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The T-1040 is an American light regional airliner.
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The ENAER T-35 Pillan is a joint Chile/American developed tandem two-seat primary/basic trainer aeroplane for the military. It is powered by a 300 hp Avco Lycoming IO-540-K1 six-cylinder engine giving a top speed of 311 kmh and a range of 1100 km depending upon load. The T-35 Pillan carries a pupil and instructor in tandem and up to 500 kg of disposable stores on two under-wing hard points.
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The Slingsby T-3A Firefly (Slinsgby T67 Firefly) is a French-designed British two-seater, propeller driven trainer aircraft used by the U.S. Air Force's Air Education and Training Command to screen pilot candidates by exposing them to military style traffic patterns, aerobatics and spins. It is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO-540-D4A5, 260 hp engine providing a top speed of 333 kmh and a range of 1047 km.
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The T-45 Goshawk is a British-designed American two-seater land-based and carrier-borne basic/advanced flying trainer aircraft with armament training capability jointly manufactured by Boeing and British Aerospace for the US Navy, and based on the BA Hawk trainer aircraft. The T-45 was selected to meet the US Navy requirement for an undergraduate jet pilot trainer to replace the TA-4J Skyhawk and North American NA-249 (T-2 Buckeye). The T-45TS pilot training scheme includes advanced simulators and computer assisted instruction as well as training flight programmes. The T-45A is powered by a Rolls Royce F405-RR-401 turbofan engine providing a top speed of 997 kmh and a range of 1288 km. Two under-wing hard points and an optional under-fuselage hard point allow disposable stores such as light and practice bombs to be carried.
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The Slingsby T-67 Firefly is a French-designed British two-seat primary and basic trainer aircraft that entered military service in 1985. The T-67M Mk II is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO-320-D1B flat-four piston engine providing a top speed of 222 kmh and a range of 1047 km.
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The Focke-Wulf Ta 152 was a German high-altitude fighter aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Fw 190. The Ta 152H-1 was powered by a 1750 hp Junkers Jumo 213E 12-cylinder inverted-Vee piston engine providing a top speed of 760 kmh when used with MW-50 water-methanol fuel injection and GM-1 power boost, and had a range of 1200 km. Armaments consisted of a 30 mm MK 108 cannon and two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons.
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The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 was a German high-speed bad weather and night fighter of the Second World War first prototyped in 1943. The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 was a single or two-seater shoulder-wing cantilever monoplane of mainly wooden construction powered by two Jumo 211 N or two Jumo 211 R 12-cylinder inverted Vee liquid cooled engines providing a top speed of 611 or 630 kmh respectively and a range of 7020 km with drop-tanks. The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 was armed with two forward firing 30 mm MK 108 and two forward firing 20 mm MG 151 cannons in the fuselage sides or alternatively four 30 mm MK 108 or four 20 mm MG 151 cannons. In addition two 30 mm MG 108 fixed forward firing machine-guns were mounted in the fuselage of the night fighter variant.
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The Tachihi R-53 was a Japanese two-seater tandem open cockpit trainer aircraft developed in 1952 immediately following the Japanese Air Law was enacted allowing the manufacture of aircraft in Japan. The Tachihi R-53 was the first aircraft to be built entirely of Japanese materials and powered by a Japanese engine since the Second World War, though the subsequent production model used a foreign engine. The Tachihi R-53 was a high-wing strut-braced monoplane of fabric-covered steel-tube construction powered by a Blackburn Cirrus Major four-cylinder in-line inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 208 kmh and a range of 750 km.
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The Tachikawa Ki-36 was a Japanese two-seater close-support and light attack warplane of the Second World War in service from 1939 to the late 1940s. The Ki-36 was powered by an Hitachi Ha-13a (Army Type 97) radial piston engine providing a top speed of 348 kmh and a range of 1235 km. Fixed armaments consisted of a 7.7 mm calibre Type 98 fixed forward-firing machine-gun in the starboard side of the forward fuselage with synchronisation equipment to enable it to fire through the propeller disc, and one 7.7 mm calibre Type 98 trainable rearward-firing machine-gun in the rear cockpit. Up to 150 kg of disposable stores were also carried on two under wing hard points, and generally comprised 12.5 or 15 kg bombs.
