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The M-13 was a Soviet rocket of the Second World War first developed in secret during the 1930s. the M-13 was a 132 mm rocket launched from an open-rail launcher usually mounted on the back of a 6x6 truck, but also mounted on other vehicles. The M-13 fired a 42.5 kg high-explosive rocket at a velocity of 355 meters-per-second to a range of 8500 meters.
 Research M-13
The M-27 Recoilless Rifle was an American towed and vehicle-mounted anti-tank weapon. The M-27 Recoilless Rifle was operated by a crew of five, had a calibre of 105 mm and fired a variety of ammunition including HE, WP, HEAT, HEP and HEP-T to a maximum range of 8450 meters with an effective anti-tank range of 1000 meters.
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The M-37 was a Soviet anti-tank gun of the Second World War. The M-37 had a calibre of 45 mm and a rate of fire of 30 rounds per minute, firing a 1.43 kg shell with a muzzle velocity of 76 meters per second to an effective range of 500 meters at which it could penetrate 60 mm of armour.
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The M-43 was a Soviet anti-tank gun of the Second World War. The M-43 had a calibre of 57 mm and fired a 1.75 kg to 3.74 kg shell with a muzzle velocity of 1270 meters per second and was capable of penetrating 100 mm of armour.
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The M-53 is a Czechoslovakian twin 30 mm anti-aircraft cannon. The M-53 comprises an open mounting on a light four-wheeled trailer manned by a four member detachment. The 20 mm cannons have a 2430 mm long barrel and fire high explosive or API rounds with a muzzle velocity of 1000 meters per second and a cyclic rate of between 450 and 500 rounds per minute to a practical range of 2000 meters. The M-53 can penetrate 60 mm of armour at 500 meters when used in a ground support role.
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The M-65 Rocket Launcher is a Spanish shoulder-fired anti-tank rocket launcher similar to the American M20 Rocket Launcher. The M-65 Rocket Launcher has a calibre of 3.5 inches and an effective range of 450 meters, able to penetrate 330 mm of armour or 800 mm of concrete.
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The M102 is an American 105 mm calibre light-howitzer. It has a range of 11, 500 meters with standard ammunition and 15,100 meters with rap ammunition.
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The M114 is an American 155 mm calibre howitzer series first used during the Second World War. The m114a2 model has a range of 19,300 meters.
Research M114
The M119 is the American designation for the l119.
Research M119
The Hirtenberger M12-111 is a 120mm calibre Austrian heavy mortar first entering service in 1985. The mortar is normally mounted on a two-wheeled trailer for transportation, but can also be mounted inside an armoured personnel carrier. The
M12-111 fires a 14.5 kg bomb between 400 meters and 9000 meters with a rate of fire of up to 10 rounds-per-minute.
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The M139 is an American copy of the Oerlikon KAD (formerly known as the Hispano-Suiza HS 820) Swiss 20 mm calibre, gas-operated single-barrel cannon. The M139 has a rate of fire of 950 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1050 meters-per-second.
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The M168 is an American six-barrelled Gatling type automatic cannon based on the General Electric M61A1 Vulcan aircraft gun, but modified for ground use. The M168 takes a 20 mm cartridge and fires at a selectable rate of between 1000 and 3000 rounds per minute.
Research M168
The M18A1 was an American recoilless rifle first used at Okinawa in 1945 during the Second World War. The M18A1 was operated by a crew of two and took a 57 mm calibre round and had a maximum range of 3976 meters and an effective range of 450 meters and could penetrate 2 mm of armour.
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The M19 Mortar was an American 60 mm mortar developed in 1942 from the Mortar M1 during the Second World War. The M19 Mortar fired a M49A4 high explosive round to a minimum range of 45 meters and a maximum range of 1814 meters with a rate of fire of 8 rounds per minute, or 18 rounds per minute for short periods.
