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The PAC/AMF P-1 Mushshak is a Swedish-designed Pakistani three-seater primary/basic flying trainer aircraft with armament training and counter-insurgency capabilities. The PAC/AMF P-1 Mushshak entered service in 1976 and is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO-360-A1B6 flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 365 kmh and an endurance of five hours ten minutes flying time. The PAC/AMF P-1 Mushshak can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on six under-wing hard points.
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The Curtiss Warhawk (P-40) was a series of American single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber aircraft of the Second World War. Production started in 1939 and from then until December 1944, when the Warhawk was withdrawn from production it was the subject of continuous development and served in the air forces of the Allies in practically every theatre of the war. Warhawks were used by twenty-eight Allied and friendly nations. In Britain, the early model Warhawks were known as the Tomahawk and the later models, Kittyhawk. The maximum speed of the P-40F (middle of the series) version was a top speed of 582 kmh and a normal range of 976 km and a maximum range of 1920 km when fitted with auxiliary fuel tanks.
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The P-40B was a development of the Curtiss Warhawk, P-40 single-seat fighter aircraft. It was fitted with pilot armour, a bullet-proof windscreen and had its armament increased to two machine-guns in each wing and leak proof fuel tanks.
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The Curtiss Warhawk P-40D was a fighter-bomber development of the P-40 fitted with a new engine which allowed the fuselage to be shortened by six inches. The synchronised fuselage machine-guns were abandoned and shackles under the fuselage fitted to carry a fuel tank or 300-500 lb bomb. Racks under the outer wings were fitted to carry six 20 lb bombs.
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The Curtiss Warhawk P-40E (Kittyhawk IA) was similar to the P-40D but had the armament increased to three machine-guns in each wing.
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The Republic P-43 Lancer was an American single seat fighter aircraft of the Second World War, entering service in early 1941. It was armed with four .50 inch calibre machine-guns and carried six 20 lb. Bombs. A Pratt and Whitney R-1830-57 Twin Wasp radial engine of 1200 hp provided a top speed of 356 mph and a range of 1046 km.
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The Republic Thunderbolt P-47 was an American single-seater long-range fighter and fighter/bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The Republic Thunderbolt
P-47 was a cantilever monoplane used as a standard fighter by the USAAF and also supplied to Britain, Russia, France and Brazil. The Republic Thunderbolt P-47D was powered by a Pratt and Whitney R-2800-59 Double-Wasp 18-cylinder air-cooled supercharged engine providing a top speed of 704 kmh. Armaments consisted of four 0.50 inch calibre machine-guns mounted in each wing, two 1000 lb bombs carried one under each wing and one 500 lb bomb carried under the fuselage or ten 5-inch calibre rockets, five under each wing. Auxiliary fuel tanks could be carried under the wings and fuselage in place of ordnance.
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The PA-48 is an American single-seat close air support aircraft.
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The Pacific Airmotive Corporation PAC Tradewind was an American twin-engined light transport aircraft based on the Beechcraft Expeditor aircraft of the Second World War. The PAC Tradewind was a cantilever low-wing monoplane powered by two Pratt and Whitney R-985-AN-4 or two Pratt and Whitney R-985-AN-14B Wasp Junior radial air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 386 kmh and a range of 3220 km depending upon payload. The PAC Tradewind carried a pilot and up to ten passengers plus 136 kg of baggage. A Turbo model, the Turbo-Tradewind powered by two Pratt and Whitney PT6A turboprops was also produced.
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The Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm PAH-1 (BO 105P) is the German army two-seater anti-tank helicopter variant of the BO 105 series. It is armed with the provision for one Rheinmetall HBS 202 fixed under-fuselage 20 mm cannon system, or for one side-mounted Emerson Flexible Turret System with a 7.62 mm General Electric GAU-2/A Minigun and up to 1000 kg of disposable stores carried on two hard points, one on each side of the fuselage on outriggers, typically comprising six Euromissile HOT anti-tank missiles or eight Hughes BGM-71 TOW ant-tank missiles.
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The Pajtas was a Hungarian two-seater side-by-side advanced trainer aircraft of the 1950's. The Pajtas was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction powered by a Hirth HM 504A four-cylinder inline inverted air-cooled engine.
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The Panelinha was a Brazilian two-seater side-by-side light aircraft built by students and first flown in 1963 before later being used as a glider tug. The Panelinha was a strut-braced high-wing monoplane of fabric-covered steel tube construction powered by a Continental C145-2 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 210 kmh.
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The Parabellum MG17 was a German machine-gun produced by Deutsche Waffen and Munitionswerke from 1916 to 1918, based on the Maxim but lighter for use on aircraft and as an infantry weapon. The Parabellum MG17 was chambered for the 7.92 mm Mauser cartridge which it took from a 250-round cloth belt and fired at a rate of 700 rounds per minute. The original gun was produced for use as an observer's gun in aircraft, a second version produced in 1918 as an infantry weapon had a thinner barrel and a fitting beneath the receiver for a bipod or tripod.
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The Partenavia P.64 Oscar was an Italian four-seater light monoplane first flown in 1965). The Partenavia P.64 Oscar was a braced high-wing monoplane of mixed construction powered by a Lycoming O-360-A1A four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 1300 km.