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The Tachikawa Ki-54 was a Japanese twin-engine advanced crew trainer aircraft of the Second World War designed to train bomber crews how to work together as a team. The Tachikawa Ki-54 was powered by two 510 hp Hitachi Ha-13a 9-cylinder radial piston engines providing a top speed of 375 kmh and a range of 960 km. Armaments consisted of four 7.7 mm machine-guns and practice bombs.
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The Onera Tacite was a French rocket of the 1960's, first successfully launched in 1965, designed to carry out measurements of infra-red emission around the horizon, as seen from outer space. Tacite was a single-stage solid-propellant rocket, 680 cm long and had a diameter of 56 cm.
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The Taylorcraft Auster III was a British two-seat light liaison or Observation aircraft of the Second World War. The Taylorcraft Auster III was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a De Havilland Gipsy-Major four-cylinder Inverted inline air cooled engine providing a top speed of 203 kmh.
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The Taylorcraft Auster IV was a British three-seater light liaison or Observation aircraft of the Second World War. The Taylorcraft Auster IV was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-290 four-cylinder Horizontally opposed air cooled engine providing a top speed of 209 kmh and a range of 352 km. A civilian version, was produced under the name Taylorcraft Auster J.1.
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The Taylorcraft Auster V was a British three-seater light liaison or Observation aircraft of the Second World War developed from the Taylorcraft Auster IV having blind-flying instruments fitted to allow operation in poor weather. The Taylorcraft Auster V was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-290 four-cylinder Horizontally opposed air cooled engine providing a top speed of 209 kmh and a range of 352 km.
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The Taylorcraft Grasshopper (L-2) was an American observation and light liaison aircraft of the Second World War. It was an adaptation of the Taylorcraft Model D Tandem Trainer.
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The Taylorcraft Model B Trainer was an American two-seat light cabin training aircraft of the 1940s. The Taylorcraft Model B Trainer was a high-wing braced monoplane powered by Lycoming O-145-B2, Continental A-65 or Franklin 4AC-176 4-cylinder opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 155 kmh and a range of 400 km.
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The Taylorcraft Model D Tandem Trainer was an adaptation of the Taylorcraft Model B Trainer aircraft, having the seating in tandem rather than side-by-side.
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The Taylorcraft Topper is an American single-seater agricultural duster and sprayer aircraft. The Taylorcraft Topper is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental O-470-A providing a top speed of 240 kmh and a range of 760 km.
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The Taylorcraft Tourist is an American four-seater light cabin monoplane. The Taylorcraft Tourist is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Continental C145-2 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 211 kmh and a range of 800 km.
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The Aerospatiale TB 30 Epsilon is a French two-seat primary trainer aircraft that entered service in 1983. The TB 30B is powered by a Textron Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D flat-six piston engine providing a top speed of 520 kmh and a range of 1250 km. The TB 30 can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on four under-wing hard points.
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The Aerospatiale TB 31 Omega is a French two-seater primary/basic flying and armament trainer aircraft with light attack capability. The TB 31is powered by a Turbomeca TP 319 Arrius IA2 turboprop providing a top speed of 595 kmh and a range of 1308 km. The TB 31 can carry up to 300 kg of disposable stores on four under-wing hard points.
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The TB-20 is a French light cabin monoplane aircraft.
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The Tupolev TB-7 was a Russian heavy bomber of the Second World War. The Tupolev TB-7 was a thick mid-wing cantilever monoplane of all-metal construction powered by four M-105 12-cylinder upright Vee liquid-cooled engines and later by four AM-38 12-cylinder upright Vee liquid-cooled engines providing a top speed of 448 kmh and a range of 4000 km. The Tupolev TB-7 was armed with two machine-guns in a spherical turret in the nose, two machine-guns in a dorsal turret, a 2-0 mm cannon in the tail turret and two movable machine-guns under the trailing edge of each inboard engine nacelle.
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The Thomson Brandt TBA 68 is a French air-launched rocket used for air-to-air and air-to-surface roles and carried by both aircraft and helicopters. Various types are produced with varying warheads, but all have a range of 1000 meters minimum and 4000 meters maximum from aircraft and 3000 meters maximum from helicopters.
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The TEC HRV-1 was an American research aircraft used for conducting research into the design and evaluation of hydro-skis in flying-boat operation. The TEC HRV-1 was a modified Colonial Model C-2 Skimmer light amphibian powered by a Lycoming O-360 engine, and with increased wing span.
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The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 320 was an American six/seven-seat twin-engined executive transport developed during the mid-1960's. The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 360 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming IO-320 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 341 kmh and a range of 1770 km.
