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Obesity is the condition when a person has 20 percent or more extra body fat for their age, height, sex, and bone structure. Fat works against the action of insulin and extra body fat is thought to be a risk factor for diabetes.
 Research Obesity
Obesophobia is the fear of gaining weight.
Research Obesophobia
In psychoanalysis, object relations is the emotional relations between subject and object which, through a process of identification, are believed to constitute the developing ego. In this context, the word 'object' refers to any person or thing, or representational aspect of them, with which the subject forms an intense emotional relationship. Object relations were first described by German psychoanalyst Karl Abraham in an influential paper, published in 1924, in which he developed Freud' s ideas on infantile sexuality and the development of the libido. Object- relations theory has become one of the central themes of post-Freudian psychoanalysis, particularly through the writings of Melanie Klein, Scottish psychoanalyst Ronald Fairbairn, and Donald Winnicott, all deeply influenced by Abraham. They have each developed distinct, though complementary, approaches to analysis, evolving theories of personal development based on early parental attachments.
Research Object Relations
The oblique arytenoid muscle (arytenoideus obliqus) originates from the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage and inserts into the summit of the arytenoid cartilage of the opposite side and into the aryepiglottic fold. By flexing or relaxing the cricoarytenoid muscles, the arytenoid cartilages are forced to pivot, causing the vocal cords to be brought together for speech or separated, for breathing. The oblique arytenoid muscle is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Research Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
The oblique capitis inferior (inferior obliques capitis) muscle helps rotate the head. It originates from the axis and inserts in the atlas. It is innervated by the suboccipital nerves and is supplied by muscular branches of the vertebral artery.
Research Oblique Capitis Inferior
The oblique fissure divides the middle and lower lobes of the right lung. The right and left lung feature fissures which divide the overall structures into smaller lobes.
Research Oblique Fissure
In psychiatry, obsessive-compulsive neurosis is a neurosis in which the patient is driven to repeat the same act, such as washing his hands, over and over again, usually for many hours.
Research Obsessive-Compulsive Neurosis
An obstetrician is a physician who specializes in obstetrics.
Research Obstetrician
Obstetrics is the branch of medicine concerning pregnancy, labour, and the period immediately following childbirth. It also involves the psychological and social aspects of childbearing.
Obstetrics has not always been so broadly defined. Until recently, it involved only the mechanics of childbirth, and early practitioners did not have medical training. As early as 1303, the term midwife was used for women who assisted in home deliveries, and eventually the term midwifery evolved in reference to their practice. In modern Britain the terms midwifery and obstetrics are used interchangeably, though in the USA they are not. Since the 1980s obstetrics in Britain has started to consider the psychological aspects of childbirth, previous to then no consideration was given to the emotional trauma that may befall a mother and baby during childbirth, and the emphasis was primarily on hygiene and convenience. By the late 1990s British obstetrics had started to consider the mother's emotional state and feelings, allowing mothers in labour to walk around, and to adopt whatever position they find comfortable for giving birth - rather than previously being laid on their back with their feet in stirrups, a position which is painful,
degrading and does not assist the childbirth.
Research Obstetrics
Obstipation is a severe form of constipation, usually resulting from obstruction of the intestinal tract.
Research Obstipation
Obstruent is a medical term for something causing an obstruction, especially used to describe something obstructing the intestinal tract.
Research Obstruent
The obturatorius externus is a flat triangular muscle covering the wall of the pelvis. It originates from the lower half of the obturator foramen. The muscle fibres converge into a tendon which runs across the back of the hip joint and inserts in the femur. It is innervated by the obturator nerve and supplied by the obturator artery and the internal circumflex artery. This muscle rotates the femur outward.
Research Obturator Externus
The obturator foramen is the large opening in each pubis. These openings admit blood vessels and nerves from the abdominal cavity to the inside of the upper legs.
Research Obturator Foramen
The obturatorius internus lies partly within the cavity of the pelvis and partly at the back of the hip joint. It originates from the margin of the obturator foramen and narrows into a single, flattened tendon at its point of insertion in the great trochanter of the femur. This muscle is innervated by the sacral plexus and supplied bythe inferior gluteal artery. It helps rotate the thigh and steady it when sitting up.
Research Obturator Internus
The occipital artery arises from the axillary artery and runs along the back of the neck and head, supplying that area with fresh blood.