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The C.A.P. 4 Paulistinha was a Brazilian two-seater, light, primary trainer and touring monoplane of the early 1940's. The Paulistinha was a high-wing, braced monoplane constructed of tubular-steel, fabric and light wood. It was powered by a Franklin 4-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine rated at 65 hp providing a top speed of 155 kmh and range of 500 km. The Paulistinha had an enclosed cabin with full dual controls arranged in tandem with space for luggage at the rear of the cabin.
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The Neiva Paulistinha 56 is a Brazilian two-seater light aircraft. The Paulistinha 56 is a braced high-wing monoplane of mixed construction powered by either a Continental C90-8F/12F or Lycoming O-320-A1A four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine depending upon model, providing a top speed of 160 or 220 kmh respectively and a range of 900 km.
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The Payen PA49 was a French experimental, single-seater, jet-propelled delta-wing research aircraft first flown in 1954. The Payen PA49 was a delta-wing monoplane of wooden construction powered by a Turbomeca Palas turbojet providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 450 km.
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The Pazmany PL-1 Chien-shou is an American-designed Taiwanese two-seater primary flying trainer aircraft designed in America as the Pazmany PL-1 Laminar, a two-seater light plane for home construction by aviation enthusiasts, and first flown in 1962. In 1968 the Taiwanese air force built one and subsequently adopted the Pazmany PL-1 for use. The Taiwanese air force Pazmany PL-1 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a Textron Lycoming O-320-E2A flat-four piston engine providing a top speed of 241 kmh and a range of 649 km.
The original home build PL-1 was designed to be powered by a Continental C90-12F four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 193 kmh and a range of 965 km.
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The Petlyakov PE-2 was a Russian long-range fighter, low-level attack and dive-bomber aircraft of the Second World War. The Petlyakov PE-2 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of all-metal construction powered by two M-105R 12-cylinder Vee liquid-cooled engines providing a top speed of 540 kmh. The Petlyakov PE-2 carried a crew of three and was variously armed with four 7.62 mm machine-guns, two fixed in the nose of the fuselage, one upper gun and one retractable lower machine-gun; alternatively two 12.7 mm machine-guns and two 7.62 mm machine-guns. In addition a bomb-bay beneath the wings could carry 1000 kg of disposable ordnance and the underside of the wings was fitted with racks for disposable ordnance.
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The Peking No 1 was a Chinese twin-engined light transport aircraft first flown in 1958. The Peking No 1 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two seven-cylinder radial air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 1075 km. The Peking No 1 carried a crew of two and up to eight passengers.
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The Hunting Percival P66 Pembroke C Mk 1 is a British short-range utility light transport aircraft developed as a communications version of the Hunting Percival Prince, and entered into service with the RAF in 1953. The Pembroke C Mk 1 is a high-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Alvis Leonides Mk 127 radial piston engines providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 1853 km. The Pembroke C Mk 1 carries a crew of two and up to eight passengers or six litters and one attendant or 786 kg of freight in the cabin.
A civilian version of the Pembroke is the Hunting President.
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The Periquito II was a Brazilian single-seat sailplane first flown in 1957, and first produced in 1959. The Periquito II was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction with a top speed of 160 kmh in smooth air.
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Phoenix is the codename for the AIM-54 air-to-air missile.
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The Rocket Power Phoenix I was an American two-stage unguided solid-propellant ionospheric sounding rocket first fired in 1960. The Phoenix I was 564 cm long and could carry a payload of 2.25 kg to a height of 427 km.
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The Phoenix PA4A Minor is a British self-assembly single-seater light monoplane developed from the 1930's Luton Minor self-assembly aircraft. The Phoenix PA4A Minor is a strut-braced parasol monoplane powered by an Aeronca J.A.P. two-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 137 kmh.
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The Phoenix PA5A Major is a British self-assembly two-seater cabin monoplane developed from the 1940's Luton Major self-assembly aircraft. The Phoenix PA5A Major is a strut-braced parasol monoplane powered by various engines including a Walter Mikron Series 2 four-cylinder inline air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 169 kmh.
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The PiAC 16H-1A Pathfinder II was an American compound helicopter for high-speed research utilising a ducted propeller ('ring-tail') at the rear and small span fixed wings and first flown in 1962. The PiAC 16H-1A Pathfinder II was powered by a General Electric T58-GE-5 providing a top speed of 370 kmh and a range of 725 km. The PiAC 16H-1A Pathfinder II carried a pilot and co-pilot or flight observer side-by-side together with up to six passengers in the main cabin.
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The Piaggio P.108 was an Italian heavy bomber aircraft of the Second World War, first deployed in night attacks against Gibraltar in 1942. The Piaggio P.108 was Italy's only four-engined bomber and was powered by four 1500 hp Piaggio P.XII RC.35 18-cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 430 kmh and a range of 3520 km. Armaments consisted of eight 12.7 mm machine-guns and a bomb load of up to 3500 kg.
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The Piaggio P.136 was an Italian five-seater short-range search-and-rescue amphibian flying boat with training capabilities introduced into service in 1949 and withdrawn from service in 1961. The Piaggio P.136-L was a high-wing gull-shaped cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by two Avco Lycoming GO-435-C2 or GO-480-B six-cylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 294 kmh and a range of 1700 km. The Piaggio P.136-L carried a flight crew of two and up to three passengers.
