The Garner Case was one of the saddest of many noted American fugitive slave cases, and illustrates the horror of slavery from the desperate measures a mother would go to try and free her children from that horror.
Simeon Garner, his son and their families escaped from Kentucky to Cincinnati. They were pursued and after a desperate struggle captured. Margaret Garner, in order to save her children from slavery, had attempted to kill them during the struggle, and one was found dead when the fugitives were captured. The courts decided upon returning the slaves. On their way back to KentuckyMargaret made an unsuccessful attempt to drown herself and child. Research Garner Case
The Liberal Republican Party was an abortive offshoot from the regular American Republican party in 1870 to 1872. Its origin was a reaction from the coercive measures to maintain the newly-granted rights of the negroes and suppress the Ku Klux Klan organizations. A union of the Liberal Republicans and the Democrats was first formed with considerable success in Missouri in 1870 and 1871. They advocated universal suffrage, universal amnesty, a reform of the tariff and a cessation of the unconstitutional laws to cure Ku Klux Klan disorders. A general convention assembled at Cincinnati in May, 1872, and nominated Horace Greeley for President, whom the Democrats also nominated. He was defeated because many Democrats refused to vote for him. B Gratz Brown, of Missouri, was the candidate for Vice-President. Research Liberal Republican Party
The Loyal Order of Moose is a fraternal organisation founded in 1888 at Louisville, Kentucky, by John Henry Wilson. The first lodge was established in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Supreme Lodge, headquartered in Mooseheart, Illinois, co-ordinates the activities of the lodges and chapters in the USA and Canada. Two major philanthropic projects of the Moose are Mooseheart, a home and school for dependent children of deceased members, and Moosehaven in Orange Park, Florida, a home for aged members and their spouses. Moose lodges and chapters are also involved in local civic projects. Research Loyal Order of Moose
The Minnesota Register was the first newspaper of any importance issued in Minnesota. It was printed at Cincinnati and dated St Paul. McLean and Owens edited and published this journal. In August, 1849, it was consolidated with the Chronicle and was then called the Chronicle and Register. Its publication was continued until 1851. Research Minnesota Register
The People's Party was an American political organisation organized during the National Union Conference at Cincinnati, on May the 19th, 1891, and formed chiefly from the various Farmers' Alliances. A national committee was appointed to look after the interests of the new organization, and the platform of the Farmers' Alliance was indorsed advocating free silver; the sub-treasury plan; equal taxation; revenues limited to the necessity of the Government; a graduated income tax;
the election of President, Vice-President and Senate by a direct vote of the people; and prohibition of alien ownership of land. The National Convention at Omaha, Nebraska on July the 2nd, 1893, nominated James B Weaver, of Iowa, for President, and James G Field, of Virginia, for Vice-president. James B Weaver obtained a popular vote of 1,030,128 and an electoral vote of twenty-three. Research People's Party
Society of the Cincinnati is an organization founded in 1783 at the Verplank house, Fishkill, New York by Revolutionary officers. The organisation was rather romantically named after Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, a Roman farmer of the Fifth Century B.C, whom the originators of the organisation likened to George Washington, in that he was called from his fields to lead his country's army in battle. Membership was first extended mainly to the officers and their eldest sons, though a number of French officers were included. The principle of hereditary membership aroused popular jealousy. A pamphlet was published against it, the Governor of South Carolina denounced it, and the Legislatures of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Pennsylvania censured it. George Washington was elected the first President General of the Society in December 1783, a post he held until his death in 1799. During his presidency, in 1784 George Washington persuaded the order to abandon the hereditary feature. He was succeeded as president of the society by Alexander Hamilton.
The society is based upon the following principles:
'An Incessant Attention to preserve inviolate those exalted Rights and Liberties of Human Nature for which they have fought and bled, and without which the high Rank of a Rational Being is a Curse Instead of a Blessing.
An unalterable Determination to promote and cherish between the respective States that Union and national Honour so essentially necessary to their happiness, and the future Dignity of the American Empire
To render permanent the cordial Affection subsisting among the officers; this Spirit will dictate Brotherly Kindness in all things, and particularly extend to the most substantial Acts of Beneficence, according to the Ability of the Society, towards those Officers and their Families who unfortunately may be under the Necessity of receiving it.' Research Society of the Cincinnati
Whisky Ring was the name applied to an American criminal association of revenue officers and distillers, formed in St Louis in 1872 to defraud the Government of the internal revenue tax on distilled liquors. By 1874 it had spread into national proportions. Distillers were often forced to enter the ring or expect ruin in their business. There were branches of the ring at Chicago, Milwaukee, Peoria, Cincinnati and New Orleans, and an agent at Washington to corrupt the Treasury agents. In 1874 about $1,200,000 of taxes were unpaid. In 1875, at the suggestion of Mr. George Fishback, editor of the St Louis Democrat the Secretary of the Treasury appointed Mr. Myron Colony, of the CottonExchange, to make a secret investigation of the frauds. Through his efforts indictments were brought against 238 persons, and the Government was shown to have been defrauded of $1,650,000 in ten months. Among those concerned was General Babcock, President Grant's private secretary, and many other Government officials. Research Whisky Ring
The Passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was a species of pigeon formerly found in North America. The Passenger Pigeon was notable for its long wings, long narrow tail and the mass migrations undertaken by huge flocks of the birds, with every tree for miles laden with nests of the birds. The Passenger Pigeon was excessively hunted for the table, in one year over 15 million birds were killed in Michigan and Pennsylvania and after almost becoming extinct in 1888 it finally became extinct in 1914 when the last known bird died in the Zoological Gardens at Cincinnati. Research Passenger Pigeon
Henry Knox was an American patriot. He was nborn in 1750 at Boston and died in 1806. A bookseller before the American Revolution. He exchanged this occupation for that of an artillery officer, fought at Bunker Hill, and obtained much credit for his transfer of ordnance in the winter of 1775 - 1776 from the Canadian frontier and the Lake George region to the army around Boston. He was made a brigadier-general of artillery, fought with distinction at. Trenton, Brandywine, Monmouth and Yorktown, and received the grade of a major-general. He was active in the Cincinnati Society, and became Secretary of War under the old Congress in 1785. George Washington reappointed him to this position, which he filled until 1795. Research Henry Knox
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
Abbreviations
Research Garner Case