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The M1955 Cannon is a Yugoslavian blowback operated 20 mm automatic cannon similar to the Hispano-Suiza HS 804 cannon. The M1955 Cannon takes a 60-round drum magazine and fires at a cyclic rate of 800 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of 835 meters per second providing an effective anti-aircraft range of 1200 meters and an effective range against ground targets of 1200 meters able to penetrate 25 mm of armour at 1000 meters.
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The general Electric M197 is a lightweight three-barrelled variant of the M61A1 Vulcan 20 mm cannon optimised for fitting to helicopters. It has a rate of fire variable between 400 and 3000 rounds per minute and a muzzle velocity of 1030 meters per second.
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The M1A2 was an American 37 mm calibre anti-aircraft gun developed in the 1920s by Colt and adopted by the US Army in 1927, and produced from 1938 seeing service during the Second World War. The M1A2 had a rate of fire of 120 rounds-per-minute, an effective ceiling of 3200 meters and a muzzle velocity of 792 meters-per-second.
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The M20 Rocket Launcher (also known as the Super Bazooka) is an American smooth-bore, shoulder fired infantry anti-tank weapon that saw action during the Korean War. The M20 Rocket Launcher has a calibre of 89 mm and a maximum range against armour of 110 meters, and a maximum range of 1200 meters.
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The M224 is an American lightweight company mortar. It has a calibre of 60 mm and a range of 3,500 meters.
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M252 is the American designation for the British L16 mortar.
Research M252
The M29 is a family of American mortars.
Research M29
The M29A1 is an American mortar of the M29 family. It has a calibre of 81 mm and a range of 4,700 km. It has a sustained rate of fire of between 4 and 12 rounds-per-minute. The M29A1 is manned by a crew of five: 1) The squad leader stands behind the mortar where he can command and control his squad. In addition to supervising the emplacement, laying, and firing of the mortar, he supervises all other squad activities. 2) The gunner stands on the left side of the mortar where he can manipulate the sight, elevating gear handle, and traversing assembly wheel. He places firing data on the sight and lays the mortar for deflection and elevation. He and assistant gunner make large deflection shifts by shifting the bipod assembly. 3) The assistant gunner stands on the right of the mortar, facing the barrel and ready to load. In addition to loading, he is responsible for swabbing the bore after every 10 rounds have been fired or after each fire mission. He assists the gunner in shifting the mortar when making large deflection changes. 4) The first
ammunition bearer stands to the right rear of the mortar. He prepares the ammunition and passes it to the assistant gunner. 5) The second ammunition bearer is normally behind the mortar, maintaining the ammunition for firing, providing local security for the mortar position, filling sandbags, and performing other duties as the squad leader directs. He normally places out and retrieves the aiming post. The second ammunition bearer is also the squad truck driver. When his duties do not require him to be with the vehicle, he is used as an ammunition bearer (performing the same duties as the first ammunition bearer).
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The M3 81mm Mortar is a South African mortar based upon the French Hotchkiss-Brandt MO-81-61 mortar, adapted for local manufacture. The M3 81mm Mortar fires a 4.4 kg bomb between 100 meters and 5000 meters at a rate of fire of up to 15 rounds-per-minute.
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The M36 Mortar was a Soviet 82 mm calibre mortar of the Second World War. The M36 Mortar had a maximum range of 3100 meters.
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The M37 Mortar was a Soviet 82 mm calibre mortar of the Second World War, still being used in the 1970's. The M37 Mortar was a modification of the M36 Mortar, having a circular baseplate rather than a rectangular one. The M37 Mortar had a minimum range of 100 meters and a maximum range of 3000 meters.
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The M3A1 (Bradley) CFV is a variant of the M2A1 used by the American army in reconnaissance units. It carries a crew of three plus two infantry scouts used to load the twin TOW 2 launcher in the turret. The main gun is a 25 mm automatic chain gun for which 1200 rounds of APDS and HE ammunition are carried. 12 missiles are carried for the TOW missile launcher. The M3A1 has a top road speed of 66 kph.
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The M40 AA Cannon is a Swedish recoil operated automatic light anti-aircraft weapon. The M40 AA Cannon takes a 20 mm calibre cartridge from a drum magazine and fires with a cyclic rate of 360 rounds per minute at a muzzle velocity of 815 meters per second to a practical range of 1600 meters.