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The Piaggio P.148 was an Italian three-seater elementary/primary flying trainer and two-seater aerobatic trainer aircraft in service with the Italian Air Force from 1952 until the 1970's. The Piaggio P.148 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of all-metal construction powered by an Avco Lycoming O-435-A flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 234 kmh and a range of 925 km.
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The Piaggio P.149 is an Italian four-seater short-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability, first flown in 1953, that entered service in 1957. The Piaggio P.149-D is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by an Avco Lycoming GO-480 flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 304 kmh and a range of 1090 km. The Piaggio P.149-D carries a crew of one or two and up to three passengers in the cabin.
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The Piaggio P.150 is an Italian two-seater basic trainer aircraft first flown in 1952. The Piaggio P.150 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Pratt and Whitney Wasp R-1340-S3H1 nine-cylinder radial air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 350 kmh and a range of 1400 km. The Piaggio P.150 was provided with the means to be fitted with a 7 mm machine-gun in the port wing, and under wing racks for carrying bombs and rockets.
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The Piaggio P.166 is an Italian short-range utility light transport aircraft first flown in 1957 and that entered service in 1962. The original Piaggio P.166 was a high gull-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming GSO-480-BIC6 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 359 kmh and a range of 2080 km. The original Piaggio P.166 carried between six and eight persons and some models were used by the Italian air force for communications duties.
In 1962 the Piaggio P.166B portofino model was produced with larger engines, a longer nose and restyled seating providing accommodation for between six and ten persons.
In 1964 the Piaggio P.166C was produced with seating for up to twelve passengers.
The newer Piaggio P.166-DL3 model is powered by three Textron Lycoming LTP101-700 turboprops providing a top speed of 407 kmh and a range of 1390 km fully laden. The Piaggio P.166-DL3 carries a crew of two and up to eight passengers or 1073 kg of freight in the cabin.
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The Piaggio PD-808 is an American designed, Italian short/medium-range utility light transport aircraft produced in the 1960's from a design sold to Piaggio by McDonnell Douglas. The Piaggio PD-808 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Piaggio Viper ASV.11 Mk 526 turbojets providing a top speed of 852 kmh and a range of 2048 km. The Piaggio PD-808 carries a crew of two and up to nine passengers or 1600 lbs of freight in the cabin.
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The Piasecki H-21 (Workhorse) was an American utility helicopter developed in 1949. The H-21 was used as a utility and rescue aircraft in the Korean War. They had inflatable pontoons on the wheels allowing the aircraft to land on water. Considered to be the first heavy lift helicopter, a modified HU-21 made the first non-stop transcontinental helicopter flight on 24 August 1956. The CH-21B model was powered by a Wright R-1820 engine of 1425 hp providing a top speed of 132 mph and a range of 640 km.
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The Piasecki PD-18 (US Navy designation HUP Retriever, US Army designation H-25A Army Mule) was an American single-engined tandem-rotored helicopter of the 1950's developed for the US navy for a multi-use helicopter. A version was also produced for the US army with minor modifications. The Piasecki PD-18 was powered by a Continental R-975-46 engine providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 630 km. The Piasecki PD-18 carried a crew of two and up to four passengers or three stretcher cases.
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The Piasecki PV-15 (USAF designation YH-16) was an American 40-passenger twin-engined helicopter designed and built for the USAF during the 1950's. The Piasecki PV-15 was powered by two Pratt and Whitney R-2180 engines, a later model being powered by two Allison T38 shaft turbines, providing a top speed of 200 kmh and a range of 325 km.
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The Procaer Picchio F15 is an Italian three- and four-seater light aerobatic light monoplane first flown in 1959. The Picchio F15 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of mixed wood and metal construction powered by a Lycoming O-320-B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 300 kmh and a range of 1250 km.
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The Procaer Picchio F15C is an Italian four-seater light aerobatic light monoplane developed from the Picchio F15 and first flown in 1964. The Picchio F15C is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wood covered by an outer skin of aluminium construction powered by a Continental IO-470-E six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 340 kmh and a range of 1600 km.
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The Piel Beryl (Piel CP70) is a French two/three-seater light aircraft first flown in 1965. The Piel Beryl is a low-wing cantilever monoplane based upon the Piel Emeraude and similarly supplied in kit form for self-assembly. The Piel Beryl is powered by a Continental four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 175 kmh and a range of 650 km.
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The Piel Diamant (Piel CP601 and Piel CP602) is a French, three-seater light monoplane based upon the Piel Emeraude, and similarly produced in kit form for home assembly. The Piel Diamant is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of fabric-covered wooden construction powered by a Continental O-200 or Pozec four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 220 or 230 km respectively.
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The Piel Emeraude CP30 is a French two-seater light monoplane produced in assembled and kit forms and first flown in 1952. The Piel Emeraude is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden and fabric construction powered by a Continental A65 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 950 km.
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The Piel Super Diamant (Piel CP605)is a French, three-seater light monoplane based upon the Piel Diamant during 1964, and similarly produced in kit form for home assembly. The Piel Super Diamant is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of fabric-covered wooden construction powered by a Lycoming four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 275 kmh.
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The PIHM Meteor-1 was a Polish solid-propellant meteorological sounding rocket first launched in 1963. The PIHM Meteor-1 was 250 cm long and had a top speed of 2960 kmh and reached an altitude of 36.5 km.
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The PIK-15 Hinu was a Finnish two-seater side-by-side glider-towing light aircraft first flown in 1964. The PIK-15 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wood and fabric construction powered by a Lycoming O-320-A2B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 235 kmh.
