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In music F is the name of the fourth tone of the model scale, or scale of C.
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In music, F sharp is a tone intermediate between F and G.
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In music Fa is a syllable applied to the fourth tone of the diatonic scale in solmization.
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In music the faburden is a species of counterpoint with a drone bass.
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In music the term false is used to describe something not in tune.
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In music, a false relation is a progression in harmony, in which a certain note in a chord appears in the next chord prefixed by a flat or sharp.
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The fandango is a Spanish dance involving lively movements accompanied by the chatter of castanets, snapping of fingers, and stamping of feet.
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A fanfare is a short, lively, loud, and warlike piece of music, composed for trumpets and kettle-drums. The term is also applied to small, lively pieces performed on hunting-horns, in the chase.
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In music a fantasia is a continuous composition, not divided into what are called movements, or governed by the ordinary rules of musical design, but in which the author's fancy roves unrestricted by set form or formal rules.
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The Farandola is an exciting dance traditionally popular amongst the peasants of the south of France and the neighbouring part of Italy. The men and women, placed alternately and facing different ways, form a long line winding out and in with a waving motion.
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Fiddle is another name for a violin.
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Fidelio is Ludwig van Beethoven's only opera. It was composed in 1804 and produced at Vienna in 1805.
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A fife is a small shrill pipe of the flute kind, resembling the piccolo flute, used chiefly to accompany the drum in military music. It is pierced with six finger-holes, and usually has one key. Its ordinary compass it is two octaves from D on the fourth line of the treble staff upwards. A combination of fifes and drums is the officially recognized music in the British army and navy.
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In music, a fifteenth is a stop in an organ tuned two octaves above the diaposon. In music a fifteenth is an interval consisting of two octaves.
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In music a fifth is an interval of three tones and a semitone, embracing five diatonic degrees of the scale.
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In music, figurate describes a florid piece involving passing discords by the freer melodic movement of one or more parts or voices in the harmony.
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In music a figurative counterpoint is that which is not simple, or in which the parts do not move together tone for tone, but in which freer movement of one or more parts mingles passing discords with the harmony.
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In music a figuration is a mixture of concords and discords.
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In music the term figured describes a free and florid style.
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In music, figured bass is, a bass part having the accompanying chords suggested by certain figures written above or below the notes - one of the most successful system of short-hand scoring in use among organists and pianists.
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In music a finale is the last movement of a symphony, sonata, concerto, or any instrumental composition.
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In music, a finger board is the part of a stringed instrument against which the fingers press the strings to vary the tone or the keyboard of a piano, organ, etc.
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In music, fingering is (a) the art of dexterously applying the fingers to a musical instrument in playing, (b) The marking of the notes of a piece of music, as for the piano, organ, harmonium, concertina, etc, so as to guide the fingers in playing.
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In music, fioriture are small decorations or embellishments introduced into a melody by a singer or player.
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The flageolet is an old musical wind instrument first appearing in the early 16th century and still in use until the 19th century and being the ancestor of the modern tin whistle. The flageolet is similar in shape and sound to the piccolo. It has four finger holes at the front and two thumb holes at the back.
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In music, flageolet tones are the natural harmonics or overtones of stringed instruments.
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In music flat indicates that a note is below the true pitch and hence is applied to intervals, minor, or lower by a half step for example a flat seventh or A flat. The term also describes a sound which is not sharp, shrill or acute.
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In music flatten means to lower the pitch of or to cause to sound less sharp.
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In music the term florid describes a style which is running in rapid melodic figures, divisions, or passages, as in variations.
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In music, fluework is a general name for organ stops in which the sound is caused by wind passing through a flue or fissure and striking an edge above as distinct from reedwork.