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The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 360 was an American six/seven-seat twin-engined executive transport developed during the mid-1960's. The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 360 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming IO-360 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 354 kmh and a range of 1880 km.
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The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 400 was an American six/seven-seat twin-engined executive transport developed during the mid-1960's. The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 400 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming IO-360 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 370 kmh and a range of 1880 km.
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The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 600 was an American six/seven-seat twin-engined executive transport developed during the mid-1960's. The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 600 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming IO-540 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 418 kmh and a range of 2300 km.
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The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 620 was an American six/seven-seat twin-engined executive transport developed during the mid-1960's. The Ted Smith Aerostar Model 620 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming TIO-541 turbo supercharged engines providing a top speed of 484 kmh and a range of 2365 km.
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The Temco Model 33 Plebe was an American two-seater tandem primary trainer aircraft of the 1950's first flown in 1953. The Temco Model 33 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Continental O-470-13 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 307 kmh and a range of 1005 km.
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The Temco Model 51 Pinto (US Navy designation TT-1) was an American two-seater primary trainer jet aircraft, and was the first primary jet trainer to be accepted by one of the US military services. The Temco Model 51 was a mid-wing cantilever monoplane first flown in 1956. The Temco Model 51 was powered by a Continental J69-T-9 turbojet providing a top speed of 556 kmh and a flying time of 1.5 hours.
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The Termite is an American single-seat sporting monoplane designed for home build, first flown in 1957. The Termite is a braced parasol monoplane of mainly wooden construction designed to be powered by a Continental A40-5 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 153 kmh and a range of 240 km.
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The Terrill HLT-100 Poopsi-Doll is an American single-seater light monoplane first flown in 1957. The Terrill HLT-100 is a mid-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-290 engine providing a top speed of 386 kmh and a range of 870 km.
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The Hughes Th-55A is an American two-seat light helicopter primary trainer developed from the Hughes 269 and selected by the US Army in 1964. The TH-55A is powered by a Lycoming HIO-360-A1A four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 138 kmh and a range of 320 km and an endurance of 3.3 hours flying.
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The Termite is an American single-seater sporting monoplane designed for amateur home construction and first flown in 1957. The Termite is a braced parasol monoplane powered by a Continental A40-5 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 153 kmh and a range of 240 km.
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The Thorp T-18 Tiger is an American two-seat high-performance sporting aircraft designed for home build. The Thorp T-18 Tiger is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of all-metal construction designed to be powered by a 180 hp Lycoming or Continental four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 320 kmh and a range of 805 km.
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The Thruxton Jackaroo was a British four-seater light aircraft adapted from the De Havilland Tiger Moth by widening the fuselage to fit two pairs of seats. The Thruxton Jackaroo was powered by a De Havilland Gipsy Major I engine providing a top speed of 167 kmh and a range of 400 km.
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The Thurston Model TSC-1A Teal was an American two-seat cabin monoplane amphibian first flown in 1968. The Thurston Model TSC-1A was a shoulder-wing cantilever monoplane designed to provide a simple, economical two-seat aircraft for cross-country and sporting flying, land and seaplane training and to a lesser extent business use. The Thurston Model TSC-1A was powered by a Lycoming O-320-A2B four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 188 kmh and a range of 610 km. A flying-boat version, the Thurston Model TSC-1A 'T-Boat' was also produced with the landing gear removed, providing a higher top speed of 193 kmh.
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The Tiger (Tigre) helicopter is developed in two configurations, an antitank helicopter and a combat support helicopter, by the international Eurocopter company and funded by Germany and France. The requirements for the Tiger HAC anti-tank helicopter are the identification and engagement of ground targets by day and night to ranges exceeding 5 km, low detectability and a self-defence capability. The Tiger is powered by two MTU/Turbomeca/Rolls-Royce MTR 390 turboshafts providing a top speed of 280 kmh and an endurance of 3 hours 10 minutes flying time. The Tiger can be equipped with four MISTRAL or four Stinger air-to-air missiles and HOT 3 and TRIGAT LR anti-tank missiles. In the combat support role the Tiger uses a gun for short range engagements and 68 millimetre rockets at medium and long range. It can be equipped with Mistral missiles to engage airborne threats. In the combat support role the helicopter is equipped with a turreted GIAT M871 30 mm gun together with either four Mistral missiles, 44 rockets plus 4 Mistral missiles, or 68 rockets.