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The PIK-16C Vasama is a Finnish single-seat Standard Class sailplane first flown in 1961. The PIK-16C is a shoulder-wing cantilever monoplane of mainly wooden construction with a top speed of 250 kmh in smooth air.
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The PIK-17A Tintti is a Finnish single-seat general purpose sailplane first flown in 1966. The PIK-17A is a mid-wing cantilever monoplane of mainly wooden construction with a glass-fibre nose section and a top speed of 235 kmh in smooth air.
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The Valmet PIK-23 is a Finnish two-seat primary trainer and glider tug aircraft.
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The Pilatius SB.2 Pelican was a Swiss five-seater light aircraft of the 1940's. The Pilatius SB.2 was a high-wing braced monoplane of wood and metal construction powered by a Pratt and Whitney Wasp-junior 9-cylinder radial air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 250 kmh. The Pilatius SB.2 carried a crew of two and three passengers or freight.
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The Pilatus P-3 is a Swiss two-seater basic/intermediate flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability developed during the 1950's, entering service in 1958. The Pilatus P-3 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Textron Lycoming GO-435-C2A flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 750 km. The Pilatus P-3 is armed with a 7.62 mm machine-gun carried in an optional pod under the port wing and can carry up to 150 kg of disposable stores on two under-wing hard points.
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The Pilatus PC-6 Porter is a Swiss short-range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1960's. The Pilatus PC-6/340 is a high-wing braced monoplane of metal construction powered by a Textron Lycoming GSO-480-B1 A6 flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 640 km fully laden. The Pilatus PC-6 carries a pilot and up to ten passengers or 526 kg of freight in the cabin.
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The Pilatus PC-6 Turbo-Porter is a Swiss short-range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1960's as a turboprop version of the Pilatus PC-6. The Pilatus PC-6/B2-H4 Turbo-Porter is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprop providing a top speed of 280 kmh and a range of 730 km fully laden. The Pilatus PC-6/B2-H4 Turbo-Porter carries a crew of one and up to ten passengers or 1130 kg of freight in the cabin.
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The Pilatus PC-7 Turbo-Trainer is a Swiss tandem two-seat basic/intermediate flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability designed for military customers and first flown in 1966, entering service in 1978. The Pilatus PC-7 derived from the piston-engined Pilatus P-3, and is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A-25A turboprop providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 1200 km. The Pilatus PC-7 can carry up to 1040 kg of disposable stores on six under-wing hard points.
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The Pilatus PC-8 Twin-Porter is a twin-engined general purpose STOL transport aircraft first flown in 1967 as a development of the Pilatus PC-6 series of aircraft. The Pilatus PC-8 is a braced high-wing monoplane powered by two Lycoming IO-540-G1B5 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 1100 km. The Pilatus PC-8 carries a pilot and up to nine passengers in an enclosed cabin.
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The Pilatus PC-9 is a Swiss two-seater basic/intermediate flying and armament trainer aircraft with counter-insurgency capability in service since 1986. The
Pilatus PC-9 is powered by a Pratt and Whitney Canada PT6A-62 turboprop providing a top speed of 667 kmh and a range of 1642 km. The Pilatus PC-9 can carry up to 1040 kg of disposable stores on six under-wing hard points.
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Piper is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Pennsylvania.
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The Piper Aerostar is a series of light transport aircraft that first flew in 1967.
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The Piper Caribbean is a low-cost four-seater cabin monoplane derived from the Piper PA-22 in 1958 as a low-cost four-seater aircraft for flying clubs. The Piper Caribbean is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by Lycoming O-320-B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 224 kmh and a range of 1035 km.
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The Piper Cub, was an American two-seater trainer aircraft of the 1940's. The Piper Grasshopper was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental O-170-3 4-cyclinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 139 kmh and a range of 416 km.
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The Piper Grasshopper (USAAF designation L-4, US Navy designation NE-1) was an American two-seater light observation and liaison aircraft of the Second World War developed from the civilian Piper Cub trainer aircraft. The Piper Grasshopper was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental O-170-3 4-cyclinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 139 kmh and a range of 416 km.
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The Piper J4 Coupe was an American two-seater light utility aircraft of the 1940's. The Piper J4 Coupe was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental A-75-8 4-cylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 160 kmh and a range of 735 km.
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The Piper J5 Cruiser was an American three-seater light utility aircraft of the 1940's. The Piper J5 Cruiser was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental A-75-8 4-cylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 160 kmh and a range of 720 km.
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The Piper J5C Super-Cruiser was an American three-seater light utility aircraft of the 1940's. The Piper J5C Super-Cruiser was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming engine providing a top speed of 176 kmh and a range of 480 km. The Piper J5C Super-Cruiser was also adapted for use as an air-ambulance by the US Navy during the Second World War and given the designation AE-1, carrying a pilot and a single stretcher-borne patient.
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The Piper PA-18 Super Cub (US Army designation L-21) is an American two-seat light cabin monoplane used as a short-range liaison aircraft with observation, primary training and glider towing capabilities that entered service in the 1950's. The Piper PA-18 is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Textron Lycoming O-320 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 246 kmh and a range of 735 km. The Piper PA-18 carries a crew of two.
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The Piper PA-22 Tri-Pacer is an American four-seater cabin monoplane. The Piper PA-22 is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-320-B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 226 kmh and a range of 1055 km.
