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The SA-1 (Guild) was a Soviet surface-to-air missile introduced in the 1950s and used until the 1980s. The SA-1 had a range of 40 km and carried a 250 kg high-explosive fragmentation warhead.
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The V750KV (known in the West as SA-2) (NATO codename Guideline) was a Soviet two-stage surface-to-air missile introduced in the 1950s and first seen at the 1957 Soviet military parade. The SA-2 had a range of 40 km, an effective ceiling of 18300 metres and flew at a speed of Mach 3.5.
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The SA-3 (Goa) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile developed during the 1950s and first shown in public in 164. The SA-3 was developed as a low-level defence to accompany the SA-1 and SA-2 high-level defences. The SA-3 was a two-stage solid-propellant missile that had a range of 30 km and carried a 60 kg high-explosive warhead.
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The SA-5 (Gammon) is a Soviet long-range, high-altitude surface-to-air missile first observed in 1963, and developed as a replacement for the earlier SA-2 missile. The SA-5 has a range of 120 km.
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The SA-6 (Gainful) is a Soviet surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile developed in the early 1970s. The missile is carried on a tracked vehicle with a triple launcher on the roof. The SA-6 has a range of 24 km and is armed with a 56 kg warhead. The SA-6 saw action against Israeli aircraft during the Yom Kippur War in 1973.
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The SA-7 (Grail) is a light-weight Soviet man-portable, shoulder-launched infantry surface-to-air missile. The SA-7 was first seen in use in Egypt during the Six Day War where it proved fairly ineffective. It was later observed in action in Vietnam where it met with more success. The SA-7 is a 9.2 kg missile powered by a solid fuel, three-stage rocket motor and guided by a passive infra-red guidance system. The original SA-7 had a maximum range of 3.5 km, a later model had a range of 10 km and a flight speed of mach 1.
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The SA-8 (Gecko) is a Soviet short-range, all-weather surface-to-air missile first observed in 1975. It has a range of 15 km and a flight speed of mach 2.
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The SA-N-1 (Goa) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile developed in 1956. It has a range of 22 km.
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The SA-N-3 (Goblet) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile developed in 1967. It has a range of 55 km and a flight speed of mach 2.
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The SA-N-4 (Gecko) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile. It has a range of 15 km and a flight speed of mach 2.
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The SA-N-5 (Grail) is a light-weight Soviet surface-to-air missile deployed in light amphibious craft and capable of being shoulder launched by infantry. It has a range of 10 km and a flight speed of mach 1.
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The SA-N-6 (Grumble) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile. It has a range of 81 km and a flight speed of mach 3.
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The SA-N-7 (Gadfly) or Shtil is a Russian surface-to-air missile with a range of up to 25 kilometres against targets with speeds up to 830 metres per second.
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The SA-N-9 (Klinok) Gauntlet or Kynshal is a Russian ship borne air-defence missile system. The system comprises a ship borne computer control suite and an under-deck launcher with four drum-type launch modules each with eight missiles (total 32 missiles). The range is from 12 to 15 kilometres, and the target altitude is from 10 to 6,000 metres. The missile which is armed with a 15 kg warhead can engage targets up to a maximum target speed of 700 metres per second, engaging 4 targets simultaneously.
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The Saco M203 is an American 40 mm calibre blowback operated automatic grenade launcher capable of being fitted to a variety of rifles and also a simple supporting frame and stock for use by itself. The Saco M203 fires the 40 mm M406 high velocity grenade to a range of 1500 metres at a rate of fire of 350 rounds-per-minute fed from a 20 or 50-round link belt.
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The saker was a British cannon with a 3.5-inch bore firing a 5.5 lb shot.
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SAM is an abbreviation for surface-to-air-missile.
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The SAM-7 Strela is a Soviet infra-red seeking, infantry, anti-air missile with a maximum effective range of 3500 metres.
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SARPAC is a French portable rocket launcher primarily designed as an anti-tank weapon, but also useful against fortified positions. SARPAC comprises a 68 mm calibre launcher that fires a HEAT, HEAP or illuminating round. The HEAT round has an effective range of 200 metres and can penetrate 300 mm of armour. The HEAP round has an effective range of 700 metres.
