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The B-10 is a Soviet 82 mm recoilless gun. The B-10 is a smooth-bore anti-tank weapon firing a fin stabilised 3.6 kg HEAT or 4.5 kg HE round to an effective anti-tank range of 400 meters, able to penetrate 240 mm of armour, or to a HE range of 4500 meters. The B-10 has a rate of fire of 7 rounds per minute.
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The B-11 is a Soviet 107 mm towed recoilless gun. The B-11 is a smooth-bore field gun and anti-tank weapon firing a fin stabilised 9 kg HEAT or 13.6 kg HE round to an effective anti-tank range of 450 meters, able to penetrate 380 mm of armour, or to a HE range of 6650 meters. The B-11 has a rate of fire of 6 rounds per minute.
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The B-300 is an Israeli shoulder-fired, portable rocket weapon for engaging field defences, AFVs and personnel. The B-300 fires a 82 mm calibre 3.1 kg rocket to an effective range of 400 meters and can penetrate 400 mm of armour.
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The BAC Rapier is a British surface-to-air, low-level anti-aircraft missile first deployed in the 1960s after development in 1964 and first being fired in 1967. Rapier is armed with a 500 gram warhead and has a range of 7250 meters with a flight speed in excess of Mach 2. Rapier, as designed for the British services, consists of a two-wheeled towed trailer mounting four launchers and the automatic target detection and acquisition radar.
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A balista was a large military engine, similar to a cross-bow, used by the ancients for hurling stones, darts and other missiles by means of a spring tightly drawn and then let loose.
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The basilisk was a type of cannon firing a 48 lb shot.
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The Battalion Gun Type 92 was a Japanese infantry support weapon of the Second World War able to be fired as a mortar and as a direct-fire assault gun. The Battalion Gun Type 92 fired a 70 mm calibre 3.76 kg high-explosive, shrapnel or smoke shell at a muzzle velocity of 198 meters-per-second to a range of 2788 meters.
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In military terms,battery applies to any number of guns grouped in position for action; the term is also applied to any work constructed as a position for such guns; and to the tactical unit of field-artillery or horse-artillery, which in 1900 consisted in the British service (and most others) of six guns with all necessary appurtenances and equipment, such as ammunition and other wagons; while the term battery also included the men and horses, the most numerous of the former being the gunners and drivers. In the Royal Field Artillery of 1900 there were 151 batteries, each being commanded by a major; in the Horse Artillery of the same period there were 28 batteries, similarly commanded. Among batteries of position, elevated batteries have the gun-platforms on the ground-level or above it; sunken batteries are excavated so that the gun itself ranges just above the ground. Cross batteries are batteries which play athwart each other; an en echarpe battery, a battery which plays obliquely on the enemy's lines; an enfilade battery, a battery which scours or sweeps a whole line or length.
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Bazooka was the nickname of the American M1A1 2.36 inch rocket launcher used during the Second World War. It fired a 60 mm calibre shaped charge missile to an effective range of 150 yards and a maximum range of 700 yards at a muzzle velocity of 83 meters-per-second and could penetrate 120 mm of armour at all ranges.
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The Becker gun was a German aircraft gun of the Great War. It was an automatic weapon firing a small high explosive shell of 19 mm calibre at about 300 rounds per minute. Some were fitted into Gotha bombers, while about 130 were issued to German air defence units.
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Big Bertha was a name applied to any of four large German howitzer guns that were mounted on railway wagons during the Great War. Although the name is commonly applied to many large-calibre German guns it really only refers properly to one, the 42 cm Krupp howitzer L/14, which was used to reduce the fortress of Liege and other strong points in 1914. The guns were scrapped after the Battle of Verdun in 1916, since by then they were out-ranged by most Allied heavy artillery. The guns were named after the wife of the manufacturer, Gustav Krupp. The 42 cm Krupp howitzer L/14 fired a 820 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 9375 meters with a muzzle velocity of 425 meters-per-second.