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The Piper PA-23 Apache is an American four/five-seater cabin monoplane of all metal construction. The Piper PA-23 Apache is a low-wing monoplane powered by two Lycoming O-320-B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 293 kmh and a range of 1350 km.
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The Piper PA-23-250 Aztec is a series of American five-seater twin-engine short-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability which entered service in 1954 as a development of the Piper PA-23 Apache. The Piper PA-23-250 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane produced in various models, the Piper PA-23-250 Aztec D is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO-540-C4B5 flat-six piston engines providing a top speed of 348 kmh and a range of 1947 km. The
Piper PA-23-250 carries a pilot and up to four passengers or freight in the cabin.
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The Piper PA-24 Comanche is an American four-seater short-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capability which entered service in 1957. The
Piper PA-24 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane produced in various models, the Piper PA-24-260 Comanche C is powered by a Textron Lycoming IO-540 flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 314 kmh and a range of 1287 km. The
Piper PA-24 carries a pilot and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
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The Piper PA-25 Pawnee is an American single-seater agricultural aircraft developed at the Piper Vero Beach Development Center in Florida as a specialised agricultural aircraft for the dispersal of chemical dusts and sprays. The Piper PA-25 is a braced low-wing monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-320 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine.
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The Piper PA-28 Cherokee is a series of American short-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1961. The
Piper PA-28-161 Warrior II is powered by a Textron Lycoming O-320-D3G flat-four piston engine providing a top speed of 282 kmh and a range of 1186 km. The
Piper PA-28 carries a pilot and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
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The Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche is a series of American four/six-seater twin-engined light aircraft first flown in 1962. The Piper PA-30 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of aluminium construction powered by two Lycoming IO-320-B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 330 kmh and a range of 1650 km increasing to 2190 km when fitted with wingtip tanks. A turbo model, the Turbo Twin Comanche was also produced powered by two Lycoming IO-320-C1A engines with Rajay turbo superchargers providing a top speed of 386 kmh and a range of 1755 km.
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The Piper PA-31 is a series of American short/medium-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1967. The
Piper PA-31-300 Navajo is powered by two Textron Lycoming IO-540-M flat-six piston engines providing a top speed of 365 kmh and a range of 2494 km. The
Piper PA-31 carries a pilot and up to seven passengers or freight in the cabin. A turbo model, the Turbo Navajo, is identical but powered by Lycoming TIO-540-A engines with turbo superchargers providing a top speed of 418 kmh and a range of 2495 km.
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The Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six is an American six/seven seater (nominally six seater) light aircraft first flown in 1963. The Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by various engines, the basic model being powered by a Lycoming O-540-E six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 1125 km, increased to 1780 km with auxiliary fuel.
Research Piper PA-32
The Piper PA-34 Seneca is a series of American short-range utility light transport aircraft with liaison capabilities that entered service in 1972. The
Piper PA-34-220T Seneca III is powered by two Teledyne Continental TSIO/LTSIO-360-KB flat-six piston engines providing a top speed of 363 kmh and a range of 1240 km. The Piper PA-34 carries a pilot and optional co-pilot and up to seven passengers or freight in the cabin.
Research Piper PA-34
The Piper PA-42-720 Cheyenne IIIA is an American Customs High Endurance Tracker aircraft optimised for the US Drug Enforcement Administration for the tracking and identification of drug-trafficking aircraft. The Piper PA-42-720 Cheyenne IIIA is powered by two Pratt And Whitney Canada PT6A-61 turboprops providing a top speed of 565 kmh and a range of 4207 km. The Piper PA-42-720 Cheyenne IIIA carries a flight crew of two and mission crew of two. The Piper PA-42 Cheyenne IV is an American light corporate executive transport aircraft. The Piper PA-42 Cheyenne IV can carry up to nine passengers and has a top speed of 404 mph and a typical range of 2187 km supplied by two 1000 shp Garrett AiResearch TPE331-14 turboprops.
Research Piper PA-42
The Pitts S-1 Special was an American single-seater amateur build aerobatic biplane first flown in 1944. The Pitts S-1 Special was a braced biplane with a single faired interplane strut each side and N-type cabane powered by various engines, but nominally designed to accommodate a Lycoming four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine of between 100 and 170 hp - such as the Lycoming O-320 - providing a top speed of 253 kmh and a range of 2495 km. A Pitts S-1 Special won the 1966 US National Aerobatic Championship.
Research Pitts S-1 Special
The Pitts S-2 Special is an American two-seater aerobatic home built biplane developed from the Pitts S-1 Special biplane first flown in 1944, the Pitts S-2 Special being introduced as a two-seater version in 1967. The Pitts S-2 Special is similar to the Pitts S-1 Special but is slightly longer, sitting two people in tandem in open cockpits, and is powered by a Lycoming O-360-A1A four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 265 kmh and a range of 725 km or later the more powerful Textron Lycoming IO-360-A1A flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 326 kmh and a range of 552 km.
Research Pitts S-2 Special
The Parsons-Jocelyn PJ-260 is an American single-seat aerobatic biplane designed for amateur build. The PJ-260 is a conventional braced biplane of mainly fabric covered steel tubular construction designed to be powered by a Lycoming GO-435-C2 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 241 kmh and a range of 800 km.
