The Crocus is a genus of plants of the family Iridaceae or Iris, forming one of the most common ornaments of the garden. They are natives to the northern parts of the Old World, especially southern Europe and the Middle East, and three grow wild in Britain. They may be divided, according to their period of flowering, into vernal and autumnal. Among the vernal crocuses may be mentioned the white and purple Crocus vernus; Crocus versicolor, distinguished by the yellow tube of its flower bearded with hairs, and its sweet scent; Crocus biflorus, the Scotch crocus, with beautiful pencilled sepals, and clear or bluish-white petals. Among the autumnal species are Crocus nudiflorus and Crocus sativus, whose long, reddish-orange, drooping stigmas, when dried, form saffron. Research Crocus More pictures of Crocus
Meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale) or autumn crocus, is a highly poisonous perennialherb of the family Liliaceae with an underground, brown, scaly corn which bears solitary, long violet and tubular crocus-like flowers in the autumn. The flowers differ from the crocuses in having six rather than three stamens. Research Meadow Saffron
Saffron (Crocus sativus) is a perennialherb of the family Iridaceae with a scaly underground corm and linear leaves with a pale midrib. The short scrape is terminated by a large pale-violet, six-lobed, funnel-shaped flower. The yellow style is tipped with three orange stigmas that extend beyond the perianth. The saffron used in cooking is the dried stigmas.
Saffron was first cultivated on a large scale in England at Saffron Walden by Thomas Smith, secretary of state to Edward VI. Research Saffron
Saffron Walden (recorded in the Domesday Book as Waledana and later known as Saffornewalden in the 16th century) is an old market town in Essex, England. Until the 18th century it was the principal centre for growing the saffroncrocus, hence its name. Saffron and wool paid for the beautiful, dominating church at its heart, one of the largest in Essex, St Mary the Virgin, magnificently rebuilt in about 1500, with the slender spire added in 1832 and rising to 59 meters. Research Saffron Walden