The erector spinae, or sacrospinalis, consists of several combined muscles which form a thick, elongated muscle mass that runs from the top of the neck to the small of the back. The overlapping column of long, slimmuscles stretch alongside to the rear of the vertebrae. They are innervated by posterior branches of the spinal nerves. These muscles link the vertebrae, helping you to stand upright and enabling you to bend and twist. Research Erector Spinae
The iliocostals cervicis (cervicalis ascendens) consists of several muscle straps that originated from the angles of the upper six ribs. The muscle straps have a number of tendons, varying in different individuals, which insert in the transverse processes of the middle cervical vertebrae. The muscle is innervated by dorsal branches of the thoracic nerve and supplied by branches from the aorta. The illiocostalis consists of three subdivisions: iliocostalis lumborum, iliocostalis thoracis, and iliocostalis cervicis. These muscles are a part of the external portion of the long erector spinae muscle group. Research Iliocostalis Cervicis
The iliocostals thoracis (iliocostalis dorsi) consists of several muscle straps that link the thoracic vertebrae and sacrum with the lower six or seven ribs. The muscle straps have a number of tendons, varying in different individuals, which insert in all angles in the lower six ribs. The muscle is innervated by dorsal branches of the thoracic nerve and supplied by branches from the aorta. The illiocostalis consists of three subdivisions: iliocostalis lumborum,
iliocostalis thoracis, and iliocostalis cervicis. These muscles are a part of the external portion of the long erector spinae muscle group. Research Iliocostalis Thoracis
The multifidus is a deep back muscle that runs along the entirespine and lies below the erector spinae muscles. It originates from the sacrum, sacroiliac ligament, mammillary processes of the lumbarvertebrae, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae and the articular processes of the last four cervical vertebrae. It consists of numerous bundles of fibres that cross over two to five vertebrae at a time and insert into the spinous processes of all the vertebrae, including the axis. The multifidus is innervated by branches of the spinal nerve and supplied by branches of the aorta. This muscle helps to bend and rotate the spine. Research Multifidus
 
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Matt and Leela Probert