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The Bofors Bill 2 is a Swedish wire-guided overfly top-attach anti-tank guided missile. The launch system is designed for both infantry use and mounting on vehicles.
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The BL 5 inch Howitzer Mk I was the first breech-loading field howitzer to be used by the British army, and saw action at the Battle of The Nile in 1897. The
BL 5 inch Howitzer Mk I fired a 50 lb high-explosive shell to a range of 4800 yards with a muzzle velocity of 240 meters-per-second.
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The BL 5.5 inch Gun Mk 2 was a British field-gun introduced in 1942 to replace the BL 60pdr. The BL 5.5 inch Gun Mk 2 remained in service with the British army until the 1980s. It fired a 100 lb high-explosive shell to a range of 16200 yards, and was later issued with a lighter 82 lb shell which could be fired to a range of 18100 yards.
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The BL 6 inch 26-cwt Howitzer Mk 1 was a British howitzer developed in 1915 to replace earlier 25 cwt and 30 cwt 6 inch howitzers, and became the standard British medium howitzer of the Great War. It fired a 86 lb shrapnel and later high-explosive shell to a range of 10425 meters at a muzzle velocity of 427 meters-per-second.
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The BL 6 inch 30-cwt Howitzer was a British gun introduced in 1896 - the first BL medium howitzer adopted by the British army. The BL 6 inch 30-cwt Howitzer fired a 118.5 lb shrapnel shell to a range of 5200 yards at a muzzle velocity of 237 meters-per-second.
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The BL 60pdr was a British artillery gun developed following the Boer War and which remained in service until the Second World War. The BL 60pdr was a 5 inch calibre weapon which fired a 60 lb shrapnel shell to a range of 12300 yards at a muzzle velocity of 634 meters-per-second.
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The BL 8 inch Howitzer was a British heavy gun which went through various modifications during the Great War until it was perfected with the Mark 7 in 1916. The BL 8 inch Howitzer fired a 200 lb shell to a range of 11250 meters with a muzzle velocity of 457 meters-per-second.
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The BL Mark X was a British 9.2 inch calibre naval gun which entered service in 1900 and saw action on ships and in coastal defence batteries during the Second World War. The BL Mark X fired a 380 lb shell to a maximum range of 13720 meters from a ship mounting, 29810 meters from a coastal battery at a rate of fire of four rounds-per-minute.
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A blowpipe is a tubular weapon through which a missile is blown.
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Blue Streak was a British inter-continental ballistic missile project following the Second World War. The launch sites were deemed too vulnerable to enemy attacks and the project was cancelled at the end of the 1950s.
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The BM-21 is a Soviet made multiple-rocket launcher first produced during the 1960s and during the 1980s used by the PLO in Beirut. The BM-21 is manned by a crew of six and armed with 40 122 mm rocket tubes. A V-8 petrol engine provides a top speed of 75 kmh and a range of 405 km. The rockets fly at a velocity of 690 meters-per-second and have a range of 20380 meters.
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The BM-24 was a Soviet made multiple-rocket launcher produced during the 1950s based on a ZIL-151 6x6 truck chassis. The BM-24 was manned by a crew of six and armed with 12 240 mm rocket tubes. It had a top speed of 65 kmh and a range of 430 km. The rockets had a range of 10300 meters and were armed with a 46.9 kg high-explosive fragmentation warhead.
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The BM-27 is a Soviet made multiple-rocket launcher produced during the 1970s. The BM-27 is manned by a crew of six and armed with 16 220 mm rocket tubes. It had a top speed of 65 kmh and a range of 500 km. The rockets have a range of 25 km and are armed with a 100 kg high-explosive fragmentation warhead.
