Alexander I was King of Scotland from 1107 to 1124. A son of Malcolm Canmore and Margaret of England, he succeeded his brother Edgar in 1107, and governed with great ability until his death in 1124. He was a great benefactor of the church, and a firm vindicator of the national independence.
Alexander I was a King of Yugoslavia. He was born in 1888 and died in 1934. He was of the Karageorgevic dynasty of Serbia, ascending the throne in 1921 he tried to overcome the ethnic, religious, and regional rivalries in his country by means of a personal dictatorship in 1929, supported by the army. In the interest of greater unity, he changed the name of his kingdom, which consisted of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, to 'Yugoslavia' in 1929. In 1931 some civil rights were restored, but they proved insufficient to quell rising political and separatist dissent, aggravated by economic depression. He was planning to restore parliamentary government when he was assassinated by a Croatian terrorist.
Alexander I was an Emperor of Russia. He was born in 1777 and died in 1825. He was the son of Paul I, and is believed to have assisted indirectly in his father's murder. He ascended the throne in 1801 and reigned until 1825. He set out to reform Russia and correct many of the injustices of the preceding reign. His private committee - the Neglasny Komitet - introduced plans for public education, but his reliance on the nobility made it impossible for him to abolish serfdom. His adviser, Speransky, pressed for a more liberal constitution, but the nobles secured his fall in 1812. At first a supporter of the coalition against Napoleon, his defeats by the latter at Austerlitz in 1805 and Friedland in 1807 resulted in the Treaties of Tilsit and in his support of the Continental System against the British.
His wars with Persia from 1804 to 1813 and with Turkey from 1806 to 1812 brought territorial gains, including the acquisition of Georgia and his armies helped to defeat Napoleon's grande armee at Leipzig, after its retreat from Moscow in 1812. In an effort to uphold Christian morality in Europe he formed a Holy Alliance of European monarchs, and became increasingly conservative in his domestic policies. The constitution he gave to Poland scarcely disguised the rule of the military there. He was reported to have died while in the Crimea, but rumour persisted that he had escaped to Siberia and became a hermit. Research Alexander I
Sir David Dalrymple, LordHailes, was a Scottish lawyer, antiquary, and historian. He was born in 1726 at Edinburgh and died in 1792. He studied at Eton and Utrecht. In 1748 he was called to the bar, and in 1766 was made a judge of the Court of Session. His publications were numerous, but consist principally of new editions and translations. Of his original productions the Annals of Scotland from Malcolm Canmore to the Accession of the House of Stuart, is the most important. Research David Dalrymple
David I was King of Scotland from 1124 to 1153. The son of Malcolm Canmore he was born about 1080 and died in 1153. He succeeded his brother Alexander I in 1124. He was the first to introduce feudal institutions and ideas into his native land. He twice invaded England to support his niece Matilda against Stephen, her rival claimant for the English crown, during one of his incursions being defeated at the Battle of the Standard in 1138. After David I's death he was succeeded by his grandson Malcolm. He acquired a considerable reputation for sanctity. While yet Prince of Cumbria he had begun the re-establishment or restoration of the Glasgow bishopric, and after he became king founded the bishoprics of Aberdeen, Ross, Caithness, Brechin, and Dunblane. Among the religious houses for regulars which date from his reign are Holyrood, Melrose, Jedburgh, Kelso, Dryburgh, Newbattle, etc. His services to the church procured for him the popular title of saint, but the endowments so taxed the royal domains and possessions that James VI bitterly characterized him as 'ane sair sanct for the crown.' Research David I
Donald Campbell was a British soldier. He was born in 1735 and died in 1763. While he was stationed at Detroit he met with Pontiac, who was then besieging the city, in conference. Donald Campbell was treacherously not permitted to return, and was tortured to death by the Indians.