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The SB-155/39 is a Spanish 155 mm calibre howitzer developed during the 1980s. The SB-155/39 fires a 43.5 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 24700 metres with a muzzle velocity of 800 meters-per-second.
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The SBAT-70 is a Brazilian ground firing rocket. The rockets are fired from a 32 tube launcher, and are armed with a 3.2 kg high-explosive warhead. They fly at a velocity of 700 meters-per-second to a range of 8500 metres.
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Sceneshifter was a British long-range railway gun built during the Great War and modified - being fitted with a naval gun - and issued to the Royal Marine Siege Regiment in 1939 at Dover. Sceneshifter was used to bombard German gun positions in the Calais area during the Second World War. Sceneshifter fired a 13.5 inch calibre 1250 lb shell to a range of 36.575 km. Three other identical guns were made named Piecemaker, Gladiator and Boche-Buster, and these were also positioned around Dover for defence during the Second World War.
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The Schiffskanone L/35 (Max E) was a 38 cm calibre German naval gun adapted for both railway and fixed barbette mounting and used during the Great War, including for the attack on Verdun in 1916. The Schiffskanone L/35 fired a 38 cm calibre 400 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 47.5 km.
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The SS-1C 'Scud-B' is a Soviet-produced single-stage surface-to-surface battlefield missile that can be armed with a nuclear, chemical, or conventional warhead. The Scud-B has a maximum range of 300 km.
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The SD-44 is a mobile version of the Soviet D-44 divisional gun used as an infantry support weapon. An engine and rudimentary steering system are fitted to the D-44 field gun to enable it to move around the battlefield.
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The sFH18 was a German howitzer developed during the 1920s. The sFH18 had a calibre of 150 mm and fired a 43.5 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 13250 meters, and in 1941 fired rocket-assisted shells (the first gun to do so) to a range of 19000 metres.
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The Sh-6-30 is a Soviet aircraft mounted gun firing HEFI rounds and AO-18 cartridges. The maximum fire rate is 5,000 rounds per minute and the muzzle velocity is 850 metres per second.
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Shillelagh (US Army designation MGM-51A) was an American close-support missile system developed to provide fire power against armour, troops and fortifications. Shillelagh entered service in 1967 and could be carried and fired from a combined gun/missile launcher on M551 light tank and other vehicles.
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The Short Blowpipe is a British one-man shoulder-fired infantry anti-aircraft missile system, and the first to be employed by the British army, being subsequently replaced by the Javelin system. The Short Blowpipe is a radio command guided missile powered by a two-stage solid fuel rocket motor and has a range of 3500 metres and fires a missile which is manually guided by radio command and travels at a speed of Mach 1.
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The sIG 33 was a German howitzer, classified as an infantry gun, first deployed in 1927 and used throughout the Second World War. The sIG 33 fired a 150 mm calibre 28.8 kg shell to a range of 4700 metres with a muzzle velocity of 240 meters-per-second.
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The silkworm is a Chinese anti-ship missile. Its range and speed are believed to be a range of 46 km and a flight speed of mach 0.9, but these are unconfirmed.
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The siren was a type of cannon firing a 60 lb shot.
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The SK C/30 was a 3.7 cm/L83 calibre German naval gun fitted to almost all German warships from 1934 and during the Second World War. It had a rate of fire of 160 rounds-per-minute and a range of 8500 meters, and an anti-aircraft ceiling range of 6800 metres.
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The SK C/33 was a German naval gun of 105 mm calibre designed during the 1930s and fitted to larger warships during the Second World War as an anti-aircraft gun. It had a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute and a range of 17700 metres. Its effective anti-aircraft ceiling was 12500 metres.
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The Skoda 305 mm Howitzer (Schlanke Emma or Slender Emma) was an Austro-Hungarian heavy gun of the Great War. Two were used by Germany to demolish fortifications in Liege, before being sent to the Eastern Front. The
Skoda 305 mm Howitzer fired a 380 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 12000 metres with a muzzle velocity of 340 meters-per-second.
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The Skoda M1915 was an Austro-Hungarian 75 mm calibre mountain gun introduced in 1915. The Skoda M1915 fired a 6.5 kg shrapnel shell to a range of 7000 metres and could be quickly dismantled into six pack loads.