Research PJ-260
The C.A.P. 1 Planalto was a Brazilian, wood and canvas construction, two-seater advanced training monoplane of the early 1940's. The Planalto was powered by a Franklin 4-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine rated at 90 hp providing a top speed of 185 kmh and range of 500 km. The Planalto had an open cockpit with complete dual controls arranged in tandem for the tutor and instructor.
Research Planalto
The Polikarpov R-Z was a two-seater Soviet ground-attack aircraft of the Second World War, in service from 1935 to 1945, gradually being phased out from 1941 in favour of the IL-2. It was manned by a crew of two seated in tandem and was powered by a Mikulin M-34RN Vee piston engine rated at 850 hp which provided a top speed of 196 mph and a range of 1000 km. It was armed with a 7.62 mm PV-1 fixed, forward-firing synchronised machine-gun in the forward fuselage and one or two 7.62 mm ShKAS trainable rearward-firing machine-guns in the rear cockpit. Up to 450 kg of disposable stores were carried on six under wing hard points.
Research Polikarpov R-Z
The Potez 25 was a French two-seater light-attack, army co-operation and tactical reconnaissance warplane of the Second World War, serving from 1926 to 1945. The Potez 25 was powered by a Lorraine-Dietrich 12Eb W-type piston engine rated at 450 hp providing a top speed of 129 mph and a typical range of 630 km. It was armed with one Vickers 0.303 inch or 7.5 mm Darne fixed, forward-firing, synchronised machine-gun in the forward fuselage and two Vickers 0.303 inch or 7.5 mm Darne trainable, rearward firing machine-guns in the rear cockpit, and up to 200 kg of disposable stores carried on four under-wing hard points each rated at 50 kg.
Research Potez 25
The Potez 63 was a French three-seater light-attack, army co-operation and tactical reconnaissance warplane of the Second World War, serving from 1939 to 1945. The Potez 63 was powered by two Gnome-Rhone 14M-4/5 radial piston engines each rated at 700 hp providing a top speed of 264 mph and a maximum range of 1500 km. It was armed with one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward-firing machine-gun under the central fuselage, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, rearward-firing machine-gun in the rear fuselage, one 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable, rearward-firing machine-gun in the rear cockpit; or in the revised standard variant; three 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward-firing machine-guns firing as one in the nose under the central fuselage, four 7.5 mm MAC 1934 fixed, forward-firing machine-guns in two optional two-gun under-wing packs, three 7.5 mm MAC 1934 M39 rearward-firing machine-guns in the rear fuselage, two 7.5 mm MAC 1934 trainable rearward-firing machine-guns on a SAM AB-68 mounting in the rear cockpit.
Research Potez 63
The Potez 75 was a French two-seater ground-support aircraft developed during the early 1950's to meet the requirements of the French army for an economical ground-support and anti-tank weapon. The Potez 75 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction first flown in 1953. The Potez 75 was powered by a Potez 8-D.32 eight-cylinder inverted Vee air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 275 kmh and a range of 700 km. Armaments typically comprised one fixed heavy-calibre automatic cannon mounted in the nose of the nacelle and rockets or guided missiles.
Research Potez 75
The Potez 841 is a French four-engined light transport aircraft first flown in 1964. The Potez 841 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by four Pratt and Whitney PT6A-20 turboprop engines providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 2400 km. The Potez 841 carries a crew of two and up to twenty-four passengers - eight passengers in the executive version.
Research Potez 841
The Potez 842 is a French four-engined light transport aircraft first flown in 1965. The Potez 842 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by four Turbomeca Astazou XII turboprop engines providing a top speed of 500 kmh and a range of 3000 km. The Potez 842 carries a crew of two and up to twenty-four passengers - eight in the executive version.
Research Potez 842
The Potez 94 is a French two-seater trainer and counter-insurgency combat aircraft developed from the Aerospatiale CM 170, and was first flown as a prototype in 1964. The Potez 94 is powered by two Turbomeca Marbore Super VI engines providing a top speed of 780 kmh and a range of 1600 km.
Research Potez 94
The Potez Paris III is a French high-speed twin-jet executive transport first flown as a prototype in 1964. The Potez Paris III is a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Turbomeca Marbore VI turbojets providing a top speed of 620 kmh and a range of 2000 km. The Potez Paris III carries a pilot and up to five passengers.
Research Potez Paris III
Pratt and Whitney are an American aircraft engine manufacturer. They were founded in 1925 by Frederick Brant Rentschler and are now a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation.
Research Pratt and Whitney
The Scottish Aviation Prestwick Pioneer is a British five-seater light transport aircraft designed for operation from small landing fields. The Scottish Aviation Prestwick Pioneer is a high-wing strut-braced monoplane first flown in 1950 and powered by an Alvis Leonides 503/7 radial air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 234 kmh and a range of 1045 km.
