The crocodile bird (Pluvianus aegyptius) is a plover-like courser so named from its association with the Nilecrocodile from which it picks and eats parasites from the crocodile's mouth. The crocodile and the crocodile bird exhibit symbiosis, the crocodile bird providing a lookout for danger for the crocodile and a tooth cleaning service in exchange for food. Research Crocodile Bird
John W Geary was an American soldier and politician. He was born in 1819 and died in 1873. He commanded at Chapultepec in 1846, was prominent in California politics from 1849 to 1852, was Governor of Kansas 1856 to 1857, and during the Rebellion won distinction at Bolivar Heights, Cedar Mountain and Lookout Mountain, being promoted major-general. He was Republican Governor of Pennsylvania from 1866 to 1873. Research John W. Geary
Joseph Hooker was an American soldier. He was born in 1814 at Massachusetts and died in 1879. Educated at West Point, he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for his gallant service during the Mexican War from 1846 until 1848. He was appointed a brigadier-general of the National forces in 1861, and commanded a division in 1862 in the Army of the Potomac. He was brevetted major-general for services at Yorktown, Williamsburg and Malvern Hill. He had important commands at South Mountain, Antietam and Fredericksburg. In 1863 he succeeded Ambrose E. Burnside in command of the Army of the Potomac, and conducted the Battle of Chancellorsville, but, being unsuccessful, was soon after succeeded by General George Meade. He was assigned command in the Army of the Cumberland, and fought at Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. He accompanied Sherman in his march through Georgia until the siege of Atlanta. He was brevetted major-general in the regular army in 1865, and retired in 1868. Research Joseph Hooker
Sir Stanley Matthews is an English Association Football player. He was born in 1915 at Hanley. The son of boxer Jack Matthews. Stanley Matthews started as a sprinter switching to Association Football and playing for Stoke City where he had worked as ground staff since he left school, as a winger in 1931. He left Stoke City to play for Blackpool in 1947, leaving Blackpool and returning to Stoke City in 1961. He played in 701 league and 86 FACupmatches and played 54 times for England.
The Battle of Chattanooga was a famous battle of the American Civil War in which Bragg with an army of 53,000 Confederates was utterly routed by Ulysses Simpson Grant and his 80,000 Federals. Bragg, after defeating Rosecrans at Chickamauga, advanced upon Chattanooga and Ulysses Simpson Grant hastened to meet him. Bragg's army extended about twelve miles, lying along Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge with its centre stretching across Chattanoogavalley. The battle took place between November the 23rd and 25th, 1863. Ulysses Simpson Grant placed William Sherman on his left facing Missionary Ridge, Thomas in the centre across the valley and Joseph Hooker on his right opposite Lookout Mountain.
Laying two bridges across the Tennessee River on the night of the 23rd, William Sherman crossed and attempted to attack Missionary Ridge. Joseph Hooker, on the 24th, made a detour of Lookout Mountain, climbed its heights and dispersed the Confederates stationed there. This was called the 'Battle of the Clouds'. On the 25th, Ulysses Simpson Grant, perceiving that Bragg was massing his forces against William Sherman, ordered Thomas to advance against the Confederate centre. Thomas broke the centre and followed William Sherman to Missionary Ridge. The Confederates were routed, their guns being captured and turned against them. The defeat of the entire Confederate army followed and Bragg joined the flight. Research Battle of Chattanooga
The Forty-Second Alabama Infantry Regiment was organised at Columbus, Mississippi in May 1862, and was composed principally of men who re- organised, in two or three instances as entire companies, after serving a year as the Second Alabama Infantry. The regiment joined Generals Price and Van Dorn at Ripley in September, and was brigaded under General John C. Moore of Texas. A month later the Forty-second went into the battle of Corinth with 700 men, and lost 98 killed and about 250 wounded and captured in the fighting. It was part of the garrison of Vicksburg, and lost 10 killed and about 95 wounded there, and the remainder captured at the surrender of the fortress. The Forty-second was in parole camp at Demopolis, then joined the Army of Tennessee. It fought with severe loss at Lookout and Mission Ridge, and wintered at Dalton. General Baker of Barbour then took command of the brigade, which was in Clayton's (Stewart's) division, Polk's corps. In the spring the Forty-second fought at Resaca with a loss of 59 killed and wounded. It was then continually skirmishing until the Battle of New Hope, where its losses were comparatively light, as they were at Atlanta on the 22nd of July. On the 28th of July the losses were very heavy, and the ranks of the regiment were severely thinned by the casualties of battle. A few days later the regiment was sent to Spanish Fort, where it remained on garrison duty during the autumn, and until January 1865. It then moved into North Carolina, and its colours floated in the thickest of the battle at Bentonville, and were furled at the capitulation of that army. Research Forty-Second Alabama Infantry Regiment
The March to the Sea was General Sherman's celebrated march from Atlanta to Savannah with a Union army of over 60,000 men, between November the 15th and December the 31st, 1864 during the American Civil War. Burning the Confederate shops, depots and storehouses, and leaving Thomas with two corps to look after Hood, Sherman set out with the Fifteenth, Seventeenth, Fourteenth and Twentieth corps of infantry, 5063 cavalry under Kilpatrick, 1812 artillerymen, and enormous trains of wagons and ambulances. The line of march extended nearly sixty miles through the very heart of the Confederacy, passing through Rough and Ready, Jonesboro, Covington, McDonough, Macon, Milledgeville, Gibson, Louisville, Millen, Springfield and many smaller towns.
The march was 300 miles in length. The soldiers were allowed to pillage freely, discriminating between the rich and poor. The Georgia Central Railroad was wholly destroyed, besides thousands of dollars' worth of other property. Foraging parties preceded the army, and scouts were kept constantly on the lookout for Confederate attacks. Sherman lost 764 men on the march. Savannah was captured, after some days of siege, on December the 21st, Sherman presenting the-city to Abraham Lincoln as a 'Christmaspresent'. Research March To The Sea
HMS Lookout was a British Lightning class (later Laforey Class) destroyer of 1920 tons displacement built under the British War construction programme and launched in 1940. She was armed with six 4.7-inch guns; several smaller guns and eight 21-inch torpedo tubes. She was powered by two Admiralty 3-drum type boilers providing a top speed of 36.5 knots. Research Lookout
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