Research Occipital Artery
The occipital bone forms the back of the skull and the cranial base. It is joined to the two parietal bones and to the mastoid processes of the temporal bones on the side by the lambdoid suture. At the base of the occipital bone, at the basilar parts, the
occipital bone is attached to the sphenoid bone. The occipital bone features a significant bump, or external occipital protuberance, in the center of the back of the skull, while the Nuchal line defines the cusp at which the occipital bone curves under to the base. The large opening, or foramen magnum, in the
occipital bone can be seen in the inferior view of the skull, and allows the nerves of the upper spinal cord to pass through the skull between the brain and the rest of the spinal cord.
Research Occipital Bone
The occipital lobe is the posterior portion of each cerebral hemisphere, concerned with the interpretation of visual sensory impulses.
Research Occipital Lobe
The occipito-frontalis is a broad musculo-fibrous layer that cover the episkull. It consists of two thin layers of muscle. The occipital portion, sometimes called the occipitalis muscle, is quadrilateral in form and about an inch and a half in length. It originates from the occipital bone, covers the back of the skull and inserts in the galia aponeurotica. The frontal portion, sometimes called the frontalis, is also quadrilateral in form. It is broader and its fibres are longer. It originates from the galea aponeurotica, covers the forehead and inserts in the skin of the eyebrows and nose. The frontalis and occipitalis portions of the muscle are joined together by a thin, flat intermediate tendon called the galia aponeurotica. It is located above the occipito and frontalis muscle and covers the top of the skull. The occipito-frontalis muscle is innervated by the facial nerve and is supplied by the occipital artery. The galia aponeurotica works with the occipito- frontalis muscles to move the scalp. The frontalis muscle elevates the eyebrows
and draws the scalp forward. The occipitalis muscle draws the scalp backward.
Research Occipito-Frontalis
The occipitoaxial ligament (also known as the membrana tectoria) is the broad, strong ligament that helps to connect the spinal column to the skull.
Research Occipitoaxial Ligament
Occult bleeding is the symptom of having blood in the stools that is not visible to the naked eye. It may be a sign of a disease such as diverticulosis or colourectal cancer.
Research Occult Bleeding
An occupational disease is any one of many conditions associated with the workplace. They range from pneumoconiosis in miners to repetitive strain injury in typists. Specialists in occupational medicine, besides looking after workers, are concerned with improving health and safety at work, through public health measures, industrial legislation, and so on. The first recorded observation of an occupational disease - severe colic in a lead miner - appears in the writings of Hippocrates. The Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini, author of Diseases of Workers published in 1700, is regarded as the father of occupational medicine. He described no less than 54 dirty or dangerous trades, including Venetian mirror-making which was associated with mercury poisoning. Britain was the first country to introduce statutory notification of occupational diseases in 1895, in the late 1990s in Britain stress was finally recognised as an occupational disease.
Research Occupational Disease
Occupational psychology is the study of human behaviour at work. It includes dealing with problems in organisations, advising on management difficulties, and investigating the relationship between humans and machines (as in the design of aircraft controls). Another area is psychometrics and the use of assessment to assist in selection of personnel.
Research Occupational Psychology
Occupational therapy is a treatment that requires patients to do something purposeful, particularly tasks that enable them to express their feelings. Art therapy, in which patients express themselves through painting, sculpture, pottery, and the like, has been particularly successful. Almost all psychiatric clinics or units have an occupational therapy department. The activities typically take place in groups so that personal relationships can develop. Tasks may range from agricultural or simple manufacturing work to crafts such as basketwork or model-making.
Research Occupational Therapy
Ochlophobia is the fear of crowds.
Research Ochlophobia
Ochophobia is the fear of vehicles.
Research Ochophobia
Octophobia is the fear of the figure eight.
Research Octophobia
The odontoblast layer is the layer between the pulp and the dentine within the tooth. It contains odontoblasts which are responsible for generating new tooth tissue.
Research Odontoblast Layer
Odontology is the branch of medical science concerned with the anatomy, development, and diseases of teeth and related structures.
Research Odontology
Odontophobia is the fear of teeth.
Research Odontophobia
Odynophobia is the fear of pain.
Research Odynophobia
Oenophobia is the fear of wines.
Research Oenophobia
Oesophageal is a secretion from the membrane of the oesophagus. It is a mucus lubricant to assist peristalsis.
