magistrates who had absolute authority in Ancient Rome.
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Decimus Junius Brutus was a Roman commander. He served under Julius Caesar in Gaul, and later was commander of his fleet. He was involved in the assassination of Caesar, and opposed Anthony for a while afterwards until his soldiers deserted him in Gaul and he was betrayed to Anthony who had him executed in 43 BC.
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A Deemster is a Judge in the Isle of Man, who, without process or any charge to the parties, decides controversies in the island.
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DeForest Richards was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Wyoming from 1899 until 1903.
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A deipnosophist is someone skilled in the art of conversation at the dining table.
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A Del Credere Agent is an agent for the sale of goods who guarantees, for an additional commission, that the purchaser is solvent and will perform his contract.
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The Delaware Indians were a North American tribe of Indians of the Algonquin family. They were so called Delaware because they lived on the Delaware river, although they called themselves Lenni Lenape.
Penn bought much land of them. At first a peaceable tribe, they were largely under the control of the Five Nations. Later, they became warlike, and had a part in the war with Pontiac. In 1774 they received a signal defeat. After 1768 there were none east of the Alleghenies. The Christian Delawares, converts of the Moravians, were largely massacred by the Americans at Gnadenhutten, near the close of the American War of Independence.
From Ohio the tribe emigrated to Missouri in 1818, in 1829 into Kansas, and in 1868 into the Indian Territory.
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A Delawarean is a resident of the US state of Delaware.
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Delia Derbyshire was a British composer and the inspiration behind modern electronic music. She died in 2001. As a studio manager at the BBC, working in the radiophonic workshop she arranged the theme tune for the 1960's television series 'Dr Who' from a few suggested notes passed to her on a scrap of paper by her boss. Delia Derbyshire composed music from adjusting sounds she found in everyday life, such as a metal lamp shade being struck by a stick, or a key run along a piano string, a sound which features in the Dr Who theme tune, recording these sounds onto short pieces of tape, and splicing them, adjusting the speed at which they were played and playing them backwards to produce revolutionary new sounds, all without the benefit of computers or synthesisers.
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A deltiologist is someone who collects postcards.
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Dena is the Athapaskan Indian name for themselves.
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The Dene are a North American Indian tribe found in the Northwest Territories, Canada.
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Denis Chales Scott Compton CBE was an English cricketer and footballer. He was born in 1918 at Hendon and died in 1997. He played cricket for Middlesex from 1936 and for England from 1937 to 1957, playing in 78 test matches and is regarded as the best all-round cricketer of all time. In 1947 he scored a record 18 centuries. In addition, when younger he played Association Football for Arsenal and England, being England captain in 1943 and playing with Arsenal when they won the cup in 1950. In 1957 following a knee injury he retired from cricket and football to work as a journalist and broadcaster.
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Denis Diderot was a French philosopher, novelist, playwright and critic. He was born in 1713 and died in 1784.
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Denmark Vesey was an American Black slave. He was born in 1767 and died in 1822. He purchased his freedom in 1800 and lived in Charleston. He maintained the right of slaves to strike for liberty, and organized a plot for a general insurrection around Charleston. Several thousand slaves were in the plot. The attempt was made in 1822, but was promptly suppressed, and US troops guarded against a new attempt. The leaders were hanged.
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Dennis Gabor was a British physicist. He was born in 1900 in Hungary and died in 1979. His work in electron physics and the invention of holography led to him being awarded a Nobel prize in 1971. His other contributions included high-speed cathode ray oscillograph, information theory, and the physics of optics.
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Dennis J Roberts was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Rhode Island from 1951 until 1959.
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Dennis Murphree was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of Mississippi from 1927 until 1928.
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Denver S Dickerson was an American politician. He was a Silver-Democratic governor of Nevada from 1908 until 1911.
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Desiderius Erasmus was a Dutch scholar. He was born in 1466 at Rotterdam and died in 1536. He wrote much about the Greek and Latin classics.
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Dewey F Bartlett was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Oklahoma from 1967 until 1971.
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DeWitt Clinton Senter was an American politician. He was a Whig-Republican governor of Tennessee from 1869 until 1871.
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Dhuleep Singh was a Maharajah of Lahore who led his Sikh forces in several attacks against the British. He was born in 1837 and died in 1893.
