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Wad is a hydrated manganese dioxide, occurring in brownish black, earthy masses. It is used as a pigment and was formerly used in the preparation of chlorine.
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In computing, a wait state is a signal sent to the processor telling it to wait before sending more data. Originally wait states were introduced for processors in personal computers with the then new AT data bus which although faster than the old PC data bus quickly became a bottleneck as processors became faster, too fast for the data bus and connected expansion boards.
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Water is a liquid oxide of hydrogen. It exists in nature as solid ice or snow; in the liquid form in oceans, lakes, streams; and as a vapour in the atmosphere. As a true vapour it is invisible, but condensing becomes visible as mist, fog, cloud, rain or dew. In addition water is contained within the earth in enormous quantity; and the underground water is a great store which we use when it issues in springs or which can be reached in some cases by wells and borings.
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In chemistry, water of crystallization is water present in the crystal of a hydrate.
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Prior to 1817, water pipes carrying water under the streets to the houses in towns and cities in Britain were made of elm logs, with a hole bored through them. These water pipes were no more than 180 mm in internal bore, leaked greatly at the joints, resulting in a need for several pipes to be laid side-by-side and also only low water pressure being available and the leakage causing major damage to the roads. In 1817, during the house building boom, the City of London decreed that subsequently all water pipes were to be made of cast iron. The new water pipes could be made with a larger bore, had tightly fitting joints which did not leak, and as a result higher water pressure could be supplied with less damage to the roads above. This increased water pressure meant that water could be delivered to the upper storeys of houses where the newly invented faucet tap was installed, and the modern bathroom was invented. The cast iron water pipes themselves gave way to steel pipes at the start of the 20th century, and these in turn to concrete, pottery and plastic.
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Water-glass or soluble glass is an aqueous solution of sodium or potassium silicate. Upon exposure to the air water-glass solidifies, and is used for painting frescoes, as a fire-retardant paint and for pickling eggs.
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Wax is a solid fatty substance.
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In computing, web caching is the temporary storage of files, such as HTML documents and images, by a computer for later retrieval. Web caching provides reduced bandwidth consumption, because there are fewer requests and responses transmitted over the network, reduced requests to the individual servers, and faster responses files as for cached requests are available immediately, and are closer to the user. Web caching takes various forms. The simplest is the cache often present in the software used by the user on their own computer for retrieving web pages, the web browser. Further along the network are proxy caches and on some servers server caches which reduce the number of requests made to the actual web server software program. Typically, most internet service providers (ISPs) utilise a proxy cache to greatly reduce the network traffic from their computers to the rest of the network. It has been reported that in some cases a proxy cache can issue as many as 80% of requested files.
In practise, if two or more users from an ISP, such as perhaps Comcast, both try to access the same web site during a short period of time, perhaps on the same day, the web site files will be transferred along the network to the ISP on the first request, taking a little time, but the second and subsequent users will be served the files straight from the ISP proxy cache, without the need to fetch the files again from the remote web site server.
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The Webalizer is a fast, free http server log file analysis computer program available for the Windows, Mac OS and Linux operating systems. The Webalizer produces highly detailed, easily configurable usage reports in HTML format, for viewing with a standard web browser. The generated reports contain both tabular information and graphs and are suitable for internal management reporting, but probably not of the professional quality required for supplying to customers or prospective customers. The reports generated include geographical information about visitors based upon domain name.
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WebLog Expert by Alentum Software is a powerful and very easy to configure http server (web server) access log analyser computer program for the Windows operating system. WebLog Expert provides the web site administrator with information about the web site's visitors including geographical location based upon IP address traced through the Whois registration data, activity statistics, accessed files, paths through the site, information about referring pages, search engines, browsers, operating systems, and more. The program analyses the log files of both the Apache and IIS http servers, and can extract data from GZ and ZIP archives. WebLog Expert produces easy-to-read HTML or PDF format reports that include both text information in tables and graphs. Early versions of WebLog Expert suffered from being very memory hungry, but with version 4 this problem was overcome enabling a larger quantity of log file data to be analysed.
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 More information about WebLog Expert
WebSnake is a powerful offline browser designed exclusively for Windows 95/NT. In addition to offering offline browsing, WebSnake is unique in that it uses Intermark's proprietary 'intelligent pull' technology to search and retrieve files from the World Wide Web. WebSnake supports the mirroring of Web sites (including directory structure), the retrieval of email addresses, site maps, and advanced file search capabilities. WebSnake also supports the industry standard File Transfer Protocol (FTP). The WebSnake wizard will take you through the process of creating and running a
WebSnake project from scratch. Just select one of five project types, provide a URL, and WebSnake will do the rest. Also included are bookmark importing, JavaScript parsing, a few Netiquette enhancements, and internal Web page compression.