Research Prestwick Pioneer
For a heavier-than-air aircraft to fly, it must generate a lifting force equal to or greater than its weight, and (for powered flights) sufficient power to overcome its drag. The aircraft must also be stable in flight, and for most purposes it must be possible to control direction and attitude of flight. Balloons and airships (lighter-than-air aircraft) exploit Archimedes' principle, whereby a body immersed in a fluid experiences a lifting force equal to the weight of fluid it displaces. The envelope of a balloon or air-ship displaces a large amount of air, but it is filled with a gas lighter than the surrounding air, so it experiences an appreciable lifting force. A heavier-than-air aeroplane obtains its lift from its wings. An aircraft wing is essentially a plate presented edgewise to a moving air-stream (produced by the aeroplane's forward motion), with the leading edge slightly higher than the trailing edge. A component of the air pressure on this inclined plate creates lift; the rest causes drag. The lift generated by such an inclined plate can be experienced by holding your hand out of the window of a moving vehicle. The upward force on the hand is intermittent and slight because the hand's poor aerodynamic shape causes air turbulence and large amounts of drag, but the air-flow around the streamlined, aerofoil cross-section of an aircraft wing is much smoother, drag is minimized, and lift maximized. The lift-to-drag ratio is a measure of aerodynamic efficiency. The overall shape of an aircraft wing also affects its lifting capabilities. A convenient measure of a wing's shape is its aspect ratio, defined as the square of the wing span divided by wing area. Wings with a high aspect ratio (long and thin) produce more lift: they are used for long-range, high-altitude, relatively slow aircraft, and for sailplanes. Low aspect-ratio wings (short and broad) tend to be used in fast, highly manoeuvrable aircraft. The types of aerofoil used in aircraft wings are
tly unstable, in that the lifting force is produced behind the wing's centre of gravity. A turning effect is thus produced that tends to force the nose of the aircraft downwards. In most aircraft designs a small tail fin situated well back from the wing produces a negative lift to counteract this turning force. An alternative, recently used on some military aircraft, is a lifting surface (canard) forward of the wings. Aircraft with a canard are inherently unstable, and require advanced electronic control systems to confer artificial stability. In order to manoeuvre an aircraft and to maintain its stability in level flight it is necessary to be able to control pitch, yaw, and roll. Pitch is usually controlled by flaps (elevators) on the rear of the horizontal tail. Yaw is controlled by the rudder, a flap on the vertical tail fin. Roll is controlled by ailerons on the outer trailing edges of the wings - to produce or correct roll, one aileron is lowered while the other is lifted. The rudder and ailerons are used together when banking (turning). Spoilers, retractable flaps that 'spoil' the lift of the wing, may be used in combination with or instead of ailerons to control roll; they also increase drag. The amount of lift generated by an aircraft is proportional to the square of air-speed, which means that at high speeds, wings generate much more lift than at the low speeds of take-off and landing. Extra lift can be generated by increasing the angle of incidence of the wing to the air-flow (by lifting the nose), but beyond a certain point the smooth flow of air across the wing breaks down, lift is lost and drag is increased, a phenomenon known as wing stall. The design of modern high-speed aircraft is such that they cannot be flown slowly. Various devices are needed to enable such aircraft to take off and land at speeds that do not require excessively long runways. Slats on the leading edge of the wing and various flaps on the trailing edge provide an optimised
ment by which the lift of the wing is maximized without unacceptable increases in drag. A propulsive system is needed to produce forward motion in an aeroplane; this may be an engine- or turbine-driven propeller, or a jet engine. At take-off, the engine's thrust generates forward motion, and the resulting air-flow over the wings generates lift in excess of the total weight of the machine.
Research Principles of Manned Flight
The Procaer F.480 Cobra is an Italian four-seater jet-powered light aircraft developed from the Cobra 400 two-seater aircraft. The Procaer F.480 Cobra is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a Turbomeca Marbore VI turbojet engine providing a top speed of 610 kmh and a range of 1250 km.
Research Procaer F.480 Cobra
The Percival Proctor was a series of British two or three-seater radio and navigation trainer and communications aircraft used by the Royal Navy and Air Transport Auxiliary during the Second World War. The Percival Proctor was a low-wing cantilever monoplane made of wood with a fabric covering powered by a De Havilland Gipsyqueen II 6-cylinder inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 256 kmh. A civil version, the Percival Proctor V was also produced with seating for three/four people and space for luggage in the cabin.
Research Proctor
The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT is a Belgian two-seater primary/basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability. The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT is powered by a Garrett TFE109-3 turbofan providing a top speed of 638 kmh and a range of 1854 km with fitted drop tanks. The Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT can carry up to 600 kg of disposable stores on four under-wing hard points each rated at 150 kg.
Research Promavia Jet Squalus F1300 NGT
The Armstrong Whitworth Prone Pilot Meteor 8 was a British research aircraft of the 1950's. The Prone Pilot Meteor 8 was a modified Gloster Meteor Mk 8, with an extended nose forward of the normal pilot's cockpit, this extended nose containing an extra cockpit, fully equipped, and accommodating a pilot in a semi-prone position. The Prone Pilot Meteor 8 was developed for general assessment of the semi-prone pilot's position in high-speed aircraft.
Research Prone Pilot Meteor 8
The Lancashire Aircraft Prospector is a British single-engined general-purpose monoplane first flown in 1955. The Lancashire Aircraft Prospectoris a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming GO-480-G1A6 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 234 kmh and a range of about 935 km. The Lancashire Aircraft Prospector carries a pilot and up to five passengers or two stretcher-borne casualties and two other .passengers
Research Prospector
The PS-84 was a Russian-built, modified version of the DC-3 transport aircraft, used during the Second World War.
Research PS-84
The Putzer Motorraab was a German two-seater light aircraft of the 1960's. The Putzer Motorraab was a braced high-wing monoplane powered by a modified Volkswagen engine providing a top speed of 100 kmh and a range of 550 km.