Research Oesophageal
The oesophagus is the region of the alimentary canal following the pharynx. The walls of the
oesophagus are muscular and force food along by contractions. The oesophagus is composed of a thick muscle wall which is voluntary (striped) muscle in the upper part, and involuntary (smooth) muscle in the lower part. The oesophagus ends byjoining the cardiac orifice of the stomach a little less than four cm below the diaphragm. It therefore has three parts. The cervical portion in the lower part of the neck lies immediately behind the trachea with lobes of the thyroid on either side. The thoracic portion lies, in the upper part, close to the back of the trachea in front of the vertebral column. In the lower part the oesophagus passes a little to the left and is crossed by the left bronchus, later .lying immediately behind the pericardium until it pierces the diaphragm. Except during the passage of food, the oesophagus is flattened like a muscle strap but can distend to 25 mm in diameter. With the exception of the pylorus it is the narrowest portion of the alimentary tract and the oesophagus itself has three constrictions where it
becomes narrower than in the rest of its course. The first is at the upper end behind the cricoid cartilage; the second is at the level of the bifurcation of the trachea into right and left bronchus; while the third narrow point is where the oesophagus passes through the diaphragm. Unlike the abdominal parts of the alimentary tract, there is no peritoneal coat on the thoracic and cervical
oesophagus.
Research Oesophagus
Oestrogen is a hormone produced in the ovary of a vertebrate.
Research Oestrogen
Oikophobia is the fear of home.
Research Oikophobia
Olfactophobia (osmophobia) is the fear of smell.
Research Olfactophobia
The olfactory bulb is an extension of the cortex. It is situated immediately above the nasal cavity. Fibres from the olfactory bulb pass into the olfactory tract which branches to various structures on or near the lower surface of the cortex, notably to areas which play a part in emotional responses.
Research Olfactory Bulb
Oligodendrocytes are a class of cells found in the central nervous system of vertebrates known as glial cells. Oligodendrocytes are one of two types of cell responsible for producing the fatty protein myelin - oligodendrocytes being found in the central nervous system, and Schwann cells which also produce myelin being found in the peripheral nervous system. Myelin produced by Oligodendrocytes insulates multiple axons.
Research Oligodendrocytes
Olopatadine hydrochloride is a drug used for the temporary prevention of itching of the eye due to allergic conjunctivitis.
Research Olopatadine hydrochloride
Ombrophobia is the fear of rain.
Research Ombrophobia
The omentum is a long fold of the peritoneum. It is loaded with fat and lies in front of the bowels in the abdominal cavity. It protects the bowels and keeps them warm.
Research Omentum
Omeprazole is a drug containing substituted benzimidazole, 5-methoxy-2-[[(4-methoxy-3, 5-dimethyl-2- pyridinyl) methyl] sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole, a compound that inhibits gastric acid secretion. It is used to treat stomach ulcers.
Research Omeprazole
Ommetaphobia is the fear of eyes.
Research Ommetaphobia
The omohyoid muscle (omohyoideus) consists of two large triangles at each side of the neck united by a central tendon. It originates from the upper part of the scapula (shoulder blade) and runs upward along the neck behind the sternomastoid muscle and is inserted in the lower portion of the hyoid bone. It is innervated by the upper cervical nerves through the ansa cervicalis nerve. This muscle moves the hyoid bone backward and from side to side, assisting swallowing, speech, and chewing.
Research Omohyoid Muscle
Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) is a disease found in parts of Africa and tropical America that is caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. It is transmitted to humans by various species of black fly and results in inflammation of the skin and in some cases blindness.
Research Onchocerciasis
Oncology is the branch of medicine dealing with tumours and cancer including the origin, development, diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms.
Research Oncology
Oneirogmophobia is the fear of wet dreams.
Research Oneirogmophobia
Oneirophobia is the fear of dreams.
Research Oneirophobia
Onomatophobia is the fear of names.
Research Onomatophobia
Ophidiophobia is the fear of snakes.
Research Ophidiophobia
Ophthalmia is an inflammation of the eye. Ophthalmia neonatorum is an acute inflammation of a baby's eyes at birth caused by gonorrhoea caught from the mother.
Research Ophthalmia
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine which deals with the structure, functions, and diseases of the eye.
Research Ophthalmology
Ophthalmophobia is the fear of being stared at.