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WebTable is a computer program for the IBM PC that automates the process of translating Web data into user data by translating a saved Web page file into a set of tab-delimited files that can be imported into a spreadsheet or database. The Web table information is filtered and translated into printable text. The program can display the contents of each translated file for proper identification. This version of WebTable adds more user options, including command-line processing, and includes various fixes.
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Web Whacker is an offline browser for the IBM PC. It puts the Web pages directly on your hard drive so you can view them when you want. WebWhacker 2000 has features such as automatic scheduler, pause and resume, monitor websites for changes, filtering, import bookmarks, link checker and much more.
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Welding is the process of joining two pieces of metal together by hammering, pressure or fusion.
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White lead is a basic carbonate of lead once used as a pigment, and forming one of the basic pigments used in the painting and decorating trade for many years. The best quality is prepared by the Dutch process, in which sheets or grids of pure lead are placed in pots containing a little dilute acetic acid. A number of these pots are stacked in a heap, surrounded by horse manure for several months. Lead acetate forms and can then be converted into the basic carbonate. It went out of fashion as a pigment due to its toxicity and high cost.
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In audio engineering, white noise is a random noise that contains an equal amount of energy per frequency band. That is, 100-200, 800-900, and 3000-3100. Pink noise has an equal amount of energy per octave. The bands 100-200, 800-1600, and 3000-6000 all contain the same amount of energy.
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White Spirit is a solvent produced by the distillation of crude petroleum. White spirit largely replaced turpentine as a solvent used in the paint trade owing to its similar characteristics and lower price.
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Whiting is a material produced by grinding and pulverising natural chalk.
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Will-o'-the-wisp or Jack-Dandy is a popular name for Ignis Fatuus, and is a pale flickering flame sometimes seen over marshes, caused by the combustion of methane gas in the marsh.
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A winch is a machine, the essential part of which consists of a drum driven by hand or powered through gearing, and used to receive a rope which is wound upon it.
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A windlass is a device consisting of a cylinder to which is attached one end of a rope or chain which is wound onto the cylinder by means of a crank or motor.
Windlass are typically used for raising and lowering buckets into traditional wells.
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A windmill is a machine for grinding corn, pumping water etc., deriving its power from the pressure of the wind on its sails.
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Windows 2000 was a personal computer operating system built on Windows NT technology and the easy-to-use, then familiar Windows 98 user interface, Windows 2000 Professional helped business users be more productive. Integrated Web capabilities and broad support for mobile computers and hardware devices make Windows 2000 the easy way for business users to connect to the Internet anywhere and anytime. And its rock-solid reliability and improved manageability simplify desktop management for IT professionals.
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Wolfram is another name for the element tungsten.
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Wood alcohol (wood naptha or wood spirit) is a crude alcohol possessing good solvent properties and is highly toxic. Wood alcohol is sometimes used in paint strippers.
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Wood's metal is a fusible alloy consisting of 50 per cent bismuth, 25 percent lead, 12.5 per cent tin and 12.5 per cent cadmium.
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In computing, the term word describes a two-byte (sixteen bit) block of memory. In audio engineering the term word describes one sample of audio data.
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In audio engineering a wordclock is a sync pulse which allows devices to determine where the start of each digital word is. When multiple digital devices are connected together, it is vital that each device knows where a digital word starts and stops. Otherwise dropout or distortion may result. Although most digital interconnect protocols are self-clocking, it is more reliable to use a dedicated line for your wordclock signal. This is especially important in a multitrack environment where up to eight channels of digital data may be multiplexed on one cable.
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WordPerfect Office is a groupware computer program. It is a network version of WordPerfect Library. Office's calendar facility is similar to an electronic day-planner and displays a nine-week calendar with appointment list, prioritised to-do list, and memo window. To aid in group time management, the program's scheduler compares the calendars of each group member using Office, and displays the possible times they are available. Once you select the time and date of the group members you want to schedule appointments with, Office notifies them. They can either accept, reject, or temporarily ignore the notification; Office notifies the initiator of an acceptance. You can also use Office to schedule resources such as conference rooms or slide projectors. The electronic mail facility lets you send, receive, forward, reply, or print messages to individuals or groups. The package provides automatic message notification and lets you check the status of a message at any time.
The program's shell facility lets you switch from one program to another or transfer data between programs. Office's work log lets you keep track of time and/or keystrokes used on a particular project which is useful for client-billing procedures. Office is set apart from other networking utility programs that offer only one or two of its capabilities.
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A worm-gear is an arrangement of a toothed wheel driven by a revolving spiral (a worm). Such arrangements are used where low speed is acceptable and a large amplification of power is required.
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