James Ussher or James Usher was an Irish prelate. He was born in 1581 at Dublin and died in 1656. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and was ordained in 1601. He became chancellor of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, in 1603, regius professor of divinity at Trinity College in 1697m was consecrated Bishop of Meath in 1621 and was tarnlstaed to Armagh in 1625. During his closing years he was a preacher at Lincoln's Inn, London. He calculated the chronology which is to be found in old editions of the Bible and was the author of several works. Research James Ussher
Armagh is a county in Northern Ireland (Ulster) surrounded by Monaghan, Tyrone, Lough Neagh, Down, and Lowth. The north-west of the county is undulating and fertile. The northern part, bordering on Lough Neagh, consists principally of extensive bogs. On the southern border is a range of barren hills. The chief rivers are the Blackwater, which separates it from Tyrone; the Upper Bann, which discharges itself into Lough Neagh; and the Callan, which falls into the Blackwater. There are several small lakes. The county was traditionally associated with the manufacture of linen.
Ulster (also known as Northern Ireland) is the most northerly of the four provinces of Ireland. It consists of the counties of Donegal, Londonderry, Antrim, Tyrone, Cavan, Fermanagh, Monaghan, Armagh, and Down. The early history of the province is largely one of tribal wars, but it appears to have been a kingdom, and in the 12th century was conquered by the English. It was divided into shires about 1580, and its plantation was promoted under Elizabeth and James I. Afterwards land was given to many of Cromwell's soldiers, and in those ways a large number of Scottish and English settlers were introduced. The modern capital is Belfast.
Early in the 12th century the English king created an earldom of Ulster. This was held by the family of Lacy, and later by that of de Burgh, from whom it passed by marriage to Lionel, duke of Clarence.
The presence in Ulster of two distinct races, the Irish and the descendants of settlers from Scotland and England, together with religious antagonisms, presented a formidable difficulty when the demand for Irish home rule became insistent. Opposed to any separation from Great Britain, the Protestants did much towards the defeat of Gladstone's home rule bills and the creation of the Unionist party in 1885-86. The Protestants redoubled their opposition in 1912, when H H Asquith's bill was introduced. Ulster made it clear that, it must be excluded from the operation of this measure. A covenant was drawn up pledging Ulstermen to resist the bill when it became law, and to set up a provisional government. A volunteer force was raised, and munitions imported. By the summer of 1914 it appeared likely that civil war would break out.
The outbreak of the Great War in August 1914, changed the situation. Political differences were sunk, and Ulster raised a large number of men for the fighting forces. The Ulster division (36th) reached France in October 1916, and distinguished itself in the battle of the Somme, 1916. A memorial stands at Thiepval to those who fell there, on July the 1st, 1916. .
In 1920 the Government of Ireland Act was accepted by Ulster under protest. Under it a Northern or Ulster parliament was set up. The area under it embraced the counties of Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry, and Tyrone, and the boroughs of Belfast and Londonderry. Its parliament consisted of a Senate and a House of Commons, which legislated on all except imperial matters, and certain questions temporarily reserved to the Imperial parliament, e.g. the postal service. The Senate consisted of two ex-officio and 24 elected members; the House of Commons of 62 elected members. Ulster continues to return 13 members to the Imperial House of Commons. The Act provided for a link with the Southern parliament in the council of Ireland, to which Ulster was to send elected senators and MP's.
The elections took place, arid a government was formed, with Sir J Craig as prime minister. On June the 22nd, 1921, the first parliament was opened by King George in Belfast. Meantime political and religious feuds between North and South had become intensified, and outrage and reprisal were reducing all ordered government to chaos. On December the 6th, the treaty between the Sinn Fein leaders and the British government was signed, and the Irish Free State came into being. It stipulated that Northern Ireland should have the option of remaining outside.
Early in 1922, as Ulster refused to enter the Irish Free State, the leaders of Southern Ireland began to make difficulties about the Ulster boundaries. The whole of Fermanagh, Tyrone, the southern portions of Armagh, and a large part of Down and part of Antrim were claimed. Tension became acute all along the Ulster border, and in February members of the Irish Republican army (IRA) crossed it and hostilities broke out in Belfast. The Irish leaders on both sides were summoned to London to a conference, at which, on March the 20th, an agreement was signed by representatives of North and South to co-operate in restoring peace. Roman Catholics and Protestants were supposedly impartially represented in the special police of Belfast and the six counties of Ulster.
Tensions continued through the remained of the 20th century, with republican separatists conducting a campaign of violence against the British and loyalist paramilitary groups murdering Catholics until eventually the British government was forced to negotiate with the republicans after their intelligence team were killed in a helicopter accident. At the start of the 21st century a new self-governing assembly of elected representatives, both republican and loyalist, from across the country was established and the organised armed struggles were declared over on all sides.
Ulster is a town in Ulster County, New York, USA.
Ulster is a township in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, USA. Research Ulster
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