The Chisholm Case was a legal proceeding in the USA that eventually led, through the enactment of the 11th Amendment to the US. Constitution, to a limitation on the jurisdiction of the federal courts. Decided in 1793 by the US. Supreme Court, the case of Chisholm v. Georgia (2 Dallas 419) was brought against the state of Georgia by Alexander Chisholm, a citizen of South Carolina, regarding an inheritance of which he was the legatee. The Supreme Court took jurisdiction under ArticleIII, Section 2, of the Constitution, which confers jurisdiction on the federal courts in cases between a state and citizens of another state. Georgia challenged both the right of citizens to sue state governments and the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in such cases. The Supreme Court ruling affirmed the jurisdiction of the courts.
On March the 5th, 1794, Congress passed the 11th Amendment, which was ratified on February the 7th, 1795. It removed from the jurisdiction of the federal courts cases in which a citizen of one state is the plaintiff and the government of another state is the defendant; it limited the jurisdiction of the federal courts to cases in which the government of a state is the plaintiff and the citizen of another state is the defendant. Research Chisholm Case
The Dallas-Clarendon Treaty was a treaty arranged in England in 1856, to adjust difficulties between Great Britain and the United States respecting Central America, arising under the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. It was not ratified by the Senate. Research Dallas-Clarendon Treaty
Dallas was an American television soap-opera created by David Jacobs, about the lives of a Dallas oil family. Dallas ran from 1978 to 1991. Research Dallas
Alexander James Dallas was a Jamaican-born American economist and lawyer. He was born in 1759 and died in 1817. He took the oath of allegiance to Pennsylvania in 1783, and was US District Attorney from 1801 to 1814, when he became Secretary of the Treasury in Madison's Cabinet. On his suggestion the Second National Bank was incorporated in 1816, and to his efforts was largely due the financial success of the US Government from 1814 to 1817. Research Alexander Dallas
George Mifflin Dallas was an American politician. He was born in 1792 and died in 1864. He was Vice-President of the United States, had a training in diplomacy and law, was mayor of Philadelphia, and district attorney. From 1831 to 1833 he was US Senator from Pennsylvania, and was Attorney-General of the State in the two succeeding years. From 1837 until 1939 he was US Minister to Russia. When Polk was nominated by the Democrats in 1844, Dallas received the second honour, as a kind of protectionist gift to hold Pennsylvania. They were elected, and Dallas served as Vice-President from 1845 until 1849. In spite of his supposed protectionist leanings Dallas gave the casting vote in the Senate in favour of the Walker Tariff of 1846. His last public office was that of Minister to England from 1856 until 1861. Research George Dallas
James B McPherson was an American soldier. He was born in 1828 and died in 1864. A brilliant young general of the American Civil War, he graduated from West Point in 1853. In 1862 and 1863 he was with Grant in the Tennessee and Vicksburg campaigns, commanding a corps with distinguished success. In the spring of 1864 he was put in command of the Army of the Tennessee, and assisted Sherman in his advance into Georgia. He had a most important part in the fighting against Johnston at Resaca, New Hope Church, Dallas and Kenesaw Mountain. He was killed in the battle against Hood at Atlanta on July the 22nd, 1864. Research James McPherson
John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the 35th president of the USA from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. A son of the millionaire Joseph P Kennedy, he was born in 1917 and served with distinction in the navy during the Second World War. In 1953 he entered politics as the Democratic representative for Massachusetts. In 1953 he married Jacqueline Lee Bouvier. In 1960 he ran for president, beating Richard Nixon by a narrow margin to become the first Catholic president of the USA. Following his bungled attempt to invadeCuba he instructed the CIA to assassinate Fidel Castro. This also failed and resulted in the placing of Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba in 1962. Kennedy backed down, and the Soviets removed their missiles, and in 1963 a Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty was signed between the USA, Britain and the USSR. On the 22nd of November 1963, while being filmed for television as he drove through Dallas in an open car Kennedy was shot through the head by a sniper, and killed.
Despite controversy surrounding the killing, the undoubted assassin was Lee Harvey Oswald, who was himself shot and killed whilst in police custody awaiting trial. However, there are numerous theories as to whether the CIA or the KGB ordered the killing. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, and the publication of KGB files it is clear that the Soviets did not have a hand in the killing, as for another secret service, the matter is one for conjecture. Research John F Kennedy
Thomas Sweeney was an irish-American soldier. He was born in 1820 and died in 1892. He went to the United States from Ireland in 1832. He served with distinction during the Mexican War. He served at Wilson's Creek and Fort Donelson, and led a brigade at Shiloh. He commanded a division in the Atlantacampaign, and fought at Snake Creek Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain and Atlanta. He engaged in the Fenian invasion of Canada in 1866. Research Thomas Sweeney
William Woods was an American jurist, politician and soldier. He was born in 1824 and died in 1887. He was a member of the Ohio Legislature from 1857 to 1860, serving as Speaker of the House in 1358. He was commissioned a lieutenant-colonel of Ohio volunteers, and fought at Shiloh, Arkansas Post, Resaca, Dallas, Atlanta, Lovejoy Station and Bentonville. He led a division in Sherman's march to the sea. He was a US Circuit Judge from 1869 to 1880, when he became a Justice of the US Supreme Court. Research William Woods
Brad Pitt (real name William Bradley Pitt) is an American actor. He was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma in 1963. He started acting while attending the University of Missouri, and achieved success when he appeared in the soapopera ' Dallas', before rocketing to stardom for his starring role in the film 'Interview With The Vampire'. Research Brad Pitt
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
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