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The Bofors L/60 Gun was a light 40-mm anti-aircraft gun designed by the Bofors company of Sweden in 1929 and used by almost all combatants in the Second World War. They were highly effective against low-flying ground attack aircraft. The original models were entirely hand operated and visually sighted, but in the latter part of the war radar predictors and power control were added, improving the chance of hitting the target. It fired from four-round clips at a rate of 120 rounds-per-minute and had an effective ceiling of 1520 meters and a muzzle velocity of 823 meters-per-second.
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The Bofors 40 Mk3 gun is a 40 mm Naval multipurpose gun with the capability to engage all types of targets. This extremely accurate gun is capable of firing any 40 mm L/70 ammunition, but the highest performance is achieved when using Bofors 40 mm 3P ammunition. The ready-to-use magazine holds a total of 101 rounds, enough for between ten and twenty engagements without reloading. The two magazine compartments can be loaded with different types of ammunition. The operator can, within a split second, switch from one compartment to the other. The Gun Main Computer (GMC) has a built-in event/activity recorder which continuously monitors all the gun-sensors, power supplies and other vital gun functions. The gun is designed for total remote control from the ship Fire Control System. Internal communication within the gun, as well as communication with other units outside the gun, is conducted via a data bus MIL-STD-1553 B. The gun features a sophisticated local control back-up mode using a low-light TV sight.
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The Bofors 57 Mk3 gun is a naval all-target gun based on the well-proven 57 Mk2, but uses a new generation of computers which provide many new features, the most significant of which is the introduction of programmable all-target 3P ammunition. The gun is designed with a stealth cupola which provides an extremely low signature. The gun has a fully automatic loading system containing 120 rounds of ammunition ready-to-fire. In the twin compartment magazine the shift between types of ammunition, which takes only a split second, is fully automatic. In the air defence role the highly effective ammunition, super-accuracy combined with the 220 rounds/minute rate of fire, results in high kill and short firing sequences. Against surface and shore targets the accuracy (range 17000 meters) and effect of each surface target shell, combined with the high rate of fire, gives a gun system that outmatches the enemy in any surface combat situation. Mechanically, the Bofors 57 mm gun is almost identical to the 57 Mk2 gun. The weight of the
gun system including 1000 rounds is approximately 13000 kg. The 57 Mk3 can be installed on ships from 150 tonnes and upwards.
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The Bofors Bantam is a Swedish small, portable, wire-guided, anti-tank missile designed to be operated by a single soldier. The Bofors Bantam employed a two-stage solid propellant rocket motor providing a cruising speed of 306 kmh and a range of between 250 and 2000 meters. The Bofors Bantam was armed with a 1.4 kg high-explosive warhead, and can be deployed and fired within 25 seconds.
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The Bofors L/70 is a Swedish anti-aircraft gun developed from the earlier Bofors L/60 (Bofors Gun) and introduced during the 1950s. The L/70 has a longer barrel, a modified mechanism allowing a higher rate of fire and is chambered for a newer shell. The Bofors L/70 has an effective ceiling of 3500 meters and a muzzle velocity of 1005 meters-per-second.
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The Bofors L70 is a 40 mm auto-cannon used as an anti-aircraft defence. It has a cyclic rate of 320 rounds per minute and an effective range of 4000 meters against both airborne and ground targets.
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The Bofors Model 29 was a Swedish 75 mm anti-aircraft gun of the Second World War. The Bofors Model 29 had an effective ceiling of 8565 meters and a muzzle velocity of 840 meters-per-second.
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The Bofors Model 34 was a Swedish 75 mm calibre mountain gun produced in the late 1920s privately by the Bofors company and sold to Belgium and the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies. The Bofors Model 34 fired a 14.5 lb high-explosive shell to a range of 9300 meters.
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Bolas is a form of missile used by South American Indians. It is a length of rope with a stone or ball of metal at each end. When used it is swung round the head by one hand and then hurled at an animal so as to entangle it by twisting round its legs.
