Camomile or Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is an annual perennial dwarf herb of the family Compositae found in Europe. The stem is hollow, round, downy, and furrowed. The leaves are pale green, sharply incised, sessile. The flowers are small, yellow-white. Camomile is used in medicine. Internally the infusion of the flowers is used for diarrhoea, dyspepsia, stomach problems, inflammation of the urinary system and painful menstruation. In external use, it is used in infusion, as a compresses over sores and wounds, skin diseases, haemorrhoid and inflammation of the eyes. The ground seeds produce the same effect. The decoction of the flowers or seeds is used to washmouthinflammation. It is a good aid for sitz bath. The steam (vapour) bath of the camomile tea is recommended for asthma in children, or the relieve the symptoms of a cold. Research Camomile
John Hunter was a Scottish anatomist and surgeon. He was born in 1728 at Long Calderwood and died in 1793. He assisted his brother-in-law, a carpenter in Glasgow, for some time in his trade, but afterwards in 1748 he travelled to London and joined his brother, William Hunter a prosperous surgeon parctising in London, becoming a master of anatomy in 1753 and house surgeon at St George'sHospital in 1756, and also lectured in his brother's school of anatomy. In 1760, his health needing a change of climate, he became staff-surgeon and went with the army to Portugal. Three years afterwards he returned to London, and, in 1768, was appointed surgeon to St George'sHospital; in 1790 surgeon-general to the army, and inspector-general of hospitals.
John Hunter contributed greatly to the high development of English surgery, as well as to the advance of anatomy and physiology. One of his chief works was on the Blood, Inflammation, and Gun-shot Wounds (published in 1794). His valuable museum of surgical and anatomical subjects was purchased by the government and presented to the Royal College of Surgeons.
John Hunter was a British admiral. He was born in 1738 at Leith and died in 1821. He served in the Rochefort expedition of 1757, at the capture of Quebec in 1759, at the Dogger Bank in 1781, and at Gibraltar in 1782. In 1786 he helped Commodore Arthur Philip to establish the colony of New South Wales and surveyed Port Jackson. He carried a settling party to Norfolk Island and from 1795 to 1800 was governor of New South Wales. Research John Hunter
Acute prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate, a condition often heralded by symptoms similar to those of cystitis: frequent, painful urination and nocturia. There may also be a discharge from the urethra. Prostatitis may also be accompanied by fever, chills, and pain in the perineal region behind the scrotum, the lower back, or above the pubic bone. The most common cause of acute prostatitis is bacterial infection, which can result from infected urine. Research Acute Prostatitis
Adenitis is an inflammation of the lymphatic glands. It may be either acute or chronic. As a rule, adenitis is a symptom of some disease process within the area of the body that is drained by the lymphatic channels in which the affected lymphatic glands are situated. In acute adenitis the disease is usually an infected wound or sore, the invading micro-organisms being carried away by the lymphatics and trapped in the glands, where, in turn, they set up inflammation, causing enlargement of the gland, and sometimes suppuration. Chronic adenitis may be due to a chronic infection, such as tuberculosis. Lymphatic glands are also the seat of secondary cancer, the malignant growth cells being carried along the lymphatic channels from the primary cancer. Lymphadenoma or Hodgkin's disease also causes enlargement of the lymphatic glands. Research Adenitis
Aphonia is the greater or less impairment, or the complete loss of the power of emitting vocal sound. The slightest and less permanent forms often arise from extreme nervousness, fright, and hysteria. Slight forms of structural aphonia are of a catarrhal nature, resulting from more or less congestion and tumefaction of the mucous and submucous tissues of the larynx and adjoining parts. Severer cases are frequently occasioned by serous infiltration into the submucous tissue, with or without inflammation of the mucousmembrane of the larynx and of its vicinity. The voice may also be affected in different degrees by inflammatory affections of the fauces and tonsils; by tumours in these situations; by morbid growths pressing on or implicating the larynx or trachea; by aneurisms; and most frequently by chronic laryngitis and its consequences, especially thickening, ulceration, etc. Research Aphonia
Appendicitis is a disease which became well-known during the 19th century. It consists in inflammation of the vermiformappendix of the large intestine, a somewhat wormlike hollow body, several inches long, projecting from and opening into the intestine, but closed at the opposite extremity. In appendicitis proper the inflammation begins in the appendix and spreads to neighbouring parts, and thus the disease is sometimes included under the term perityphlitis, which more strictly belongs to inflammation connected with the caecum, and not necessarily with the appendix.
Appendicitis is usually set up by more or less hard bodies that become lodged in the appendix, especially particles of food that have not been sufficiently masticated. The disease may be very slight, lasting for a day or two, and accompanied with some pain and sickness; or it may take a severe and violent form, the result being death in a few hours. Death may also occur at a longer interval, when an abscess forms, which bursts into the abdominal cavity. There are also cases of chronic and of relapsing appendicitis, and in these removal of the organ is necessary. Some surgeons resort to removal of the appendix in all cases of the disease. The usual symptoms are such as pain in the belly, especially low down on the right side, fever, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. Early remedies were such as rest in bed, hot fomentations or poultices applied to the belly, with opium to relieve pain, food being given in small quantities, in the fluid form and hot. During the 20th century surgery became the preferred treatment, the appendix being cut out by a surgeon. Research Appendicitis
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
Abbreviations
Research Camomile
More information about 