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The Tiger Moth was a British biplane made by De Havilland. The Tiger Moth was powered by a De Havilland Gipsy Major I engine providing a top speed of 109 mph.
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The Titan II-Gemini was an adaptation of the deactivated Titan II intercontinental ballistic missile for use as a launch vehicle for the 1960's American Gemini spacecraft. The Titan II-Gemini rocket was a cylindrical two-stage rocket powered by Aerojet-General storable liquid-propellant rocket engines using nitrogen teroxide and UDMH hypergolic propellants. The rocket was 33.22 meters long and about 305 cm in diameter.
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Titan III was an American standard space launch system of the 1960's used for a wide variety of manned and unmanned payloads ranging in weight from more than 11,340 kg to an Earth orbit to 2,250 kg for reaching escape velocity. Titan III developed from the military Titan ICBM, and comprised three rocket stages and solid-propellant boosters.
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The Onera Titus was a French experimental rocket of the 1960's. The Titus was a two-stage solid-propellant rocket employing the first two-stages of the Onera Berenice rocket and was capable of carrying a 325 kg payload to an altitude of 270 km.
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The TOM-8 (L-208) was a Czechoslovakian two-seater training monoplane. The TOM-8 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a M-208C six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 295 kmh and a range of 720 km. The student and instructor sat in tandem, the instructor at the rear.
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The Tomahawk I was a British version of the Curtiss Warhawk P-40, fitted with British equipment and British 0. 303 inch calibre machine-guns.
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The Tomahawk IIA was a British version of the Curtiss Warhawk P-40B, fitted with a British radio. The Tomahawk IIB was fitted with an American radio.
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The Sereb Topaze was a French single-stage solid-propellant multi-purpose test rocket vehicle first launched in 1962. The Sereb Topaze was capable of carrying a 480 kg payload to an altitude of 130 km and was 785 cm long and had a diameter of 80 cm.
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The Tornado (Panavia) is a joint British, German and Italian two-seater, variable-geometry ground-attack aircraft that entered service in 1980. Britain uniquely adopted the Tornado both for ground attack and produced a modified version for air defence. The Tornado been operational in the British RAF in several different forms:
Tornado GR 1 interdictor/strike aircraft for close air support, counter air attack and defence suppression; The Tornado GR 1A is an all weather day and night tactical reconnaissance aircraft and has no forward facing cannons; The
Tornado GR 1B is the long range maritime attack version; The Tornado F3 is the long range air defence fighter. The Tornado is generally fitted with two 25 mm cannons on each side of the fuselage and is equipped with a wide range of weapons - reconnaissance models have the cannons removed. For close air support and interdiction the aircraft is typically equipped with iron bombs, cluster bombs and laser guided bombs. In the defence suppression role it is equipped with anti-radar missiles. The GR 1B Maritime Attack Tornado variant in service with the Royal Air Force is equipped with up to four Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles. The F3 Air Defence Tornado is armed with short range and medium range air-to-air missiles. A typical weapons payload would include four Sidewinder short range missiles and four Skyflash medium range missiles. The Tornado is powered by two Turbo-Union RB.199-34R Mk 101 turbofans providing a top speed of Mach 2.2 and a range of 1390 km typically. By 2004 the British GR 1 models had been upgraded to new GR 4 models. The
Tornado is poorly thought of among the British RAF where it is known as the 'Greater Finned Land Shark' and is disliked for its poor manoeuvrability and speed.
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The Toyo TT-10 was a Japanese two-seater tandem light trainer aircraft first flown in 1953. The Toyo TT-10 was a low0wing cantilever monoplane of fabric-covered steel-tube construction powered by a Lycoming O-290-D2 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 235 kmh and a range of 760 km.
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The TR-1 is an American single-seat high-altitude tactical reconnaissance aircraft.
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A trail rope is a rope dropped from an airship or balloon to the ground when about to land. It may be used as a hold for a landing part, or as a check on the speed of the craft over the ground, and was also used as an automatic ballasting device tending to keep the craft at a constant level above the ground.
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The Transair/Piper PA-18-180 Super Cub 180 is a Swiss two-seat light cabin monoplane used for transport within mountainous regions. The Transair/Piper PA-18-180 Super Cub 180 is a development of the American Piper PA-18, and is a high-wing braced monoplane powered by a Lycoming O-360-A2A four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 209 kmh, and is fitted with wheel-ski landing gear.