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The Dhundhari are a people of India.
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Di Buoninsegna Duccio was an Italian painter. He was born in 1255 and died in 1319. He founded the Sienese school.
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Diana Ross is an American Motown singer. She was born in 1944. She is remembered for singing with a band called the Supremes and later, from 1970, as a solo artist.
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Diane Julie Abbott is an English politician. She was born in 1953. After being educated at Cambridge she worked for the National Council for Civil Liberties, the Greater London Council and Lambeth Borough Council before being elected to Parliament as member for Hackney North and Stoke Newington in 1987. A member of the Labour party since 1971, she was the first 'Black' woman to be elected to the British government.
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Dick McDonald was one of two brothers responsible for the McDonalds fast- food chain of restaurants. He was born in 1909 and died in 1998.
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Richard (Dick) Turpin was a notorious English highwayman. He was born in 1706 at Hempstead, Essex and died in 1739 when he was hanged at York. The son of the landlord of the Bell Inn, he started his career as a butcher's apprentice before becoming an associate of Tom King, whom he accidentally shot. A smuggler, cattle-thief, housebreaker, highwayman and horse-thief, he was finally caught and executed for the murder of an Epping keeper.
As a young man, Dick Turpin was reputedly allowed more money than he needed, and developed extravagant tastes, and was it was said of him that he 'cut a dash round the town among the blades of the road and turf, whose company he affected to keep.' His family thought that marriage would settle the roguish Dick, and he was betrothed to a Miss Palmer whom he married. However, Miss Palmer was of a similar nefarious nature and remained a loyal and faithful partner to Dick throughout his subsequent criminal life.
As a child, Dick Turpin had taught himself poaching, and later he joined a gang of small-time villains who showed him the profit to be made from stealing the occasional sheep. Leaving them, Dick Turpin started stealing deer from Epping Forest, which he sold to contacts in London he had made while training as a butcher. Suspicions of his activities abound, but it was not until he stole a local cow and sold its beef locally did he have to leave home and went to Plaistow where he stole two cows, butchered them and sold the beef locally, only to be discovered by the investigations of two farm workers who had been charged with looking after the cattle he stole.
Pursued by Bow Street Runners, Dick Turpin left for Essex where he noticed furtive figures both solitary and gangs roaming the roads at dusk. Enquiries revealed these figures were smugglers, and Dick Turpin took to confronting them at night and demanding money in the name of the king.
Becoming lonely he joined a gang of deer-stealers until they attracted too much attention, at which point he left the gang and became a house-breaker before joining Gregory's gang and within a few weeks leading the gang. While leading the Gregory gang Dick Turpin realised that it was in his own interests to be lenient with his victims, and courted public sympathy by insisting the gang were never unruly or ill treated their robbery victims.
Dick Turpin's demise was ridiculous. While in Yorkshire under an assumed name, that of Palmer, he worked as a legitimate horse dealer until one day while returning from a shooting party he deliberately shot a cockerel. The event was witnessed by a friend of the cock's owner who upon asking the reason for the killing was jokingly offered to be shot also by Dick Turpin. A warrant was subsequently issued and while in custody his true identity was recognised and he was tried, and condemned to be hanged for horse stealing.
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Diego D'Almagro was a Spanish conquistador. He was born in 1464 and died in 1538. He was associated with Pizarro and Hernando de Luque in the conquest of Peru. He reached Peru in 1533 and attacked Chile in 1536, and returning in 1537 relieved Cuzco which was besieged by the Peruvians. Pizarro refused to recognise his claim to Cuzco and to Lima and defeated him at Las Salmas in 1538 and had him executed.
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Diego de Almagro was a Spanish Conquistador. A foundling, he was born in 1475 and died in 1538. He took part with Pizarro in the conquest of Peru, and after frequent disputes with Pizarro about their respective shares in their conquests led an expedition against Chili, which he failed to conquer. On his return a struggle took place between him and Pizarro, in which Almagro was finally overcome, taken prisoner, strangled, and afterwards beheaded. He was avenged by his son, who raised an insurrection in which Pizarro was assassinated in 1541. The younger Almagro was put to death in 1542 by De Castro, the new viceroy of Peru.