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The Skoda Model 14 was an Austro-Hungarian medium field howitzer used during the Great War and the Second World War. The Skoda Model 14 had a calibre of 149 mm and fired a 42 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 8000 metres at a muzzle velocity of 350 meters-per-second.
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The Skoda vz 14/19 was a Czechoslovakian light howitzer of the 1920's and 1930's adapted from the Austro-Hungarian M1914 howitzer. The Skoda vz 14/19 was a 10 cm calibre weapon which fired a 16 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 9800 metres.
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The Skoda vz 36 was a Czech anti-tank gun produced from 1939 to 1940. It fired a 47 mm calibre armour piercing or high explosive shell to a maximum range of 4000 metres at a muzzle velocity of 775 meters-per-second and could penetrate 60 mm of armour at 1200 metres.
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The Sm-1 is an American surface-to-air missile. It has a range of 33 km and a flight speed of mach 2.
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The GDC Pomona Standard SM-1MR surface to air missile is a French semi-active radar homing missile with a range of 46 km at a flight speed of Mach 2; it is effective to a height of between 45 and 18288 metres.
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The Sm-2 is an American guided surface-to-air missile. It has a range of 59 km and a flight speed of mach 2. It uses an internal guidance system and is equipped with an auto-pilot for effectiveness against evasive targets.
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The SM-62 Snark (also known as the SSM-A-3 and the B-62) was an American Intercontinental Cruise Missile developed in 1946, deployed in 1960 and retired from service in 1961. It carried a W-39-Y1 1MT nuclear warhead and had a range of 8800 km.
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The SM58-61 is a Finnish heavy recoilless anti-tank gun. The SM58-61 is a 95 mm calibre weapon mounted on a two-wheeled carriage for towing and firing. the SM58-61 has a 3200 mm long barrel and fires HEAT and HE rounds with a muzzle velocity of 615 and 400 metres per second respectively to an effective range of 1000 metres and 2000 metres respectively (HE rounds can be fired indirectly to 5000 meters). The SM58-61 can penetrate 300 mm of armour and can fire 8 rounds per minute.
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The SMAW (Shoulder-launched Multi-purpose Assault Weapon) is an American infantry rocket launcher designed as both an anti-tank weapon and a weapon for attacking hard targets, such as bunkers. The SMAW fires an 83 mm calibre rocket to a range of 500 metres and can penetrate more than 600 mm of armour.
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Snapper was the NATO codename for the Soviet 3M6 infantry wire-guided light anti-tank missile of the 1960's. Snapper was 113 cm long, with a body diameter of 14 cm and was carried on a quadruple launcher on the GAZ-69 light cross-country vehicle and later on a triple mounting on BRDM armoured vehicles. Snapper had a range of between 500 metres and 2700 metres and flew at a speed of 323 kmh. Snapper was armed with a hollow charge warhead and could penetrate 1350 mm of armour.
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The 2S9 SO-120 (Anemone) is a Soviet self propelled mortar based on the BMP chassis mounted with a 120 mm breech-loading mortar which can fire indirectly or directly using a laser rangefinder. It carries a crew of four and has a top speed of 38 mph.
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The Soltam 120 mm Mortar is an Israeli heavy infantry mortar which fires a 12.6 kg bomb to a range of 6500 metres.
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The Soltam 60mm Commando Mortar is an Israeli light mortar. The Soltam 60mm Commando Mortar has a 533 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 100 metres and a maximum range of 900 metres. The Soltam 60mm Commando Mortar is a much simplified and lightened version of the Soltam 60mm Standard Mortar, has no bipod and is designed to be carried and operated by a single soldier.
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The Soltam 60mm Long Range Mortar is an Israeli light mortar. The Soltam 60mm Long Range Mortar has a 940 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 250 metres and a maximum range of 4000 metres.
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The Soltam 60mm Standard Mortar is an Israeli light mortar. The Soltam 60mm Standard Mortar has a 739 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 2555 metres.
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The Soltam M-64 Long Barrel Mortar is an Israeli 81 mm mortar. The Soltam M-64 Long Barrel Mortar has a 1455 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 4660 metres. The Soltam M-64 Long barrel Mortar fires a 4 kg bomb containing 540 grams of TNT high explosive or smoke filling. The Soltam M-64 Long Barrel Mortar is the standard model of the four Soltam M-64 81 mm mortars.