Research Ophthalmophobia
An ophthalmoscope is an instrument specially constructed to aid in minute examination of the eye, and in particular its interior.
Research Ophthalmoscope
Opisthotonos is a tetanus-like muscular contraction spasm in which the body is bent backwards and stiffened.
Research Opisthotonos
Opium is the dried, milky juice (latex) of unripe capsules of the white poppy (Papaver somniferum). It is produced chiefly in Afghanistan, Asia Minor, India, and China.
The opium poppy is cultivated from seeds sown between November and March, and successive crops are ready from May to July. The flowers are white or purplish; and a few days after the petals
have fallen, when the capsules are about 25 mm. in diameter, they are cut round the middle with a knife, and left overnight for the juice to flow out and harden. After further drying on poppy leaves, the dark, plastic masses are made into lumps for sale.
Opium is bitter, and has a characteristic smell. Its properties depend upon the nineteen or twenty alkaloids it contains. The chief of these are: Morphine (9 per cent); narcotine (5 per cent); papaverine (0.8 per cent) ; thebaine (0.4 per cent); codeine or methylmorphine (0.3 per cent); narceine (0,2 per cent.). Morphine, the most important alkaloid, is separated from the others by extracting the opium with hot water, and boiling the extract with milk of lime. Alcoholic tincture of opium is known as laudanum. It contains about 0.75 per cent, of morphine.
Opium is used medicinally, mainly to relieve pain and to produce sleep, and for this purpose is best given hypodermically as morphine. It is also employed to relieve vomiting and to stop diarrhoea, to lessen distressing coughing, to stop bleeding in the stomach and intestines; while it is valuable in
neart disease, diabetes, in cystitis and other inflammatory conditions, for haemoptysis, and, as
Dover's powder, to cause perspiration in, for instance, common cold.
A conference of the Powers at the Hague in January 1912, drew up a convention of twenty-five articles by which they agreed to control the supply of and gradually suppress the manufacture of
opium.
Research Opium
The opponens digiti minimi (opponens digiti quinti) lies immediately beneath the flexor digiti minimi brevis. It is triangular in shape and originates from the hamulus of the hamate bone and the flexor retinaculum of the wrist. It inserts in the fifth metacarpal bone. The opponens digiti minimi is innervated by the ulnar nerve and supplied by the ulnar artery. This muscle is a part of the hypothenar eminence, the muscle mass of the little finger, located on the outside of the palm of the hand. The hypothenar eminence consists of the abductor digiti minimi, the flexor digiti minimi brevis, the opponens digiti minimi, and the palmaris brevis. These muscles work together to perform the grasp functions of the hand. With the help of the opponens digiti minimi, the little finger can be brought across to touch the thumb.
Research Opponens Digiti Minimi
The opponens pollicis is a deep muscle. It is a small triangular muscle that lies just beneath the abductor pollicis brevis. It originates from the ridge of the trapezium and from the flexor retinaculum in the wrist. The muscle narrows into a tendon that inserts in the first metacarpal bone. It is innervated by motor branches of the median nerve. The
opponens pollicis is part of the thenar eminence.
Research Opponens Pollicis
An ophthalmologist is a medical practitioner specialising in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.
Research Opthalmologist
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine concerned with the eye and its diseases.
Research Opthalmology
Optic atrophy is degeneration of the optic nerve resulting in a loss of vision. It can be caused by injury, poisoning of the nerve or a lack of blood getting to the nerve.
Research Optic Atrophy
The optic chiasm is located on the undersurface of the hypothalamus near the pituitary gland. The optic nerves cross in an 'X' formation at the optic chiasm. This is where the fibres from the medial (or nasal) half of each retina cross and join the optic tract of the opposite side and continue to the brain.
Research Optic Chiasm
The optic nerve transmits nervous impulses from the rods and cones of the retina to the brain. The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is known as the blind spot. It contains no visual cells and is therefore insensitive to light. The fovea is the area of acutest vision.
Research Optic Nerve
Optium is a brand name for Amoxicillin.
Research Optium
Optophobia is the fear of opening one's eyes.