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The M40 Mortar was a Soviet 50 mm calibre mortar of the Second World War. The M40 Mortar had a maximum range of 800 meters.
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The M40A1 Recoilless Gun is an American 106 mm calibre cheap and effective anti-tank gun which can also be used in an anti-personnel role. The M40A1 Recoilless Gun has a 3400 mm long barrel and fires a 7.96 kg shaped charge at a muzzle velocity of 503 meters per second and has a maximum range of 7700 meters and can penetrate 150 mm of armour at up to 1350 meters.
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The M41 Mortar was a Soviet 50 mm calibre mortar of the Second World War. The M41 Mortar had a maximum range of 800 meters.
Research M41 Mortar
The M45 is a French ballistic missile by the Aerospatiale company. The propulsion system has three-stage solid fuel rocket motors producing hypersonic speed. The inertial control and guidance system is equipped with a Sagittaire digital computer supplied by Dassault Electronique. The missile carries a thermonuclear warhead, developed by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, with six Multiple Re-entry Vehicles (MRVs), each of 150 kT, in the TN-71 warhead. The range is 6,000 kilometres.
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The M47 (Dragon) is an American infantry anti-tank/assault missile (MAW - Medium Anti-Tank/Assault Weapon), first used in 1970. The M47 has a flight speed of 230 mph and a range of 1000 meters, being capable of penetrating 900 mm of reinforced concrete. The M47 is wire-guided by the operator. In 1980 the Dragon II missile was developed with an improved warhead for greater armour penetration, and around 1990 the Dragon III or SuperDragon was developed with a range of 1500 meters, increased flight speed and the ability to penetrate more than 500 mm of armour.
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The M48 (Chapparal) is an American forward area air-defence missile system. It launches surface-to-air missiles which use infrared homing to target heat emitter guidance. The missiles fly at a speed of mach 2.5 to a ceiling of 2,500 meters and a range of 4,800 meters.
Research M48
The M55A4B1 is a Yugoslavian 20 mm multiple cannon anti-aircraft gun derived from the Hispano-Suiza HS 804. The M55A4B1 fires 700 rounds per minute from a 60-round drum magazine to a range of 5500 meters.
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The M57 Anti-Tank Launcher is a Yugoslavian 44 mm calibre shoulder fired, infantry anti-tank launcher developed from the German Second World War Panzerfaust. The M57 Anti-Tank Launcher fires a HEAT projectile to an effective range of 200 meters and can penetrate 300 mm of armour.
Research M57 Anti-Tank Launcher
The M60 Recoilless Gun is a Yugoslavian lightweight, towed anti-tank gun. The M60 Recoilless Gun is operated by a crew of five, has a calibre of 82 mm and a range of 1500 meters, being able to penetrate 220 mm of armour.
Research M60 Recoilless Gun
The M65 Recoilless Gun is a Yugoslavian towed anti-tank gun. The M65 Recoilless Gun is a rifled gun with a calibre of 105 mm and a maximum HE range of 6000 meters, and an effective anti-tank range of 600 meters, being able to penetrate 330 mm of armour.
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The M67 Recoilless Rifle was an American shoulder fired, portable, infantry anti-tank weapon. The M67 Recoilless Rifle was operated by a crew of two, had a calibre of 90 mm and an effective range of 400 meters and fired the M371E1 fin stabilised HEAT round which had a shaped charge warhead.
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The Tampella M71 Mortar is a Finnish 81 mm calibre medium mortar. The M71 Mortar has a maximum range of 5000 meters and a rate of fire of 20 rounds per minute.
Research M71 Mortar
The M712 (copperhead) is an American cannon-launched guided projectile. It flies at supersonic speed and uses laser homing guidance to locate its target. It has a range of up to 10 miles.