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The Bolkow Bo 810 Cobra was a German small wire-guided anti-tank missile used by NATO forces during the mid-1960's. The Bolkow Bo 810 Cobra was a small weapon capable of being carried and deployed by one soldier. The Bolkow Bo 810 Cobra was armed with a 2.5 kg hollow-charge warhead capable of penetrating 475 mm of armour at ranges between 400 meters and 1600 meters, and had a top speed of 306 kmh. Later models increased the range to 2000 meters and could penetrate 500 mm of armour.
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Bomarc (USAF designation CIM-10) was an American long-range surface-to-air nuclear missile and the first long-range surface-to-air-missile put into service anywhere in the world. Development of Bomarc started in 1949 and the prototype was first fired in 1952. Bomarc was powered by two Marquards RJ43-MA-7 ramjet engines providing a cruising sped of Mach 2.8 and a range of 400 km. A problem with the original Bomarc was the firing time, just under two minutes. A later model, the CIM-10B Super Bomarc, first fired in 1959, was fitted with a solid-propellant integral booster and more powerful ramjets and had an increased range of 700 km and a reduced firing time to almost instantaneous.
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A bombard was a type of cannon or mortar generally loaded with stone instead of iron balls.
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Originally a bombardier was an artillery soldier whose duties were connected with mortars and howitzers, but now is the lowest non-commissioned officer of artillery.
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The Brandt 120 mm Mortar is a French mortar that fires a 15.7 kg bomb to a range of 8135 meters. Two models are produced, one with a rifled bore and the other smooth bore.
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The Brandt 60 mm LR Gun-Mortar is a French breech-loading mortar also capable of being fired along a flat trajectory. The Brandt 60 mm LR Gun-Mortar is fitted to light AFVs and fires a 2.2 kg bomb to a range of 4000 meters with a rate of fire of up to 10 rounds-per-minute.
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The Breda 40/L/70 is an Italian anti-aircraft gun comprising the Bofors L/70 anti-aircraft gun in a special fully-shielded mounting.
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The Breda 81 mm Mortar is an Italian long-range mortar utilising a longer barrel than most 81 mm mortars, and so achieving a longer range. The Breda 81 mm Mortar fires a 4.2 kg bomb between 75 meters and 5000 meters at a rate of fire of up to 20 rounds-per-minute. The Breda 81 mm Mortar is light enough to be dismantled and carried by a team of three men, and is also fitted with a removable firing pin to prevent accidental fire when removing a misfired bomb.
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The Bristol Bloodhound (officially code-named Red Duster) later BAC Bloodhound, was the first British surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile to enter service and was used by the RAF during the later part of the 1950s. The Bristol Bloodhound was powered by Thor-type ramjets producing a flight speed in excess of mach 1 and a range of 80 km.
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The British 6 in/50 BL Mark XXIII was a British naval gun developed as a result of the London Cruiser Conference of January 1929, which restricted cruiser gun sizes to six inches. Like many contemporary mid-calibre designs, it was originally planned to use this gun in an anti-aircraft role, however, as was so often the case, the time taken to aim and traverse the gun meant that it was ineffective against aircraft, and was mounted for surface warfare. It had a rate of fire of between six and eight rounds per minute and a maximum range of 23300 meters.
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The British 7.5 in/46.5 Caliber Gun Mark VI was a British naval gun designed in 1915, mounted on Hawkins Class cruisers, and in some shore batteries during the Second World War. The gun had a maximum range of 19300 meters and a rate of fire of two rounds-per-minute.
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The Brixia Model 35 Mortar was an Italian light-support mortar of the Second World War. The Brixia Model 35 Mortar was manned by a team of two men, one gunner and one loader and fired a 45 mm bomb to a range of 530 meters at a rate of fire of up to 18 rounds per minute.
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Bussard is a German 120 mm calibre anti-tank guided mortar projectile developed during the 1970s at the request of the German Defence Ministry. Bussard weighs 17 kg and is laser, radar, or infra-red guided depending upon the fitted seeker head, and has a maximum range of 5000 meters.
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Abbreviations
Warfare