Research Optophobia
The orbicularis oculi (sphincter oculi; orbicularis palpebrarum) muscle is a broad, thin, ring shaped layer of muscle that covers the eyelid and the surrounding orbit. Because of its shape it is classified as a sphincter muscle. The muscle is composed of three parts: the palpebral portion, the orbital portion, and the lachrimal portion. The palpebral portion covers the eyelid. It originates from the palpebral ligament, passes over each eyelid and inserts in the palpebral raphe. The orbital portion of the muscle surrounds the orbit, extending from the bottom of the forehead down to the front of the cheek. It originates from the frontal process of the maxilla (upper jaw), encircles the orbit, and inserts near its point of origin. The upper fibres of the orbital portion blend with the occipito- frontalis and corrugator supercilli. The lachrimal portion (tensor tarsi; Horner's muscle; Duverney's muscle) originates from the lachrimal crest inside of the bridge of the nose and passes across the lachrimal sac to insert with the palpebral portion of the muscle. This muscle is innervated by the facial nerve and supplied by the angular artery and branches of the temporal artery. The three portions work together to narrow the eye, thus causing the eye to close or blink.
Research Orbicularis Oculi
The orbicularis oris (sphincter oris) muscle lies between the skin and the mucous membrane of the lips. It consists of a bundle of muscle fibres that surround the mouth and extends upward to the septum of the nose and downward to the region between the lower lip and chin. These muscular fibres are partially derived from other facial muscle that are inserted into the lips. It is innervated by the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve) and supplied by the facial artery. The orbicularis oris pulls the lips against the teeth and causes lips to close and pucker, as when kissing.
Research Orbicularis Oris
The orbicularis palpebrarum refers to the palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi (sphincter oculi) muscle. The orbicularis oculi is a broad, thin, ring shaped layer of muscle that covers the eyelid and the surrounding orbit. Because of its shape it is classified as a sphincter muscle. The muscle is composed of three parts: the palpebral portion, the orbital portion, and the lachrimal portion. The palpebral portion covers the eyelid. It originates from the palpebral ligament, passes over each eyelid and inserts in the palpebral raphe. The orbital portion of the muscle surrounds the orbit, extending from the bottom of the forehead down to the front of the cheek. It originates from the frontal process of the maxilla, encircles the orbit, and inserts near its point of origin. The upper fibres of the orbital portion blend with the occipito-frontalis and corrugator supercilli. The lachrimal portion (tensor tarsi; Horner's muscle; Duverney's muscle) originates from the lachrimal crest inside of the bridge of the nose and passes across the lachrimal sac to insert with the palpebral portion of the muscle. This muscle is innervated by the facial nerve and supplied by the angular artery and branches of the temporal artery. The three portions work together to narrow the eye, thus causing the eye to close or blink.
Research Orbicularis Palpebrarum
The orbit, or eye socket, is formed by the juncture of a number of bones. Of these, the sections of the ethmoid bone are located between the orbits, forming part of the inner wall of each orbital cavity (called the orbital plate) and lateral wall and part of the roof of the nasal cavity. The frontal bone forms most of the upper surfaces, while the maxilla and zygomatic bone form the lower and outer surfaces. The lachrymal bone also forms part of the inner surface, in conjunction with the ethmoid bone.
Research Orbit
Orbital is a classification of human skull shape and refers to the skulls of Tasmanians.
Research Orbital
The orbital openings are the eye-sockets in the human skull.
Research Orbital Openings
An organic disease is one in which there is a physical change in the structure of an organ or part.
Research Organic Disease
Organic psychosis is a severe mental illness produced by damage to the brain, which may be a result of poisoning, alcoholism, disease or trauma.
Research Organic Psychosis
Organotherapy is the treatment of disease with extracts of animal endocrine glands.
Research Organotherapy
Ornithophobia is the fear of birds.
Research Ornithophobia
Oroxine is a brand name for Levothyroxine sodium.
Research Oroxine
Orthopaedics is the branch of surgery devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of illnesses, injuries, deformities, and malformations of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Orthopaedists thus treat traumatic injuries to bones, such as fractures and dislocations; disturbances in joints, such as sprains, torn cartilages, or strained ligaments; and inflammation of muscle or connective tissues, such as bursitis, myositis, and tendonitis. They also treat back problems, such as strains, ruptured discs, or curvatures; foot problems, such as flat feet or high arches; and neck disorders, such as strains or arthritis. Surgeons employ mechanical appliances, such as braces, splints, and casts, and in surgical procedures extensively use hardware such as screws, pins, nails, and bolts and nuts, particularly in repairing broken bones. In the 20th century open operations are performed freely; many deformities are cured by operative means alone; and improved X-ray techniques have made the diagnosis of bone and joint lesions more exact and the results of treatment more satisfactory. The transplantation of bone, fascia, muscle, and tendon for the restoration of function to, or the replacement of, destroyed tissue and even the use of newly devised metal prostheses to replace arthritic joints are now commonplace.