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The Soltam M-64 Long Range Mortar is an Israeli 81 mm mortar. The Soltam M-64 Long Range Mortar has a 1560 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 6500 metres. The Soltam M-64 Long Range Mortar fires a 4 kg bomb containing 540 grams of TNT high explosive or smoke filling. The Soltam M-64 Long Range Mortar sacrifices the mobility of the 'standard' Soltam M-64 Long Barrel model for the benefit of enhanced range.
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The Soltam M-64 Short Barrel Mortar is an Israeli 81 mm mortar. The Soltam M-64 Short Barrel Mortar has a 1155 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 4100 metres. The Soltam M-64 Short Barrel Mortar fires a 4 kg bomb containing 540 grams of TNT high explosive or smoke filling.
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The Soltam M-64 Split Barrel Mortar is an Israeli 81 mm mortar. The Soltam M-64 Split Barrel Mortar has a 1455 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 4660 metres. The Soltam M-64 Split Barrel Mortar fires a 4 kg bomb containing 540 grams of TNT high explosive or smoke filling. The Soltam M-64 Split Barrel Mortar has a two-part barrel and is designed to offer greater mobility than that provided by standard 81 mm mortars, particularly when being transported by foot or in small vehicles.
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The Soltam M-65 is an Israeli 120 mm mortar. The Soltam M-65 has a 1960 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 600 metres and a maximum range of 6500 meters, and a rate of fire of 5 rounds per minute.
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The Soltam M-66 is an Israeli 160 mm mortar. The Soltam M-66 has a 2850 mm long barrel, a minimum range of 600 metres and a maximum range of 9600 meters, and a rate of fire of between 5 and 8 rounds per minute. The Soltam M-66 is a substantial piece of artillery, weighing 1700 kg and firing a 40 kg bomb containing 5 kg of TNT high explosive.
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The Soltam M68 is an Israeli split-trail gun-howitzer of 155 mm calibre. The Soltam M68 fires a 43.7 kg high-explosive shell to a range of 23500 metres at a muzzle velocity of 820 meters-per-second.
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The SPG-82 is a Soviet rocket launcher that saw action during the Korean War. The SPG-82 is mounted on a pair of wheels and fitted with a light shield. The SPG-82 is operated by a crew of two, has a calibre of 82 mm, and has an effective range of 275 meters, capable of penetrating 230 mm of armour.
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The SPG-9 is a Soviet lightweight, recoilless anti-tank gun. The SPG-9 is a 73 mm calibre, rocket assisted weapon usually carried by a team of two, and mounted onto a tripod for firing. The SPG-9 has a muzzle velocity of 435 metres per second (700 metres per second with rocket assistance) and a range of 1300 metres and can penetrate 390 mm of armour.
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Spigot is the nickname for the Russian AT-4 anti-tank guided missile.
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The SS-10 (Scrag) was a Soviet three-stage intercontinental ballistic missile first observed in 1965, but abandoned in favour of the SS-9.
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The SS-11 (Sego) was the standard Soviet nuclear deterrent missile against the impending American invasion during the Cold War and was first deployed in the early 1970s. The SS-11 had a range of 10600 km and carried three 300KT MIRV nuclear warheads.
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The SS-12 (Scaleboard) was a Soviet battlefield support missile carried on an 8x8 transport. The SS-12 had a range of 900 km and carried a nuclear warhead.
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The SS-13 (Savage) was a Soviet three-stage solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile deployed in 1969. The SS-13 had a range of 8000 km and carried a 600 KT nuclear warhead.
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The SS-14 (Scapegoat) was a Soviet mobile intercontinental ballistic missile comprised of the two upper stages of the SS-13 missile mounted on a modified JS III tank chassis.
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The SS-15 (Scrooge) was a Soviet mobile intercontinental ballistic missile employing a tracked transporter-erector similar to that used by the SS-14.
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The SS-17 (Spanker) was a Soviet two-stage, storable liquid propellant intercontinental ballistic missile produced as a replacement for the SS-11. The SS-17 had a range of 11000 km and carried a 3.6 MT nuclear warhead or four 75 KT MIRV nuclear warheads.