Research M712
The M72A2 is an American LAW, lightweight, shoulder launched, self-contained anti-tank weapon consisting of a rocket packed in a launcher. It has a calibre of 66 mm and an effective range of 300 meters, penetrating 305 mm of steel plate. The original M72 LAW was found in Vietnam to have an unreliable electronic firing mechanism which was susceptible to the damp of a humid, jungle environment.
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The M72A3 is an American infantry anti-tank missile. It lacks a guidance system and is only usable up to 135 meters.
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The Tampella M73 Mortar is a Finnish 120 mm calibre heavy mortar. The M73 Mortar has a maximum range of 8000 meters and a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute. The M73 Mortar is effectively an enlarged M71 Mortar.
Research M73 Mortar
The M74 is a Yugoslavian 120 mm light mortar. The M74 is normally mounted on a light-weight two-wheeled carriage. the M74 fires a 12.6 kg bomb to a range of between 265 meters and 9055 meters with a rate of fire of up to 12 rounds-per-minute.
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The M79 is an American break open, single shot grenade launcher. The M79 fires 40 mm diameter grenades (such as the M406) to a range of 400 meters (accurate to a range of 150 meters) and has a rate of fire of 5 rounds-per-minute. The M79 is fitted with a blade foresight and an adjustable folding leaf rearsight.
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The M8 4.5 inch was an American rocket of the Second World War. Originally developed as a ground-attack rocket for aircraft, the M8 4.5 inch was developed for infantry use. The rockets were armed with a 1.95 kg high-explosive warhead and flew at a velocity of 259 meters-per-second to a range of 4200 meters.
Research M8 4.5 inch
The Krupp M96nA was a 77 mm calibre German field gun used during the Great War, and the standard field gun of the Bulgarian and Turkish armies. The M96nA fired a 6.85 kg shrapnel shell to a range of 7800 meters at a muzzle velocity of 465 meters-per-second.
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The Bolkow-Blohm Mamba is a German portable anti-tank missile developed as a successor to the Bolkow Bo 810 anti-tank missile. Mamba has a minimum range of 300 meters and a maximum range of 2000 meters, reaching its maximum range in 17.5 seconds. Mamba has interchangeable warheads, a shaped charge warhead for attacking armoured targets which is capable of penetrating 475 mm of armour, and an anti-tank fragmentation warhead which can penetrate 350 mm of armour and fragments and as such is useful against soft vehicle targets and infantry.
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The mangonel was an engine used in war for battering down walls and hurling missiles. It was worked by counterpoise and was very accurate.
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The Mathogo is a range of Argentine anti-tank missiles developed during the 1970's. The Mathogo is equipped with a HEAT warhead, offering an armour penetration of 400 mm at ranges between 400 m and 2 km or 3 km depending upon model. The Mathogo is manually guided to its target, flying at a speed of 90 meters per second.
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The MAW (Medium Anti-Tank/Assault Weapon system) was an American infantry shoulder-fired anti-tank and assault weapon developed during the 1960's by McDonnell as a replacement for the 90 mm recoilless rifle. MAW was developed to carry a warhead capable of destroying most contemporary armour and to have a range, accuracy and hit probability exceeding that of the 90 mm recoilless rifle. MAW employed a command-to-line-of-sight guidance system, the operator sighting the missile to the target through a telescopic sight and guidance information being transmitted through a wire to the missile in flight.
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The MCB-81 is a French 81 mm gun-mortar fitted to the turrets of some armoured cars, firing the standard French 81 mm mortar ammunition to a range of between 100 meters and 8000 meters at a rate of fire of up to 30 rounds-per-minute.
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The Mecar 90 mm Light Gun is a Belgian light-weight, low recoil gun designed primarily for anti-tank use, but also capable of firing other types of ammunition. The Mecar 90 mm Light Gun is particularly suited for mounting on light armoured vehicles and gun carriages. The Mecar 90 mm Light Gun has a 2900 mm long barrel and can fire a HEAT round to an effective range of 1000 meters (a maximum range of 3500 meters) with a muzzle velocity of 633 meters per second penetrating 350 mm of armour or 1200 mm of concrete.
A fragmentation ammunition is also available which has a maximum range of 4200 meters and a killing zone of 40 meters around the point of detonation.