Research Orthopedics
Orthophobia is the fear of property.
Research Orthophobia
The Os calcis is the heel bone of the human foot.
Research Os calcis
Osmophobia is the fear of smells or odours.
Research Osmophobia
Ospamox is a brand name for Amoxicillin.
Research Ospamox
Osphresiophobia is the fear of smells.
Research Osphresiophobia
Ossein is one of the albuminoids. It is the chief organic constituent of bone. Chemically it is similar to collagen.
Research Ossein
Osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) is a chronic inflammation of the joints, especially those that bear weight such as the knees and hips, with pain and stiffness.
Research Osteoarthritis
The osteocytes are bone cells which have lost their ability to produce bone material. These are the remnants of the osteoblasts which form bone tissue as the bone is developing.
Research Osteocyte
Osteology is the branch of medicine dealing with the bones.
Research Osteology
Osteomalacia is a disease affecting adults and characterised by a softening of the bones, resulting from a deficiency of vitamin D and of calcium and phosphorus.
Research Osteomalcia
Ostraconophobia is the fear of shellfish.
Research Ostraconophobia
Otolaryngology is the branch of medicine concerned with the ear, nose, and throat and their diseases.
Research Otolaryngology
Ouranophobia is the fear of heaven.
Research Ouranophobia
The outer lamellae are the thin layers of bone tissue which are laid down as the bone is formed. They lie just below the periosteum and form the outer surface of the compact bone tissue.
Research Outer Lamella
The oval window is a part of the middle ear. It is twenty times smaller than the tympanic membrane and has liquid on its inner side. The middle ear converts the amplified sound waves from the ossicles into mechanical vibrations which are efficiently transferred through the liquid of the inner ear.
Research Oval Window
The ovarian ligaments are strands of connective tissue which attach the ovaries to the fallopian tubes and the upper margin of the exterior of the uterus.
Research Ovarian Ligament
The ovaries are lobe-like structures which are responsible for generating the mature ova, or eggs, in the female reproductive system. They are about the same size as the testes in the male, being about 2.5 cm wide and 3.8 cm long. The ovaries are located on either side of the pelvic cavity and are attached to the fallopian tubes and the upper margin of the uterus by the ovarian ligaments. Within the ovaries are a number of small sacs, called graafian follicles, which contain the maturing ova. The ovaries produce a mature ovum about once every month. When this occurs, called ovulation, the follicle containing the mature ovum erupts from the surface of the ovary and the ovum passes into a fallopian tube. If the ovum is fertilized, the graafian follicle then develops into a corpus luteum. If the ovum is not fertilized, the follicle disintegrates into a small scar tissue, called a corpus albicans. In addition to generating the mature ova, the ovaries also produce female sex hormones, such as estrone and estradiol, which regulate mammary growth, placental development, and menstruation.
Research Ovaries
An ovum is a female gamete, or reproductive cell. The ovum is typically fertilised by the male gamete, the sperm, before later developing into a foetus. The term ovum is also used to describe the early stages of development where the fertilised egg has divided into a mass of cells.
Research Ovum
An oxymel is a medicinal solution based upon vinegar and honey. Squill is often supplied in an oxymel in cough medicine, then refered to as 'squill oxymel'.
Research Oxymel
Oxymetazoline is a chemical which constricts blood vessels in the body.
Oxymetazoline is used as a topical drug available without prescription for the temporary relief of both eye irritations and nose and sinus irritations. The nasal formulation acts directly on the blood vessels of the nasal tissues. Constriction of the blood vessels in the nose and sinuses leads to a drainage of the areas and a decrease in congestion. Most people experience a temporary burning or stinging sensation in the nose when using oxymetazoline, but no other serious side-effects are known, though the drug will apparently react with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and according to the American Yale New Haven Health System may be very dangerous, though this is not a view shared widely by British doctors and pharmacists.
Research Oxymetazoline
Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates the uterus in late pregnancy to initiate and sustain labour.
Research Oxytocin
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Abbreviations
Medicine