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The Transall C-160 is a French/German medium-range medium tactical transport aircraft first flown in 1963. The Transall C.160NG is a high-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Rolls-Royce/SNECMA Tyne RTy 20 Mk 22 turboprops giving a top speed of 513 kmh and a fully loaded range of 1850 km. It carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 88 paratroops, or 93 fully equipped soldiers, or 62 litters and four medical attendants or up to 16000 kg of freight in the hold.
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The Transavia PL12 Airtruk is an Australian three-seater agricultural aircraft first flown in 1965. The Transavia Airtruk is an unconventional design monoplane powered by Continental IO-520-A engine providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 610 km. The Transavia Airtruk carries an agricultural payload of 2000 lb.
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The Transland Ag-2 is an American single-seater agricultural aircraft designed for both use over cultivated land and fighting forest fires. The Transland Ag-2 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Pratt and Whitney R-1340 S3H1 or AN-1 Wasp radial air-cooled engine providing a cruising speed of 203 kmh and a range of 730 km.
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The Trecker 166 was an American-assembled version of the Italian Piaggio P.166 aircraft.
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The Zlin Z-126 Trener 2 was a Czechoslovakian two-seater basic trainer aircraft developed from the Zlin 26 Trener and first flown in 1953. The Zlin Z-126 Trener 2 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Walter-Minor 4-III four-cylinder in-line inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 205 kmh and a range of 600 km.
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The Zlin Z-266T Trener 6 is a Czechoslovakian two-seater basic trainer aircraft developed in the mid-1950's, and winning the International Aerobatic Championship at Coventry, England in 1956. The Z-266T Trener 6 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by a Walter Minor 6-III six-cylinder in-line inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 220 kmh and a range of 480 km.
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The Zlin Z-326 Trener-Master is a Czechoslovakian two-seater basic trainer aircraft first flown in 1957. The Z-326 Trener-Master is a low-wing cantilever monoplane developed from the Z-266T Trener 6 aircraft, and powered by a Walter Minor 6-III six-cylinder in-line inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 245 kmh and a range of 650 km.
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A triplane is an aircraft whose wings are arranged in three tiers, one above the other. Triplanes have the advantage other biplanes and monoplanes of requiring a reduced span for the same carrying capacity.
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The TS-8 Bies is a Polish two-seater tandem basic trainer aircraft first flown in 1955. The TS-8 Bies is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by a Narkiewicz WN-3 seven-cylinder radial air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 312 kmh and a range of 800 km. The TS-8 Bies can be fitted with bomb-racks under the wings to carry 200 kg of practice bombs.
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The Tupolev Tu-104 (Camel) is a Soviet twin-jet airliner based upon the Soviet Tu-16 bomber aircraft, and was first flown in 1955. The Tupolev Tu-104 entered service with Aeroflot in 1956. The Tupolev Tu-104 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by two Mikulin AM-3 turbojet engines providing a top speed of 900 kmh and a range of 3200 km. The Tupolev Tu-104 usually carries fifty passengers. The Tupolev Tu-104A version carries 70 passengers in an alternative seating arrangement and is powered by Zubets RD-3M engines, being modified Mikulin Am-3 engines. A lengthened version, the Tupolev Tu-104B carries 100 passengers.
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The Tupolev Tu-110 (Cooker) is a Soviet four-jet airliner developed from the Tu-104 first shown in 1957. The Tupolev Tu-110 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by four Lyulka turbojet engines providing a top speed of 1000 kmh and a range of 3300 km. The Tupolev Tu-110 carries up to 100 passengers.
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The Tupolev Tu-114 (Cleat) is a Soviet four-engined airliner completed in 1957 and forming a civilian counterpart to the Soviet Tu-20 bomber aircraft. The Tupolev Tu-114 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by four Kuznetsov NK-012M or 022K turboprop engines providing a top speed of 910 kmh and a range of 14500 km. The Tupolev Tu-114 carries a crew of between ten and fifteen and up to 220 passengers in an eight-abreast seating pattern. The normal passenger arrangement is accommodation for 170 in a mixture of four and six-abreast seating.