Edgar Atheling was an English noble of the 11th century. He was the grandson of Edmund Ironside and son of Edward the Outlaw. He was born in Hungary, where his father had been conveyed in infancy to escape the designs of Canute. After the Battle of Hastings, Edgar (who had been brought to England in 1057) was proclaimed king of England by the Saxons, but made peace with William I and accepted the Earldom of Oxford. Having been engaged in some conspiracy against the king he was forced to seek refuge in Scotland, where bis sister Margaret became the wife of Malcolm Canmore. Edgar subsequently was reconciled with William and was allowed to live at Rouen, where a pension was assigned to him. Afterwards with the sanction of William Rufus he undertook an expedition to Scotland for the purpose of displacing the usurperDonald Bane, in favour of his nephew Edgar, son of Malcolm Canmore, and in this object he succeeded. He afterwards took part in Duke Robert's unsuccessful struggle with Henry I, but was allowed to spend the remainder of his life quietly in England. Research Edgar Atheling
Edmund I (the Elder or the Magnificent) was a king of England. He was born in 926 and died in 946. He succeeded his half-brother Athelstan as King of England in 940 and reigned until his death in 946. He conquered Cumbria, which he bestowed on Malcolm, king of Scotland, on condition of doing homage for it to himself. He was slain at a banquet on May the 26th, 946. Research Edmund I
Sir Francis Chantrey was an English sculptor. He was born in 1781 near Sheffield and died in 1842. He was the son of a well-to-do carpenter. Even in boyhood his chief amusement was in drawing and modelling figures, and he was apprenticed in 1797 to a carver and gilder. In 1802 he commenced work for himself at Sheffield by taking portraits in coloured chalks. After studying at the Royal Academy in London he eventually settled in the metropolis, where he presented numerous busts at the exhibitions of the Royal Academy. One of these, in 1811, attracted the admiration of Nollekens, who had the generosity to exclaim, 'There's a fine, a very fine busto; let the man who made it be known; remove one of my busts and put this one in its place, for it well deserves it.' This was the commencement of his career of fame and fortune, and he soon came to be regarded as the first monumental sculptor of his time. In 1816 he was chosen an associate and in 1818 a member of the Royal Academy. He was knighted in 1835.
His most celebrated works are the Sleeping Children, in LichfieldCathedral; the statue of Lady Louisa Russell, in Woburn Abbey; the bronze statue of William Pitt, in Hanover Square, London; a statue of George Washington, in the States House, Boston; and statues of Horner, Canning, Sir J Malcolm, etc, in Westminster Abbey. His best works are bis busts, but his full-length figures betray an insufficient acquaintance with anatomy, and several of his equestrian statues are still more defective. Research Francis Chantrey
Henry I (Henry Beauclere - Henry Fine Scholar) was King of England from 1101 to 1135. He was born in 1068 at Selby and died in 1135. The youngest son of William the Conqueror, he was hunting with William Rufus when that prince was killed, in 1100, and instantly riding to London, caused himself to be proclaimed king, to the prejudice of his elder brother Robert, then absent as a Crusader. Henry I re-established by charter the laws of Edward the Confessor, recalled Anselm to the primacy, and married Matilda, daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland, thus conciliating in turn the people, the church, and the Scots.
Robert landed an army, but was pacified with a pension, and the promise of succession in event of his brother's decease. Soon after, however, Henry I invaded Normandy, took Robert prisoner in 1106, and reduced the duchy. He was successful also in the struggle with France. The last years of his reign were very troubled. In 1120 his only son William was drowned in returning from Normandy, where, three years later, a revolt occurred in favour of Robert's son. The Welsh also were a source of disturbance. Henry I appointed as his heir his daughter Matilda or Maud, whom he had married first to the Emperor Henry V, and then to Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou. Henry was succeeded by Stephen. Research Henry I
Macbeth was King of Scotland from 1040 until his death in 1057. Macbeth's story was fictitiously told by William Shakespeare in his play Macbeth. In fact, Macbeth came to power after killing his cousin, Duncan I, in battle near Elgin on August the 14th 1040. He was killed in a battle against Malcolm, the eldest son of Duncan I, who was assisted by the English. Research Macbeth
 
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