P Licinius Gallienus was a Roman emperor, associated with his father Valerianus until the capture of the latter by the Persians in 260, when Gallienus continued to reign alone. His empire was limited by the revolt of most of the legions in the provinces, who chose their commanders as Caesars, and thus gave rise to the period known as the 'Time of the Thirty Tyrants.' Though given up to pleasure, he defeated the Goths in Thrace and Postumus in Gaul, and forced Aureolus, whom the legions of Illyria had proclaimed emperor, to take refuge in Milan. While making preparations to reduce that town he himself was assassinated in 268 AD. Research Gallienus
Valerian (Publius Licinius Valerianus) was a Roman Emperor from 253 to 260. He was born in 190 and died in 266. A leading sen ator, and censor in 251, he was sent by the emperor Gallus against the upstart emperor Aemilianus on the Danube, but both Gallus and Aemilianus were murdered, and Valerian, who had been proclaimed emperor in Rhaetia, was acknowledged by the senate. A good soldier and administrator, he deputed his son Gallienus to rule the west, and, after defeating the Goths, in 257, he recovered Antioch from the invading Persians, and pursued their king Shapur I to the Euphrates, but was captured near Edessa, in 260, and lived for the rest of his life in ignominious captivity. Research Valerian
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Abbreviations
Research Gallienus