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The Tupolev Tu-124 (Cookpot) is a Soviet short/medium-range light/medium transport aircraft developed in response to a need for a replacement for the Ilyushin Il-14. The Tu-124 first flew as a prototype in 1960 and entered service in 1962. The Tu-124 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D-20P turbofans providing a top speed of 970 kmh and a range of 1220 km fully laden. The original Tu-124 carried 44 passengers, the main production model, the Tu-124V carries a flight crew of four or five and up to 56 passengers or 6000 kg of freight in the cabin. Tow VIP variants were also produced in small numbers, the
Tu-124K carried 36 passengers and the Tu-124K2 carried 22 passengers.
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The Tupolev Tu-126 (Moss) was a Soviet airborne warning and control system aircraft in service from 1971 to the early 1990's. The Tupolev Tu-126 was powered by four KKBM NK-12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 850 kmh and a range of 12550 km. The Tupolev Tu-126 carried a flight crew of four or five and a mission crew of seven or eight in the cabin.
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The Tupolev Tu-134 (Crusty) is a Soviet short/medium-range medium transport aircraft first flown in 1960, entering service in 1962. The Tu-134 is powered by two PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D-30 II turbofans providing a top speed of 900 kmh and a range of 2000 km. The Tu-134 carries a flight crew of three and up to 76 passengers or 18000 lbs of freight in the cabin
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The Tupolev Tu-14 (Bosun) was a Soviet twin-engined bomber aircraft produced in 1947, and in service through the 1950's. The Tupolev Tu-14 was a shoulder-wing cantilever monoplane of metal construction powered by two Klimov VK-1 turbojets providing a top speed of 845 kmh and a range of 3010 km. The Tupolev Tu-14 carried a crew of five and was armed with two 23 mm cannons and could carry 3000 kg of bombs. Two additional variations were produced: the Tupolev Tu-14R was a reconnaissance model; the Tupolev Tu-14T was fitted with more powerful engines and had structural modifications and was issued to Naval Air Force squadrons.
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The Tupolev Tu-142 (Bear) is a Soviet long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft with anti-submarine capability. The Tupolev Tu-142 was developed from the earlier Tupolev Tu-95 and entered service in 1970. The Tupolev Tu-142 is powered by four KKBM NK-12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 925 kmh and a range of 6400 km. The Tupolev Tu-142 carries a flight crew of five and six and a mission crew in the cabin. Armaments consist of two 23 mm Nudel'man-Rikhter NR-23 cannons in a manned tail turret and up to 25000 lbs of disposable stores carried in two lower-fuselage weapon bays, typically comprising torpedoes, depth charges or mines.
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The Tupolev Tu-144 was a Russian supersonic airliner copied from plans of Concorde stolen by KGB agents during the 1960s and first flown in December 1968. Modifications were carried out due to wing problems, and these included the addition of a pair of short wings behind the cockpit. The TU-144 was first displayed to the world at the 1973 Paris air show, where unknown to the Soviet authorities French Mirage jets were employed to photograph the Tu-144 in flight to steal details of the extra wings. During the demonstration flight the Tu-144 unexpectedly came across a Mirage jet in its flight path, was forced to take drastic evasive action and upon diving broke up when the stresses upon the aircraft reached 5gs, causing the plane to fall in pieces out of the sky onto nearby houses killing the crew and eight French civilians, including some children.
An official investigation into the crash covered up the true nature of the incident for two reasons. Firstly the French didn't wish to admit that their covert operation had caused the accident which killed French civilians, and the Soviet government agreed to co-operate because they didn't wish to admit publicly that the Tu-144 was not as structurally strong as its rival, Concorde. The official report claimed that a camera, held by a four crewman in the three-seat cockpit had been dropped when the man was thrown to the ceiling during the evasive action, and this dropped camera had lodged in the well at the base of the control stick, jamming the plane in a dive. However, the firemen who recovered the bodies from the cockpit remains only found three bodies, not four as claimed by the official report.
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The Tupolev Tu-154 (Careless) is a Soviet medium/long-range medium transport aircraft developed during the 1960's, entering service in 1972. The Tu-154 is powered by three PNPP 'Aviadvigatel' D-30KU-154-II turbofans providing a top speed of 950 kmh and a range of 3740 km fully laden. The Tu-154 carries a flight crew of three or four and up to 180 passengers or 18000 kg of freight in the cabin.