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The Mecar Murola is a Belgian four-barrel portable disposable grenade launcher. The Mecar Murola fires 60 mm grenades to a distance of 400 meters with a launch velocity of 75 meters per second.
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The Mechem MGL is a South Africa revolver-type 40 mm calibre grenade launcher developed during the mid-1980s as a military weapon, it has since been extended to the security field and a range of anti-riot projectiles has been developed for this application. Loading is done by releasing the cylinder and swinging it out from the frame, where it can then be revolved to wind up a driving spring. The six chambers are then loaded with grenade cartridges and the cylinder locked back into the frame. The sight is an 'occluded eye' sight with which the user aims with both eyes open. A red spot in the sight is superimposed on the user's view, and aiming is simply a matter of placing the red spot in the target. The sight has a range finding element built in and provides accurate aiming past the 350 metres range of the weapon.
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Merlin is an 81 mm guided anti-tank mortar bomb fired by the L16 mortar. A millimetric wave seeker head detects armoured targets and steers the bomb to impact, giving the L16 mortar an impressive long range anti-tank capability.
Research Merlin
The Mauser MG 151/20 was a German 20 mm recoil operated disintegrating-link belt fed cannon fitted to aircraft during the Second World War. It fired high-explosive and anti-tank rounds at a rate of fire of 720 rounds-per-minute.
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The MGM-118 (Peacekeeper) is an American four-stage intercontinental ballistic missile with a range of over 8000 km and armed with ten independently targeted 50KT MIRV warheads.
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The Sperry Sergeant (US Army designation MGM-29A) was an American medium-range surface-to-surface field artillery guided solid-propellant missile first produced in 1961. The MGM-29A was 1051 cm long and had a range of between 46 km and 135 km.
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The Entac (US Military designation MGM-32A) was a French roll-stabilised wire-guided anti-tank missile system developed for infantry use and adopted for use by the French army in 1957, and also issued to the US, Canadian, Indonesian, Australian and other armies. The MGM-32A was a two-stage solid-propellant missile armed with a 4.1 kg shaped charge warhead capable of penetrating 650 mm of steel armour. The MGM-32A had a flight speed of 305 kmh and a range of between 400 and 2000 meters.
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The MGM-52 (Lance) is an American battlefield support missile developed in the 1960's by LTV. The original MGM-52 had a range of 48 km, later improved to a range of between 72 and 120 km depending upon the warhead and is carried by the m752 (m113) carrier. The missile flies at a speed of mach 3.
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The MGR-3 (Littlejohn) was an American compact, lightweight, highly-mobile surface-to-surface guided missile designed for use against area targets, rather than precise targets. The MGR-3 could be fitted with various warheads including nuclear. Development of the MGR-3 started in 1956. The MGR-3 had a range of 16 km.
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The Nord/Bolkow Milan is a joint British, German and French developed infantry wire-guided semi-automatic anti-tank weapon. Milan fires a 115 mm calibre missile with a 1.45 kg shaped charge warhead to an effective range of 2000 meters, at a flight speed of 720 kph and can penetrate more than 1000 mm of armour.
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The Mim-104 (Patriot) is an American surface to air missile system. The missiles fly at a speed of mach 3 to a range of 68 km.
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The MIM-14 (Nike Hercules) is an American Surface-to-Air missile first deployed in 1958 and formerly known as the SAM-N-25. The radar guided missile carries either a 510kg high-explosive conventional warhead or a W-31 10/ 20kT nuclear warhead and has a range of 155 km.
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The MIM-23 HAWK (Homing All-the-Way Killer) is an American surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile begun in 1952 and still used in 2001. The MIM-23 is a radar guided homing missile with a range of 40 km and armed with a 120 lb high-explosive continuous rod warhead.
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The MIM-3 (Nike Ajax) is an American Surface-to-Air missile first deployed in 1953 and formerly known as the SAM-A-7. The radar guided missile carries a high-explosive conventional warhead and has a range of 40 km.
