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In architecture, a dado is that part of a pedestal included between the base and the cornice (or surbase), and in a wall, that part of the basement included between the base and the base course. In interior decoration, the dado is the lower part of the wall of an apartment when adorned with mouldings, or otherwise specially decorated.
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In architecture, a dais is a raised floor at the head of a dining-room, formerly decorated with a canopy, designed for use by guests of distinction.
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Dancette is the zigzag form of ornamentation common in Saxon and early Norman architecture.
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In architecture, the term dead wall refers to a blank wall unbroken by windows or other openings.
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Decastyle refers to a building (a temple etc) having ten columns in front of it.
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In architecture, a deck floor is a floor which also serves as a roof, as of a belfry or balcony for example.
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A deck roof is a nearly flat roof which is not surmounted by parapet walls.
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The decorated style is a name given by some writers to the perfected English Gothic architecture also known as the second style of pointed architecture, which flourished from about 1300 to 1375 when it passed into the Perpendicular. Rickman used the term to describe the period between Early English and Perpendicular, occupying most of the 14th century, and based his definition mainly upon window designs, many of which made use of the then new art of bar tracery.
The decorated style is distinguished from the Early English, from which it was developed, by the more flowing or wavy lines of its tracery, especially of its windows, by the more graceful combinationsof its foliage, by the greater richness of the decorations of the capitals of its columns, and of the mouldings of its doorways and niches, finials, etc, and generally by a style of ornamentation more profuse and naturalistic, though perhaps somewhat florid. The most distinctive ornament of the style is the ball-flower, which is usually inserted in a hollow moulding.
The Decorated style has been divided into two periods: the Early or Geometrical Decorated period, in which geometrical figures are largely introduced in the ornamentation; and the Decorated style proper, in which the peculiar characteristics of the style are exhibited. To this latter period belong some of the finest monuments of British architecture.
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In architecture, a dentil is one of a series of small square projecting blocks in the moulding of a cornice. They were originally employed as a decorative representation of the beam-ends of a wooden roof, the term has been extended to apply to objects made of wood.
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In architecture, a diamond is a pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.
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A diaper is a device employed in Gothic architecture for decorating the plain surface of a wall. It is a pattern of leaves and flowers, and sometimes it is worked into squares or lozenges. Diapers are sometimes carved in stone and sometimes painted and are generally used only in interior work.
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In architecture, a diglyph is a projecting face like the triglyph, but having only two channels or grooves sunk in it.
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In architecture a diminishing rule is a board cut with a concave edge, for fixing the entasis and curvature of a shaft.
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In architecture a diminishing stile is a stile which is narrower in one part than in another, as in many glazed doors.
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Dinas Brick is an infusible kind of brick made of a peculiar rock, containing 98 per cent of silica, with a little alumina, which occurs at Dinas, in the vale of Neath, in south Wales. The rock is crushed, moistened and moulded bya machine.
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In architecture, a discharging arch is an arch over a door, window, or other opening, designed to distribute the pressure of the wall above and thus relieve the part which is below it from the superincumbent weight. Such arches are commonly used over lintela and flat-headed openings.
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In painting and decorating, distemper is properly a composition of common white bound with either glue size or casein. The term is loosely, and inaccurately, frequently applied to any form of water paint or water thinned material.
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In architecture the term distyle refers to a structure having two columns in front. It is used to describe a temple, portico, or the like.
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In architecture, a ditriglyph is an interval between two columns admitting two triglyphs in the entablature. This arrangement of the intercolumniations was peculiar to the Doric order.
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In architecture the term dodecastyle refers to a structure having twelve columns in front. It is used to describe a temple, portico, or the like.
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In architecture the term dog-legged describes a flight of stairs, consisting of two or more straight portions connected by a platform (landing) or platforms, and running in opposite directions without an intervening well hole.
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In architecture, a dog-tooth is a decorative design consisting generally of a row of small sculptured four-leaved flowers embedded in a hollow moulding. Dog-tooth ornaments are probably Eastern in origin and were a favourite decoration of the Romanesque and Early English styles.
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A dome is a vaulted roof of spherical or other curvature, covering a building or part of it, and forming a common feature in Byzantine and also in Renaissance architecture. Cupola is also used as a synonym, or is applied to the interior, dome being applied to the exterior. Domes of the 19th century were semielliptical in vertical section, and were constructed of timber or cast-iron; but the ancient domes were nearly hemispherical and constructed of stone.
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A donjon is the grand central tower or keep of a Norman or mediaeval castle, frequently raised on an artificial elevation. It was the strongest portion of the building, a high square tower with walls of enormous thickness usually detached from the surround buildings by an open space walled, called the Inner Bailey, and another beyond called the Outer Bailey. Here, in case of the outward defences being breached, the garrison retreated to make their last stand. The donjon contained the great hall, and principal rooms of state for solemn occasions, and also the prison of the fortress.