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The SS-18 (Satan) was a Soviet two-stage liquid propellant intercontinental ballistic missile with a range of 16000 km and armed with a variety of warheads: one 25 MT nuclear warhead or one 20 MT nuclear warhead or 8-10 1 MT MIRV warheads or ten 500 KT nuclear warheads.
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The SS-19 (Stiletto) was a Soviet two-stage liquid propellant intercontinental ballistic missile designed as a replacement for the SS-11. The SS-19 had a range of 10000 km and carried a 4.3 MT nuclear warhead or four or six 200 KT MIRV nuclear warheads.
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The SS-20 is a Soviet two-stage, solid-fuel ballistic missile with a range of 5000 km and armed with three 150 KT MIRV nuclear warheads.
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The SS-21 (Scarab) is a Soviet intertially guided missile carried on the ZIL-5937 6x8 TEL vehicle. The SS-21 was introduced in 1976 as a replacement for the FROG series of unguided battlefield missiles, and offers considerable accuracy to a range of 200 km. The SS-21 can be fitted with a 10-, 100-kiloton nuclear warhead or a conventional high explosive or chemical warhead.
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The SS-23 (Spider) was a Soviet short range road mobile ballistic missile first deployed in 1980 and retired in 1991 under the INF treaty. It had a range of 500 km.
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The SS-4 (NATO codename Sandal or Shyster) was a Soviet medium-range ballistic missile based upon the German V2 rocket of the Second World War and first issued in 1958 and phased out from 1977 onwards. The SS-4 had a range of 2000 km, a flight speed of Mach 6.5 and carried a high-explosive or 1 MT nuclear warhead.
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The SS-5 (Skean) was a Soviet long-range ballistic missile developed from the SS-4. The SS-5 was first deployed in the 1960s and was decommissioned in the 1970s and 1980s. The SS-5 had a range of 3500 km and carried a 1 MT nuclear warhead.
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The SS-8 (Sasin) was a Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile first observed in 1964. The SS-8 had a range of 11000 km.
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The SS-9 (Scarp) was an enormous Soviet three-stage intercontinental ballistic missile first deployed during the 1960s. The SS-9 had a range of 12000 km and carried a nuclear warhead.
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The SS-N-15 (Starfish) is a Russian 533 mm calibre anti-ship missile capable of being fitted with a 20 kT warhead or a type 40 torpedo, and has a range of 45 kilometres.
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The SS-N-16 (Stallion) is a Russian 650 mm calibre anti-ship missile capable of being fitted with a 20 kT warhead or a type 40 torpedo, and has a range of 100 kilometres.
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The SS-N-20 (Sturgeon) or RSM-52, is a Russian intercontinental, three stage solid propellant ballistic missile consisting of 10 independently targetable multiple re-entry vehicles (MIRV's), each with a 100 kiloton nuclear warhead. Guidance is inertial with stellar reference updating. Range is 8,300 km with accuracy (CEP) of 500 m. The missile weighs 84,000 kg at launch. The SS-N-20 missile was designed by the Makayev Design Bureau.
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The SS-N-21 (Sampson) or Granat is a Russian land attack missile with a range of about 3000 kilometres and delivers a 200 kT warhead and uses inertial guidance and terrain following guidance.
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The SS-N-22 (Sunburn) or Moskit 3M80E is a Russian sea-skimming anti-ship missile with velocity Mach 2.5 and armed with a 300 kg high explosive warhead or a nuclear 200 kiloton warhead. The range is from 10 to 120 kilometres. The launch weight is 4,000 kg. The missile is an autonomous system with terminal homing, operating on the fire and forget principle.
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The SS-N-2a (Styx) is a Soviet anti-ship missile. It has a range of 46 km and a flight speed of mach 0.9. It carries a 1100lb warhead.
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The SS-N-2C is a Soviet anti-ship missile. It has a range of 80 km and a flight speed of mach 0.9. The SS-N-2c is an updated version of the SS-N-2a, and includes sea skimming abilities for avoiding detection by radar.