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The minenwerfer was a German trench warfare weapon of the Great War, the fore-runner of the trench mortar. The original minenwerfers were complex short-range breech-loading howitzers, but these were gradually supplemented by simpler muzzle-loading mortars which took the same name.
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Miniman is a Swedish one-shot, disposable recoilless gun designed for infantry use against close-in tanks. Miniman comprises a 74 mm HEAT projectile containing 300 grams of explosive, together with its launching charge within a 900 mm long launching tube. Miniman has a range of 250 meters and can penetrate 340 mm of armour.
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The Minion was a British cannon with a 3.5-inch bore firing a 4 lb shot.
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Mistral is a French built autonomous short range anti-aircraft and anti-missile missile able to intercept in-coming sea-skimming missiles, fitted to some ships. The missiles are equipped with an infra-red homing head and have a 3 kg high explosive warhead loaded with tungsten balls. Range is 6 km.
Research Mistral
The 54-calibre Mk-45 is a US lightweight naval gun based on the older Mk-42, produced since 1971, that provides surface combatants accurate naval gunfire against fast, highly manoeuvrable surface targets, air threats and shore targets during amphibious operations. The Mk-45 has a range of 13 nautical miles and a rate of fire of between 16 and 20 rounds per minute automatic, firing a 5 inch calibre round from a 475 to 500 round magazine.
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The MK-75 is an Italian (and made under license in the USA) single barrel, lightweight, water-cooled, rapid fire, remote controlled, dual purpose automatic enclosed 76 mm calibre naval gun deployed on US naval vessels since 1978. It has a range of 18.4 km and a rate of fire of 80 rounds per minute automatic.
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The MK19-3 is an American automatic grenade launcher. It has a range of 1500 meters and a rate of fire of 325-375 rounds-per-minute.
Research MK19-3
The ML 2 inch Mortar was a British mortar used throughout the Second World War and continued in service until about 1981. The ML 2 inch Mortar went through various modifications, but generally was a steel tube barrel 356 mm long, increased to 543 mm long in the later models, a breach piece and a spade, and had a maximum range of 480 meters.
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The ML 3 inch Mortar was a British 3 inch calibre mortar introduced into service in 1936 and of use during the Second World War and until the 1960s when it was replaced in service by the 81 mm L16 mortar. The ML 3 inch Mortar fired a 10 lb bomb to a range of 1463 meters and the improved mark 2 model to a range of 2560 meters, with a rate of fire of up to 15 rounds per minute.
Research ML 3 inch Mortar
The ML-20 was a Soviet 152 mm gun-howitzer of the Second World War, developed during the 1930s. It fired a 96 lb high-explosive shell at a muzzle velocity of 655 meters-per-second and was capable of penetrating 110 mm of vertical armour at a range of 2000 metres. The ML-20 had a low rate of fire of two shots per minute, slow because of the multi-part loading shot and was equipped with a panoramic sight for indirect fire and a ST-10 telescopic sight for direct fire. It had a maximum direct fire range of 700 meters, and an indirect range of 17265 meters.
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The Mle 1950 was a French 155 mm calibre howitzer developed straight after the Second World War and used by several countries until the 1990s. The Mle 1950 fired a 43 kg high explosive shell to a range of 18000 meters with a muzzle velocity of 650 meters-per-second.
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The Aerospatiale MM 15 is a ship borne version of the AS 15 TT missile and is a lightweight, all weather weapon system designed for seeking out and attacking surface vessels. The missile carries a 30 kg warhead and flies at 280 meters-per-second to a range of 15 km.
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The Thomson-Brandt MO 120-60 is a French 120 mm calibre light mortar designed to provide firepower with simplicity and mobility. The MO 120-60 has a 1632 mm long barrel and a minimum range of 600 meters and a maximum range of 6610 meters with a rate of fire of 8 rounds per minute, or short bursts of 15 rounds per minute.