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The flugelhorn is a valved brass musical instrument in various pitches, the most commonly used being the alto in B flat. It is similar to a cornet, but with a wider bore and more mellow tone. It is used mainly in military and brass bands, but can also be found in Stravinsky's 'Threni' and Vaughan William's Ninth Symphony. From the middle of the 20th century it was increasingly used in jazz groups, the trumpeter Miles Davis exploiting its tonal richness to great effect.
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The flute is a tubular or sometimes globular musical instrument enclosing air that is set in vibration when the player's breath is directed against the sharp edge of the hole. Usually additional holes in the flute wall can be opened or closed to produce different pitches. In transverse, or horizontally, held flutes, such as the Western orchestral flute and the Chinese di, the mouth hole, or embouchure, is cut into the side of the tube. In end-blown, or vertically held, flutes the hole may be at the end of the tube (for example, the Arabic nay). In duct flutes, such as the end-blown penny whistle and the recorder and the police whistle and ocarina, a mouthpiece channels the breath against the edge of a sound hole.
The transverse flute, the typical flute of Western music, was known in China by about 900 BC. By about ad 1100 it reached Europe, where it became a military flute in German-speaking areas-hence its old name of German flute. Families of flutes from soprano to bass were played in 16th and 17th-century chamber music. Made in one piece, these flutes had a cylindrical bore and six fingerholes. The flute was redesigned in the late 1600s by the Hotteterre family of French woodwind makers. They built it in three sections, or joints, with one key and a conical bore tapering away from the player. This flute displaced the recorder as the typical orchestral flute in the late 1700s. Gradually, more keys were added to improve the intonation of certain tones; by about 1800 a four-keyed flute was common, and eight-keyed flutes were developed in the 19th century. In 1832 the German flute maker Theobald Boehm created an improved conical-bore flute, and in 1847 he patented his cylindrical-bore flute, which is the model in widest use now. The cylindrical Boehm flute is made of metal or wood and has thirteen or more tone holes controlled by a system of padded keys. Its range extends three octaves, from middle C upward. Other orchestral flutes include the piccolo and the alto and bass flutes.
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In music, forte means loudly, strongly or powerfully.
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Fortissimo is a musical term directing the singers to sing with the utmost strength and loudness.
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In ballet, a fouette is a whipping movement of the leg, often used to create momentum for a jump or turn.
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In music the fourteenth is the octave of the seventh.
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In music a fourth is the interval of two tones and a semitone, embracing four diatonic degrees of the scale.
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The fox-trot is a ball-room dance danced against jazz music.
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A free reed is a reed whose edges do not overlap the wind passage, as used in the harmonium, concertina, etc. It is distinguished from the beating or striking reed of the organ and clarinet.
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The French horn is an orchestral brass transposing instrument, developed from the hunting horn. It consists of a coiled tube with a wide bell and a cup-shaped mouthpiece. In the 18th century crooks of tubing were inserted to enable it to change a key. In the 19th century valves were fitted giving the horn in F a complete range of about three octaves above B below the bass stave.
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In music a fret is a short piece of wire, or other material fixed across the finger board of a guitar or a similar instrument, to indicate where the finger is to be placed.
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In music, fugato describes a composition in the fugue style, but not strictly like a fugue.
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In music a fughetta is a short, condensed fugue.
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A fugue is a polyphonic musical composition, developed from a given theme or themes, according to strict contrapuntal rules. The theme is first given out by one voice or part, and then, while that pursues its way, it is repeated by another at the interval of a fifth or fourth, and so on, until all the parts have answered one by one, continuing their several melodies and interweaving them in one complex progressive whole, in which the theme is often lost and reappears.
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A fuguist is a musician who composes or performs fugues.
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In music full organ describes an organ when all or most stops are out.
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In music a full score is a score in which all the parts for voices and instruments are given.
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In music the Fundamental bass is the lowest note or root of a chord; a bass consisting of a succession of fundamental notes.
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In music, a fundamental chord is a chord, the lowest tone of which is its root.
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In music, furioso is a directive to play with great force or vigour.
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Abbreviations
Music