Research Putzer Motorraab
The PZL I-22 Iryda is a Polish two-seater advanced flying and armament trainer aircraft with reconnaissance and light close-support capabilities that entered service in 1992. The PZL I-22 Iryda is powered by two PZL Rzeszow PZL-5 SO-3W22 turbojets providing a top speed of 840 kmh and a range of 420 km fully laden. The PZL I-22 Iryda is armed with a 23 mm Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23L two-barrel cannon in a ventral pack and can carry up to 1200 kg of disposable stores on four under-wing hard points.
Research PZL I-22 Iryda
The PZL Mielec An-2 is a Polish license built version of the Soviet AN-2 biplane. The PZL Mielec An-2 is a short-range STOL utility light transport aircraft that entered service in the 1940's. The PZL Mielec An-2 is powered by a PZL Kalisz Asz-62IR radial piston engine providing a top speed of 258 kmh and a range of 900 km. The PZL Mielec An-2 carries a flight crew of two and up to twelve passengers or 1300 kg of freight in the cabin.
Research PZL Mielec An-2
The PZL Mielec An-28 is a Polish license built version of the Soviet AN-28 short-range utility light transport aircraft. The PZL Mielec An-28 entered service in 1986. The PZL Mielec An-28 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow TWD-10B turboprops providing a top speed of 390 kmh and a range of 1365 km depending upon payload. The PZL Mielec An-28carries a flight crew of two and up to 17 passengers or 2000 kg of freight in the cabin.
Research PZL Mielec An-28
The PZL Mielec M-26 Iskierka is a Polish two-seater primary flying trainer aircraft first flown in 1986. The PZL Mielec M-26 is powered by a PZL-F 6A-350CA flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a range of 940 km. The PZL Mielec M-26 carries a crew of a pilot and trainee in tandem.
Research PZL Mielec M-26
The PZL Mielec TS-11 Iskra is a Polish one/two-seater close-support and reconnaissance trainer aircraft. It is armed with one 23 mm NR-23 cannon situated in the starboard side of the nose and up to 400 kg of disposable stores carried on four hard points, two under each wing. First flown in February 1960, the PZL Mielec TS-11 is a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by an SO-3 turbojet providing a top speed of 750 kmh and a range of 1250 km, later models are powered by an SO-3W turbojet.
Research PZL Mielec TS-11
The PZL Swidnik Kania is a Polish utility light helicopter developed as a version of the PZL Swidnik Mi-2 powered by two Allison 250-C20B turboshafts providing a top speed of 215 kmh and a range of 493 km. The PZL Swidnik Kania carries a crew of one or two and up to nine passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 1200 kg of freight in the cabin or 800 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
Research PZL Swidnik Kania
The PZL Swidnik Mi-1 (Hare) is a Soviet-designed Polish utility light helicopter first flown in 1948, entering service in 1951. The PZL Swidnik Mi-1 is powered by a PZL Kalisz AI-26V radial piston engine providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 360 km. The PZL Swidnik Mi-1 carries a crew of one and up to three passengers or freight in the cabin.
Research PZL Swidnik Mi-1
The PZL Swidnik Mi-2 (Hoplite) is a Soviet-designed Polish utility light helicopter first flown in 1961, entering service in 1965 as a turboshaft derivative of the PZL Swidnik Mi-1. The PZL Swidnik Mi-2 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow GTD-350 turboshafts providing a top speed of 210 kmh and a range of 440 km. The PZL Swidnik Mi-2 carries a crew of one and up to ten passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 700 kg of freight in the cabin or 800 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
Research PZL Swidnik Mi-2
The PZL Swidnik W-3 Sokol is a Polish utility medium helicopter first flown in 1979, entering service in 1985. The PZL Swidnik W-3 is powered by two PZL Rzeszow PZL-10W turboshafts providing a top speed of 270 kmh and a range of 715 km. The PZL Swidnik W-3 carries a flight crew of one or two and up to 12 passengers or four litters plus one attendant or 1200 kg of freight in the cabin or 2100 kg of freight carried as a slung load.
Research PZL Swidnik W-3
The PZL-101 Gawron is a Polish two-seater single-engined agricultural, ambulance and utility light aircraft developed from the Soviet Yak-12. The PZL-101 is a braced high-wing monoplane powered by a AI-14R nine-cylinder radial air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 171 kmh and a range of 660 km.
Research PZL-101
The PZL-102 Kos is a Polish two-seater light monoplane first flown in 1958. The PZL-102 Kos is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a Narkiewicz WN-1 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 170 kmh and a range of 500 km.
Research PZL-102
The PZL Warszawa PZL-104 Wilga is a Polish short-range utility STOL light transport aircraft designed as a reliable STOL replacement for the PZL-101 and entered into service in 1969. The PZL-104 Wilga 35 is a high-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a PZL AI-14RA radial piston engine providing a top speed of 279 kmh and a range of 510 km. The PZL-104 carries a pilot and up to three passengers of freight in the cabin.
Research PZL-104
The PZL Warszawa PZL-130 Turbo-Orlik is a Polish two-seater basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training and light attack capabilities developed during the1980's. The PZL-130 is powered by a Motorlet M 601E turboprop providing a top speed of 501 kmh and a range of 970 km. Armaments consist of up to 800 kg of disposable stores carried on six under-wing hard points.
Research PZL-130
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Abbreviations
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