Frederick Crace Calvert was an English chemist. He was born in 1819 at London and died in 1873. He received his scientific education in France. He was the first to manufacture pure carbolic acid, and established large works at Manchester for its production. He also did work on calico-printing, tanning and iron-puddling. Research Frederick Calvert
Carbolic acid (phenol, phenic acid, hydroxybenzene) is a strong poison used as an antiseptic and in painting, distilled from coal-tar. It was discovered by Laurent in 1846. When pure, carbolic acid is colourless and crystalline, but it is usually found as an oily liquid, often coloured, with a burning taste and the odour of creosote. Research Carbolic Acid
Coal-tar or gas-tar is a thick black viscous liquid produced by the destructive distillation of coal for the manufacture of illuminating gas, consisting principally of oily hydrocarbons. It passes over with the gas into the condensers along with ammonia liquor, but being heavier than the latter, it is easily separated from it when the whole is allowed to stand. It was formerly of comparatively little use; but ince the 19th century a great number of valuable products have been derived from it by distillation, such as ammonia, naphtha, creasote, carbolic acid, and benzene, while it is also the source of the whole series of aniline colours, and other dyes, of alizarine, salicylic acid, etc. Research Coal-tar
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Abbreviations
Research Red Poplar Leaf Beetle