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The Tupolev Tu-16 (Badger) is a Soviet strategic bomber in service since 1954. The Tupolev Tu-16 is a high mod-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two MNPK 'Soyuz' AM-3A turbojets providing a top speed of 992 kmh and a maximum range of 5929 km. The Tupolev Tu-16 is armed with six 23 mm NR-23 cannons in a radar-directed manned tail-turret and remotely-aimed upper dorsal and rear ventral barbettes, and one 23 mm NR-23 cannon in the starboard side of the nose, and up to 9000 kg of disposable stores in a lower-fuselage weapons bay.
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The Tu-160 (Blackjack) is a Soviet supersonic strategic bomber manufactured by the Tupolev Aircraft Research and Engineering Complex Joint Stock Company in Moscow and the Kazan based Gorbunov Aircraft Production Association in Tatarstan between 1980 and 1992. The purpose of the aircraft is the delivery of nuclear and conventional weapons deep in Continental theatres of operation and to this end the aircraft has all weather, day and night capability and can operate at all geographical latitudes. The Tu-160 can carry nuclear and conventional weapons including long range nuclear missiles. The missiles are accommodated on multi-station launchers in each of the two weapons bays. The Tu-160 is capable of carrying up to twelve Kh-55MS strategic cruise missiles, six in each bay. The weapons bays are also fitted with launchers for the Kh-15P rocket and the aircraft is also capable of carrying a range of aerial bombs with a total weight up to 40 tons. The Tu-160 is manned by a crew of four comprising a pilot and co-pilot, a navigator
and an operator. The aircraft propulsion system consists of four NK-32 augmented turbofan engines, which each provide a maximum thrust of 25000 kg providing a top speed of 1250 mph a range of 14000 km.
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The Tupolev Tu-2 was a Russian attack bomber of the Second World War designed as a replacement for the PE-2. The Tupolev Tu-2 carried a crew of three or four and was powered by two M-82 liquid-cooled engines providing a top speed of 557 kmh. Armaments consisted of two 20 mm cannons one mounted at each engine and four 0.50 inch machine-guns, one fixed in the extreme tail, the other three in movable mountings in the fuselage.
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The Tupolev Tu-20 (Bear) was a Soviet long-range strategic bomber aircraft developed in the early 1950's and in service during the 1960's and 1970's. The Tupolev Tu-20 was powered by four Kutsnetsov NK-12MV turboprops providing a top speed of 805 kmh and a range of 12550 km. The Tupolev Tu-20 carried a crew of ten and was armed with six 23 mm cannons positioned in two remote-control and one radar-controlled positions and could carry up to 25000 lbs of bombs. Reconnaissance variations were also later produced.
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The Tupolev Tu-22 (Blinder) is a Soviet long-range strategic bomber first flown in 1959 and in service since 1961. The Tu-22 is powered by two RKBM VD-7M turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.4 and a maximum range of 6500 km. Armaments consist of a 23 mm NR-23 cannon in a remotely-controlled tail barbette and carries up to 10000 kg of disposable stores in a lower-fuselage weapons bay, usually an AS-4 Kitchen anti-ship-missile.
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The Tupolev Tu-26 (Backfire) is a Soviet four-seater variable-geometry operational/strategic bomber derived from the Tu-22 in an effort to overcome the Tu-22's poor range and indifferent supersonic performance, the process being analogous to that which saw the evolution of the variable-geometry Sukhoi Su-17 series from the fixed-geometry Su-7. The Tu-22 first flew in the late 1960s before entering limited Soviet service in about 1974. It is armed with two 23 mm NR-23 cannons in a remotely-controlled tail barbette and up to 12000 kg of disposable stores carried in a lower-fuselage weapons bay, on two hard points, one under each wing glove, and on two triple tandem racks, one under each inlet duct. The Tu-26 generally carries one AS-4 Kitchen anti-ship missile or two AS-6 Kingfish anti-ship missiles.
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The Tupolev Tu-28 (Fiddler) was a Soviet two-seater long-range interceptor fighter in service from 1962 until the 1990's. The Tupolev Tu-28 was powered by two NPO Saturn AL-21F-3 turbojets providing a top speed of Mach 1.75 and a maximum range of 1250 km typically. Armaments consisted of up to 2000 kg of disposable stores are carried on four hard points, two under each wing, usually four AA-5 'Ash' air-to-air missiles.