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Diego Maradona is an Argentine footballer. He was born in 1960 at Lanus and in 1977 became Argentina's youngest ever international.
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Diego Rivera was a Mexican painter. He was born in 1886 at Guanajuato and died in 1957.
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Diego Rodriguez De Silva Y Velazquez was a Spanish painter. He was born in 1599 and died in 1660. He studied under Herrera and then under Pacheco whose daughter he later married. He was commissioned to paint Philip IV's portrait and became court painter and favourite of the king.
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Dietrich Buxtehude was a Danish composer. He was born in 1637 and died in 1707. He composed Organ works, vocal music.
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The diggers were a pacifist and radical sect of 17th century England.
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Dimitri Shostakovich was a Russian composer. He was born in 1906 and died in 1975. He composed Symphonies, Lady Macbeth of the District Mzensk.
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Dingaan was King of the Zulus. He granted the Boers, led by Pieter Retief, permission to enter Natal, but later massacred the whole community in 1838.
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The Dinka are a branch of the Nilotes, race of mixed Negro and Hamitic blood, inhabiting part of the Sudan. They are exceptionally tall, often reaching 7 ft, athletic and very proud.
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Diocletian was a Roman Emperor. He was born in 243 and died in 313. He was proclaimed Emperor by the troops at Chalcedon in 284.
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Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian of the 1st century BC. He documented Greek history from its mythical beginnings to the Gallic War.
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Diogenes was a Greek philosopher. He was born in 412 BC and died in 323 BC.
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Dion Cassius was a Roman historian and administrator. He was born in 155 at Nicaea and died in 230. He wrote a history of Rome from the earliest times to the first century empire in a book entitled Romaika.
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Dionys Calvaert was a Flemish painter. He was born in 1555 at Antwerp and died in 1619 at Bologna.
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Dionysius was a tyrant of Syracuse. He was born around 430 BC and died around 367 BC. He gained control of the city during the war with Carthage, in 405 BC and extended his power by defeating the Carthaginians in 397 BC. His successful campaign against Rhegium and other Greek cities in Italy between 391 BC and 386 BC further extended his power, but he was defeated by the Carthaginians soon after. Dionysius raised Syracuse to the position of a leading city and was a patron of literature.
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A Diplomat is a person sent to a foreign country as one of the representatives of his country. Traditionally diplomats have spied on their host country.
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Dirk Bouts was a Flemish painter. He was born in 1415 at Haarlem and died in 1475. He was made city painter of Louvain in 1468. Bouts painted religious works and portraits in a linear, reserved, yet deeply felt style influenced by Roger van der Weyden. He skilfully used landscape as background and depicted still-life objects as accessories. Famous for the subtlety of his colouring and for his ability to suggest space in his interiors and landscapes, he is considered a foremost northern painter of his time, surpassed only by Jan van Eyck. Outstanding among Bouts's works are five panels in a triptych on biblical themes, including a masterly Last Supper in the central panel, painted for St. Pierre, Louvain. Also important is the Ordeal by Fire.
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Dirk Hals was a Dutch artist. He was born in 1589 and died in 1656. He was a younger brother of Frans Hals. He painted social pictures of young people assembled at dinner, dancing, talking or listening to music.
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Dirty Dick was the nickname given to Nathaniel Bentley, an 18th century English dandy who, following the death of his fiancee on the eve of their wedding, spent the rest of his life living in squalor until he died in 1809. A pub was built on the site of his house, in Bishop's Gate, London, in 1870, and named 'Dirty Dick's' in memory of the tragic man.
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Dixy Lee Ray was an American politician. She was a Democratic governor of Washington from 1977 until 1981.
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Dmitri Aleksandrovich Bystroletov was a Soviet OGPU agent. He was born in 1901. His first major success as an agent came in 1927 at Prague when he seduced a 29 year old woman (subsequently codenamed Laroche) working at the French embassy. She provided Bystroletov with copies of French diplomatic ciphers and classified communications.
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Dmitri Ivanovitch Mendeleyev was a Russian scientist. He was born in 1834 at Tobolsk and died in 1907. He discovered that characteristic properties of chemical elements recur in regular cycles in a table starting with the element of lowest atomic weight and progressing consecutively in order of weight.
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