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The term cloister is applied to a monastic establishment; a place for retirement from the world for religious duties.
Cloister is a generic term, and denotes a place of seclusion from the world for persons who devote their lives to religious purposes. It differs from a convent in that the distinctive idea of a cloister is that of seclusion from the world, while that of a convent is a community of living. Both terms denote houses for recluses of either sex.
A cloister or convent for monks is called a monastery; for nuns, a nunnery. An abbey is a convent or monastic institution governed by an abbot or an abbess; a priory is one governed by a prior or a prioress, and is usually affiliated to an abbey.
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A convent is a place of seclusion from the world for persons who devote their lives to religious purposes. It differs from a cloister in that it is a community of living rather than seclusion from the world. See cloister.
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Sir Arthur Helps was an English historian. He was born in 1817 and died in 1875. He was educated at Cambridge, graduating in 1835, and from 1859 until his death in 1875 was clerk of the privy-council. His works, which are for the most part of a subjective type comprise an early volume of essays; Thoughts in the Cloister and the Crowd (1835); Catherine Douglas, a Tragedy (1839); Essays written during the Intervals of Business (1841); Claims of Labour (1844); the series entitled Friends in Council (1847-59); Companions of my Solitude (1851); Brevia (1871); Conversations on War (1871); Thoughts on Government (1872); Animals and Their Masters (1873); Social Pressure (1875); the Spanish Conquest of America (1855-61); Lives of Pizarro (1869) and Cortes (1871); Realmah, a Romance (1868); and Ivan de Brion, a Russian story (1874). He also edited the Prince Consort's Speeches (1862), and the Queen's Leaves from a Journal (1868), receiving a knighthood shortly before his death.
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Charles Reade was a British novelist and dramatist. He was born in 1814 at Ipsden and died in 1884. Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, he became a fellow of that society and a barrister, but soon turned to literature. He began with writing plays, the first being put upon the stage in 1851. He wrote the 1861 novel 'The Cloister and the Hearth' which made his reputation.
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In architecture, an ambulatory is any part of a building intended for walking around a central space or shrine, such as the aisles of a cathedral or church. The term is used for the lateral or flanking porticos of an ancient Greek temple, and for the cloister of a monastery.
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Originally a chapter house was a room in a monastery where monks assembled daily to hear read a chapter from the Rule of their Order, and to transact communal business. Later canons and secular clergy built chapter houses. Early chapter houses were low, rectangular, stone-vaulted buildings built on the east of the cloister below the dormitory. In the 13th century large, splendid chapter houses were built adjoining cathedrals to serve the secular canons. In England circular of polygonal chapter houses were often built, the vault being supported by a single central column.
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A cloister is a covered passage or ambulatory on one side of a court; the term is also applied to a series of such passages on the different sides of any court, especially that of a monastery or a college.
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In architecture, a cloister garth is the garden or open part of a court enclosed by the cloisters.
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In architecture a gradatory is a series of steps from a cloister into a church.
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In architecture a paradise is an open space within a monastery or adjoining a church, like the space within a cloister, the open court before a basilica, etc.
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The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
©1993 - 2009 The Probert Encyclopaedia
Southampton, United Kingdom
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