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The Tupolev Tu-4 (Bull) was a Soviet strategic heavy bomber copied from the American B-29 and in service from 1949 until the 1980's. Work started on the design of the Tupolev Tu-4 in 1943 after the Americans refused to assist the USSR by providing B-29 bombers, and when three separate B-29 bombers crash landed in Siberia during 1944 they were seized and analysed by the Soviet authorities. The Tupolev Tu-4 was powered by four Shvetsov Ash-73TK radial piston engines providing a top speed of 558 kmh and a maximum range of 5100 km. Armaments consisted of ten Beresin UBT .5 inch heavy machine-guns or B-20E 20 mm cannons or Nudel'man-Suranov NS-23 23 mm cannons in a two-gun tail turret, two two-gun barbettes above the fuselage and two two-gun barbettes below the fuselage and up to 8000 kg of disposable stores carried in two lower-fuselage weapon bays. The Tupolev Tu-4 carried a flight crew of ten.
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The Tupolev Tu-95 (Bear) is a Soviet 10-seater strategic heavy bomber. It is armed with six 23 mm NR-23 cannon located as two each in a manned tail turret and two remotely-controlled barbettes, one dorsal and one ventral and up to 20000 kg of disposable stores carried in two lower-fuselage weapons bays. The Tu-95 has proved extraordinarily long-lived, the type having first flown in the late summer of 1954 and using, in the full production version from 1958, four Kuznetsov NK-12M turboprop engines driving vast counter-rotating propellers for great range and high subsonic performance. Each of the weapons bays was sized to accommodate one 5, 20 or 50-megaton free-fall thermonuclear weapon, an alternative being 20000 kg of conventional ordnance.
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The Tucan T-1 was an Argentinean, single seat, high-wing, light, rigidly-braced monoplane designed in the mid 1940s for touring and aerobatics. It was powered a 65 hp Continental A65 four-cylinder engine driving a two-blade Sfreddo y Paolini wood airscrew giving a top speed of 205 kmh and a range of six hours flying or 1100 km.
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The Tupolev is a Soviet medium-range strategic bomber and maritime strike/reconnaissance aircraft.
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The Turbay T-3A was an Argentine seven-seater light transport first flown as a prototype in 1964. The Turbay T-3A was a low-wing cantilever monoplane powered by two Lycoming O-360-A1D four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 318 kmh and a range of 1840 km.
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A turboprop engine is a combination of propeller and jet engine. The main thrust comes from the propeller, with only a small proportion coming from the jet exhaust. A turboprop engine handles a larger airflow than other aircraft engines, and generally the largest thrust for any given rate of fuel consumption. At about 450 mph the efficiency of the propeller is seriously impaired, so turboprop engines are only suitable for lower speeds.
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The Turner T-40 Ophelia Bumps was an American single-seater, amateur home-built sporting aircraft first flown in 1961, and four months later won the Experimental Aircraft Association Outstanding Design Award for 1961 and in 1962 it won second place in Experimental Aircraft Association design contest for a folding-wing, home-built aircraft. The Turner T-40 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with wings that folded backward for storage, constructed of wood with a glass-fibre engine cowling. The Turner T-40 was powered by a Continental C85-FJH fuel-injection four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 273 kmh and a range of 810 km.
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The Turner T-40A is an American side-by-side two-seat sporting aircraft designed for home build, and first flown in 1961. The Turner T-40A is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction powered by a Continental four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 765 km.
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The Turner T-40B is an American side-by-side two-seat sporting aircraft designed for home build, and first flown in 1967. The Turner T-40B is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction powered by a Continental four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 260 kmh and a range of 765 km. The Turner T-40B is basically a Turner T-40A aircraft, but fitted with tricycle landing gear and some other refinements including modified wings.
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The Camair Twin Navion was an American twin-engined conversion of the single-engined North American/Ryan Navion light aircraft. The Camair Twin Navion was a twin-engined, four-seater cabin monoplane first flown in 1943. The Camair Twin Navion was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of all-metal construction, the Model C was first produced in 1960 and powered by two Continental IO-470-D six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 322 kmh.
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The Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer is a British twin-engined transport aircraft designed for operation from small landing fields. The Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer is a high-wing braced monoplane first flown in 1957 and powered by two Alvis Leonides 531/8 radial air-cooled engines providing a top speed of 442 kmh and a range of 1080 km. The Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer civilian model can carry a crew of two or three and up to sixteen passengers; the military version can carry a crew of two and sixteen passengers or twelve fully equipped troops or ten paratroops or in an ambulance role can carry 12 litters. In a military bomber role the Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer can carry 2000 lb of bombs under sponsons.
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