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The SS10 anti-tank weapon system was a French infantry anti-tank weapon used by the Isreali army in their conflict with Egypt in 1956. The SS10 consisted of a two-stage solid propellant rocket motor armed with a high-explosive warhead containg 5.5 kg of explosive charge. The SS10 was launched from a simple ramp launcher and manually tracked to its target over a range of 1500 metres.
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The SS11 is a French wire guided infantry anti-tank system comprising a wire-guided missile launched from either a vehicle or a ramp, and has also been installed in helicopters. The SS11 has a 1210 mm long two stage solid propellant rocket which flies at a cruising speed of 155 metres per second and has a minimum range of 350 metres and a maximum range of 3000 metres and can penetrate more than 550 mm of armour.
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SS11
The SS11 anti-tank weapon system was a French infantry line-of-sight wire guided anti-tank weapon. The SS11 consisted of a two-stage solid propellant rocket motor armed with various warheads. The SS11 was usually installed on helicopters and had a range of 3000 metres and could penetrate 600 mm of armour.
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The Nord SS12 is a French surface-to-surface wire-guided, spin stabilised missile developed from the SS11. The SS12 has a range of 20,000 metres was armed with a 30 kg warhead and was carried on ships and battlefield vehicles. The AS12 is an air-to-surface variation for arming aircraft.
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The SSBS S-3 is a French two-stage, medium-range, surface-to-surface nuclear missile developed in 1973. The SSBS S-3 carries a 1.2 MT warhead and has a range of 3500 km.
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Starstreak is a British surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile system which may be shoulder-fired or vehicle mounted. Starstreak fires three warheads simultaneously to a range of 7 km.
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The Stokes Gun was a British simple type of trench howitzer or trench mortar designed by Sir Wilfrid Stokes in 1915. The Stokes Gun consisted of a weldless steel barrel at an approximate angle of 45 degrees, reduced at the breech end and closed with a cap which terminated in a ball and internally carried a pointed striker. In the upper part of the barrel a sliding pin was arranged, which could be withdrawn by pulling a lanyard. The barrel was supported at its upper end on two struts, provided with screw adjustment for slight alteration of the elevation. The bomb or shell for the Stokes Gun consisted of a cylindrical case containing a charge of high explosive and equipped with an impact fuse. At the lower end was a tubular extension perforated with a number of holes. This extension accommodated a 12-bore sporting cartridge filled with propellant.
The bomb was placed in the mouth of the barrel of the Stokes Gun and rested upon the sliding pin until the lanyard was pulled, where upon the bomb slid down the barrel, and the cap of the cartridge struck against the point of the striker and was exploded. The gas generated by the propellant blew the bomb out of the gun. The cartridge-case was ejected with the bomb, so that as soon as one shot was fired another bomb could be put in. If rapid fire was desired, it was usual to lock the sliding pin in the 'fire' position, and bombs merely def into the muzzle and allowed to drop. Under such conditions it was possible to fire some 40 shots per minute. The original Stokes Gun had a bore of approximately three inches (76 mm) and the bombs weighed about 20 lb (9 kg) each, but later howitzers on the same principle were constructed up to 9.5 inches (240 mm) bore throwing bombs weighing 150 lb (68 kg) and from the Stokes Gun developed the modern mortar.
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The Stokes-Brandt M1935 Mortar was a French 60 mm calibre light mortar developed during the 1930's. The Stokes-Brandt M1935 Mortar had a 700 mm long barrel and a maximum range of 1760 metres. The Stokes-Brandt M1935 Mortar was license built in the USA as the M2 Mortar and used during the Second World War.
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A stone-mortar was a kind of large mortar formerly used in sieges for throwing a mass of small stones short distances.
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The Strix is a Swedish 120 mm calibre anti-tank guided mortar projectile developed by Bofors in conjunction with Saab Missiles as a means for infantry to attack armour not within a direct line of sight. The Strix weighs 18.2 kg, is infra-red seeking, has a range of 7500 metres and can penetrate more than 700 mm of armour.
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The BAC Swingfire is a British wire-guided anti-tank weapon developed in 1962 and first produced in 1967. Swingfire has a minimum range of 150 metres and a maximum range of 4000 metres and can be launched by an operator sited up to fifty metres from the launch vehicle.
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Abbreviations
Warfare
