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In architecture an M roof is a kind of roof formed by the junction of two common roofs with a valley between them, so that the section resembles the letter M.
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In architecture a machicolation is an opening between the corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, for shooting or dropping missiles upon assailants attacking the base of the walls.
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In architecture a main couple is the principal truss in a roof.
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In decorating, a manhelp is an adjustable length handle which may be attached to brushes to facilitate reaching otherwise inaccessible places.
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In architecture a Mansard roof is a hipped curb roof; that is, a roof having on all sides two slopes, the lower one being steeper than the upper one. It is named after its inventor, Francois Mansard, the French architect, who developed it so that the attic could be used as a room, in consequence of a municipal law limiting the height of front walls in Paris.
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A manse is a house provided for the clergy.
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In architecture a mantel is the finish around a fireplace, covering the chimney-breast in front and sometimes on both sides. The term is especially applied to a shelf above the fireplace, and its supports. The mantelpiece or mantelshelf as it was formerly known was originally designed as a shelf for hanging clothes from so as to dry them from the heat of the fire.
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In architecture a manteltree is the name given to a lintel of a fireplace when its made of wood, as was frequently the case in early houses.
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In decorating, mantling is decorative scrollwork or drapery found in heraldic painting. It derives its name from the mantles worn by mediaeval knights to prevent the armour overheating in the sun.
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A margin draft is a smooth cut margin on the face of hammer-dressed ashlar, adjacent to the joints.
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In architecture the margin of a course is that part of a course, usually of slates or shingles, which is not covered by the course immediately above it.
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In architecture a marmoratum opus is a kind of hard finish for plasterwork, made of plaster of Paris and marble dust, and capable of taking a high polish.
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In architecture a mask or mascaron is a grotesque head or face, used to adorn keystones and other prominent parts, to spout water in fountains, and the like.
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Mastic is a waterproof, plastic, putty-like substance used as a filler, sealant and jointing material that is plastic when applied and remains flexible after it dries. Mastic is used by builders, civil engineers and decorators and generally consists of bitumen, tar, resin, rubber or oil mixed with an inter fibrous or powdered filler.
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Mastic cement is a sealing compound formerly made from litharge and boiled oil, which sets harder than most other types of mastic.
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In architecture a member is any part of a building, whether constructional, such as a pier, column, lintel, or the like, or decorative, such as a moulding, or group of mouldings.
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In architecture a meros or merus is the plain surface between the channels of a triglyph.
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Mestizo style (also known as provincial highland style) is a term sometimes applied to a decorative style of architectural carving found in the Central Andes region of South America, dating to around the 17th and 18th centuries. Mestizo style is characterised by prolix relief carving on two levels with the edges deeply undercut, resulting in deep shadows outlining the designs when the sun shines on them. Mestizio style typically features a combination of traditional indigenous elements fused with elements of Christian symbolism.
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In architecture a metoche is the space between two dentils, or the space between two triglyphs.
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In architecture a metope is the space between two triglyphs of the Doric frieze, which, among the ancients, was often adorned with carved work.
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In Greek architecture, metopes are the spaces or intervening openings between the beam sockets or dentils, and in the Doric Order, the spaces between the triglyphs of the frieze. The term metopes is also used to describe sculptured slabs.
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In architecture a mezzanine is a partial story which is not on the same level with the story of the main part of the edifice, as of a back building, where the floors are on a level with landings of the staircase of the main house.
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Mezzo-rilievo is an architectural term for a sculptured work in which the figures project half their true proportions.
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In architecture a minaret is a slender, lofty tower attached to a mosque and surrounded by one or more projecting balconies, from which the summon to prayer is cried by the muezzin.
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In architecture a Minster is a church of a monastery. The name is often retained and applied to the church after the monastery has ceased to exist, and is also improperly used for any large church.
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In architecture a miserere or misericordia is a small projecting boss or bracket, on the under side of the hinged seat of a church stall. It was intended, the seat being turned up, to give some support to a worshiper when standing.
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In architecture a modillion is the enriched block or horizontal bracket generally found under the cornice of the Corinthian and Composite entablature, and sometimes, less ornamented, in the Ionic and other orders. It is so called because of its arrangement at regulated distances.
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In architecture, modular design refers to building design on the basis of units of fixed dimensions - for example all components may be of a dimension based on a multiple of 250 cm - and is typified by buildings constructed from prefabricated elements. Modular design makes use of standard components, allowing buildings to be erected very quickly - Hertfordshire County Council famously erected nearly fifty schools in 1946 using the technique.
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In architecture the term module is the size of some one part, for example the diameter of semi- diameter of the base of a shaft, taken as a unit of measure by which the proportions of the other parts of the composition are regulated. Generally, for columns, the semi-diameter is taken, and divided into a certain number of parts, called minutes, though often the diameter is taken, and any dimension is said to be so many modules and minutes in height, breadth, or projection.
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In decorating, moire refers to a wallpaper with a watered silk effect produced by means of a delicate emboss.
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In architecture the term monopteral is applied to temples which are round and without a cella; consisting of a single ring of columns supporting a roof.
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In architecture a monopteron is a circular temple consisting of a roof supported on columns, without a cella.
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In architecture a monotriglyph is a kind of intercolumniation in an entablature, in which only one triglyph and two metopes are introduced.
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In architecture a montant is an upright piece in any framework; a mullion or muntin; or a stile.
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The Monument of London is a tower consisting of a pedestal 40 feet high with a 202 feet high edifice on top of that, the height being the distance from the monument to the spot where the fire of London commenced. The monument was designed by Sir Christopher Wren and cost œ14500 to erect. Inside is a staircase of black marble and 345 steps. Four inscriptions originally adorned the monument, three in Latin and one in English which read 'This pillar was set up in perpetual remembrance of that most dreadful burning of this protestant city, begun and carried on by ye treachery and malice of ye popish faction, in ye beginning of septem. in ye year of our lord 1666 in order to ye carrying on their horrid plot for extirpating ye protestant religion and our English liberty, and ye introducing popery and slavery'. The English inscription, cut in 1681, was obliterated on the orders of James II and was later re-cut on the orders of William III before being finally obliterated by the orders of the common council in 1831. Due to a number of suicides where people threw
themselves from the viewing gallery at the top a fence was erected around the railing of the gallery in 1839.
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In gilding, a mop is a soft camel-hair brush used in the gilding of carved, moulded or modelled work, for the purpose of pressing the gold leaf into the crevices and intricate parts of the work.
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In architecture mortar is a building material made by mixing lime, cement, or plaster of Paris, with sand, water, and sometimes other materials. It is used in masonry for joining stones, bricks, etc., and also for plastering, and in other ways.
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In architecture a moulding is a plane, or curved, narrow surface, either sunk or projecting, used for decoration by means of the lights and shades upon its surface. Mouldings vary greatly in pattern, and are generally used in groups, the different members of each group projecting or retreating, one beyond another.
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In architecture a mullion is a slender bar or pier which forms the division between the lights of windows, screens, etc. The term is also applied to an upright member of a framing.
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In architecture a multifoil is an ornamental foliation consisting of more than five divisions or foils.
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In architecture, a muntin is a vertical part of a framed or panelled joinery construction which lies between the panels and the spans the distance between two horizontal rails.
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A mural is a wall decoration, as contrasted with a movable decoration such as an easel picture.
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In architecture a mutule is a projecting block worked under the corona of the Doric cornice, in the same situation as the modillion of the Corinthian and Composite orders.
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Abbreviations
Architecture