Research MO 120-60
The Thomson-Brandt MO 120-M65 is a French 120 mm calibre mortar forming a strengthened variation on the MO 120-60 mortar. The MO 120-M65 has a heavier barrel and is transported on a trolley equipped with pneumatic tyres. The MO 120-M65 has a minimum range of 500 meters and a maximum range using rocket-assisted ammunition of 9000 meters.
Research MO 120-M65
The Thomson-Brandt MO 120-RT-61 is a French 120 mm calibre rifled mortar. The MO 120-RT-61 fires 18.7 kg special projectiles to a maximum range of 13000 meters at a rate of fire of 10 - 12 rounds per minute and for short bursts at 15 - 20 rounds per minute. The MO 120-RT-61 has a 2080 mm long barrel weighing 114 kg and the whole mortar has to be towed by a vehicle.
Research MO 120-RT-61
The Thomson-Brandt MO 81-61 C is a French 81 mm calibre light mortar designed in 1961. The MO 81-61 C has a 1150 mm long barrel and a maximum range of between 5000 meters and 7200 meters depending upon the ammunition, and a sustained rate of fire of 12 - 15 rounds per minute.
Research MO 81-61 C
The Thomson-Brandt MO 81-61 L is a French 81 mm calibre light mortar designed in 1961. The MO 81-61 L has a 1450 mm long barrel and a maximum range of between 5000 meters and 7200 meters depending upon the ammunition, and a sustained rate of fire of 12 - 15 rounds per minute.
Research MO 81-61 L
The Model 01 Anti-Tank Gun was a Japanese 47 mm anti-tank gun made from 1942 during the Second World War. The Model 01 Anti-Tank Gun fired a 1.4 kg armour-piercing shell to an effective range of 1000 meters at a muzzle velocity of 823 meters-per-second and could penetrate 70 mm of armour at 500 meters.
Research Model 01 Anti-Tank Gun
A mortar is a machine for projecting a bomb via a high trajectory at a remote target. Mortars are believed to have been first used at Naples in 1435, and the first was made in England in 1543. A modem mortar bomb is stabilized in flight by means of tail fins. The high trajectory results in a high angle of attack and makes mortars more suitable than artillery for use in built-up areas or mountains; mortars are not as accurate, however. Artillery also differs in firing a projectile through a rifled barrel, thus creating greater muzzle velocity.
Mortars began to be developed when the trench lines came into use in the Great War, so that missiles could be pitched into the enemy trenches. The German minenwerfer was an early and complex design, but the archetypal early mortar was the British Stokes Gun designed by Sir Wilfrid Stokes in 1915. This simple trench howitzer was a tube with a fixed firing pin at the bottom end, into which a bomb carrying a blank shotgun cartridge and some smokeless powder was dropped. The cartridge hit the pin, ignited the powder, and blew the bomb from the barrel.
Mortars are generally classified as light (with a calibre up to 60 mm, and a maximum range of 500 to 2000 meters); medium (with a calibre between 60 mm and 100 mm and a maximum range of 2000 to 6000 meters) and heavy (with a calibre in excess of 100 mm and a maximum range typically up to 9000 meters).
Research Mortar
The Mortar M1 was an American 60 mm mortar made under license from the French firm Brandt during the Second World War. The Mortar M1 fired a 1.33 kg bomb to a range of 1815 meters at a rate of fire of up to 18 rounds-per-minute.
Research Mortar M1
The MECAR MPA 75 is a Belgian bi-tube infantry rocket launcher anti-tank weapon. The MPA 75 fires a 950 gram, 75 mm calibre rocket to an anti-tank range of 100 meters and can penetrate 270 mm of steel armour or 600 mm of concrete.
Research MPA 75
MR Trigat is a British medium range infantry laser guided anti-tank weapon. It has an effective range of 2000 meters and fires a tandem high-explosive hollow charge missile designed to defeat reactive armour.
Research MR Trigat
A murderer was a small anti-personnel cannon constructed either or brass or iron, mounted at the bulk-heads of the fore-castle, half-deck or steerage of a ship in order to clear the decks of borders. Murderers were in use on English ships from the 15th to the 18th centuries.
Research Murderer
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Abbreviations
Warfare