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A door-nail is the plate or knob upon which a door-knocker strikes. From the door-nail comes the expression 'dead as a door-nail' an illusion to the numerous heavy blows upon the head that a door-nail receives, which must leave little capacity for life.
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A door-tree was a wooden bar used to secure a door at night from intruders.
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The Doric Order was the oldest and simplest of the three orders of architecture used by the Greeks, but ranked as second of the five orders adopted by the Romans. This order is distinguished, according to the treatment of details, as Grecian Doric, or Roman Doric.
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In architecture a dormant is a large beam in the roof of a house upon which portions of the other timbers rest or sleep.
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In architecture a dormer is a window pierced in a roof, and so set as to be vertical while the roof slopes away from it. The term also applies to the gablet, or house like structure, in which it is contained.
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In architecture, a double floor is a floor in which binding joists support flooring joists above and ceiling joists below.
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In architecture a double-framed floor is a double floor having girders into which the binding joists are framed.
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In architecture, a double-vault is one vault built over another so that a space is left between the two. It is used in domes or vaulted roofs when the external and internal arrangements require vaults differing in size or shape, the outer and upper vault being made to harmonize with the exterior of the building, the inner or lower with the interior.
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In architecture a dovetail moulding is a moulding of any convex section arranged in a sort of zigzag, like a series of dovetails.
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In masonry, the term draft describes a narrow border left on a finished stone, worked differently from the rest of its face, and also a narrow border worked to a plane surface along the edge of a stone, or across its face, as a guide to the stone-cutter.
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A drag is a steel instrument used by stone masons for completing the dressing of soft stone.
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A drawbridge is a bridge with a lifting floor, such as were formerly used for crossing the ditches of fortresses, or any movable bridge over a navigable channel where the height of the roadway is insufficient to allow vessels to pass underneath. Modern drawbridges across rivers, canals, the entrances of docks, etc, are generally made to open horizontally, and the movable portion is called a bascule, balance, or lifting bridge, a turning, swivel, or swing bridge, or a rolling bridge, in accordance with the mode in which it is made to open. Swing-bridges are usually divided into two parts meeting in the middle, and each moved on pivots on the opposite sides of the channel, or they may move as a whole on a pivot in the middle of the channel. Rolling bridges are suspended from a structure high above the water, and are propelled backwards and forwards by means of rollers.
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A drawing-room was traditionally a room to which the ladies withdrew (whence the name) or retired to after dinner, leaving the men to their port, cigars and talk. In general terms, drawing-room became a room appropriated for the reception of company; a room in which distinguished personages hold levees, or private persons receive parties.
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In architecture the drip is that part of a cornice, sill course, or other horizontal member, which projects beyond the rest, and is of such section as to throw off the rain water.
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In architecture, a dripstone or hood moulding is a corona or projecting tablet or moulding over the head of a doorway, window, archway, niche &c. and designed to throw off rain.
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In architecture a drop is a small pendent ornament.
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A drove chisel is a broad chisel used by stone masons to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface.
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Drove work is the grooved surface of stone finished by a drove chisel.
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In architecture, a drum is one of the cylindrical, or nearly cylindrical, blocks, of which the shaft of a column is composed. The term is also applied to a vertical wall, whether circular or polygonal in plan, carrying a cupola or dome.
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In architecture the dry area is a small open space reserved outside the foundation of a building to guard it from damp.
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In masonry, a dry wall is a stone or brick wall built without the use of mortar, the stones or bricks being self-supporting instead.
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In architecture, a dry well, also known as an absorbing well or a waste well, is a well used for draining away surface water and carrying it underground where it may be soaked up by the surrounding ground.
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Dry-out is a plastering term for when plaster which has had accelerators added dries before it is set. Subsequent decoration can result in water present in the decorating substance being absorbed by the plaster and the setting process restarted resulting in the skimming coat to buckle and flake off.
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The Dublin can was a style of elegant, yet simple, British clay chimney pot, slightly tapering with a thick bulge below the top and a thicker base.
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Dunnottar Castle is an extensive ruin on the coast of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on a precipitous rock rising from the sea. It dates from the close of the 14th century, and was long the stronghold of the Keiths, earls marischal. During the Commonwealth this castle was selected for the preservation of the Scottish regalia; and in 1685 it was used as a state prison for Covenanters. It was dismantled in 1720.
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Duplex paper is quality embossed wallpaper, reinforced with an additional backing paper that takes most of the strain when the paper is hung and reduces the tendency for the embossing to be misshapen or flattened during hanging.
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A durbar was an audience-room in the palaces of the native princes of India; and hence the name was given to a general reception by a ruler in British India or by any officer of rank.
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A duster brush (jamb duster) is a painter's large brush, about ten centimetres wide and three centimetres thick with long bristles, about eight centimetres long. A duster brush is used for removing dry grit, dirt and dust prior to painting.
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A Dutch door is a door divided horizontally into two halves each of which can be opened or closed independently of the other.
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In architecture a dwarf wall is a low wall, not as high as the story of a building, often used as a garden wall or fence.
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Abbreviations
Architecture
