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Auxin is a hormone that promotes stem and root growth in plants. Auxins influence many aspects of plant growth and development, including cell enlargement, inhibition of development of axillary buds, tropisms, and the initiation of roots. Synthetic auxins are used in rooting powders for cuttings, and in some weed killers, where high auxin concentrations cause such rapid growth that the plants die. They are also used to prevent premature fruit drop in orchards. The most common naturally occurring auxin is known as indoleacetic acid, or IAA. It is produced in the shoot apex and transported to other parts of the plant.
 Research Auxin
John Jacob Abel was an American biochemist. He was born in 1857 at Cleveland, Ohio and died in 1938. He determined the molecular weight of cholesterol and in 1897 isolated the hormone adrenaline from the adrenal gland. In 1892 he discovered carbonic acid in horse urine and associated it with the production of urea. He also pioneered kidney dialysis.
Research John Abel
Absorbed medications come in various forms: ointments which are applied to the skin, such as nitro-glycerine ointment for angina. Transdermal patch. A medicinally impregnated adhesive bandage that gradually releases drug. Examples include nitro-glycerine for angina, scopolamine for motion sickness, nicotine for quitting smoking, and oestrogen for hormone replacement. Implants. These are capsules implanted under the skin that release a drug into the body for an extended period. Norplant, an effective form of long-term birth control, is the only commercially available implant today. Sublingual tablets, in which the drug is held under the tongue for rapid absorption into the bloodstream. For example nitro-glycerine capsules. Buccal tablets in which the drug is placed between the cheek and the gum, where it is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.
Research Absorbed Medications
ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) or corticotrophin is a polypeptide hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, that stimulates growth of the adrenal gland and the synthesis and secretion of corticosteroids. It is used in treating rheumatoid arthritis, allergic and skin diseases, and many other disorders.
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Alprostadil is a synthetic hormone used to induce labour (through ripening the cervix) in pregnant women. It is applied as a gel behind the cervix, which it is absorbed by and causes the cervix to dilate and contractions to occur. It carries with it the risk of distressing the baby which may not be able to cope with the sudden and violent contractions, and may also have the side effect of causing the woman to experience a long and agonising labour of pseudo-contractions before real contractions commence.
Research Alprostadil
Aspiration is a procedure used to obtain eggs from ovarian follicles for use in in-vitro fertilization. The procedure may be performed during laparoscopy, using a long needle and ultrasound to locate the follicle in the ovary. For the procedure, the woman is given hormone medications to stimulate the ovaries so that several mature eggs develop. After 36 hours, an ultrasound scan is used to view and locate the eggs. Special software allows the health care provider to view one ovum at a time and helps guide the needle through the vaginal wall towards the eggs, called ova, for removal. Usually several ova are removed at one time.
Research Aspiration
Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the thyroid that lowers blood calcium. It is often used in the treatment of hypercalcemia.
Research Calcitonin
Cortisone is a glucocorticoid hormone, the synthetic form of which has been used in treating rheumatoid arthritis, allergic and skin diseases, leukaemia and other diseases.
Research Cortisone
The Endocrine System is a number of separate glands differing in structure and function, but all characterised by the fact that they have no ducts through which to discharge their secretions; but instead discharge them straight into the blood-stream. These secretions are called hormones or sometimes endocrines. Hormone- producing tissues may be classified into three groups: purely endocrine glands, which function solely in hormone production; endo-exocrine glands, those that produce other types of secretions as well as hormones; and certain nonglandular tissues, such as the autonomic nerves, which produce hormone-like substances.
Research Endocrine System
Enterokinase is a hormone manufactured in the wall of the intestine and causes the pancreas to secrete when it is received.
Research Enterokinase
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The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
©1993 - 2009 The Probert Encyclopaedia
Southampton, United Kingdom
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