George Edmund Street was an English architect. He was born in 1824 at Woodford, Essex and died in 1881. He became an assistant in the office of Sir George Scott and by 1855 was widely recognised as a leading authority on the Gothic style. He was elected ARA in 1866 and RA in 1871. In 1868 he was nominated sole architect of the royal courts of justice in London. Among his other works are the nave of Bristolcathedral. Research George Street
Aberdeen is a city on the east coast of Scotland in the region of Grampian. Aberdeen is Scotland's third largest city, granite-built (nicknamed 'The Granite City') it lies on the estuaries of the rivers Dee and Don. For years it was dependant on ship-building and fishing, the city's prosperity since the 1970s has been linked with oil and gas from the North Sea.
Aberdeen's City charters date back to 1179 when it was already becoming a major trading centre. Today, outlying Old Aberdeen, united with Aberdeen in 1891, still shows the mediaeval street layout. At its heart lies the Cathedral of St Machar, an early granite building, with a twin-towered west front and wooden naveceiling. Near by is King's College Chapel built in 1495, an admirable early University edifice.
In architecture, an aisle is a lateral division of a building, separated from the middle part, called the nave, by a row of columns or piers, which support the roof or an upper wall containing windows, called the clerestory wall. Research Aisle
The clerestory is that part of the walls of a Gothicchurch which rise above the aisle and contains a row of windows. Its purpose being to admit as much light as possible to the nave. Research Clerestory
The Crystal Palace was a large building with a central hall, 1600 ft long, built entirely of iron and glass, with towers at either end 282 ft high, at Sydenham in London. It was designed by Sir Joseph Paxton and reconstructed in 1854 from the building used for the Great Hyde Park Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was originally designed as a great educational museum of art, natural history, ethnology, etc. It was composed entirely of glass and iron, and consists of a long and lofty nave intersected at regular distances by three transepts, of which the central was 384 feet long, 120 feet wide, and 168 feet interior height. It lay in about 200 acres of ground excellently laid out for recreation, and possessed many permanent attractions apart from the annual round of concerts , flower shows, pyrotechnical displays etc. Chief among these was the collection of casts of architectural ornaments and sculptures arranged in the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Alhambra, Byzantine, Mediaeval, Renaissance and Italian courts. The Crystal Palace and its grounds cost the Crystal Palace Company 1.5 million pounds, and by 1906 had still hardly paid for themselves. Research Crystal Palace
Lombardic is the style of architecture that prevailed in Lombardy and part of Upper Italy, and which for a long time was recognised as a distinct Lombard style, presenting essential points of difference from the other Later Romanesque styles. In the Lombard churches the type of early Christian architecture was abandoned, and the vaulted basilica was introduced instead, although this system was subjected to several necessary modifications.
Many peculiarities assert themselves in which the vaulted basilicas of Lombardy differ from those of other countries. This occurs particularly in the facades , which have not, as has usually the case, a higher central portion and low side divisions, but which present one mass, terminating in a gable above, under the slopes of which, as well as in the choir and dome, are introduced arcade galleries. The separation into central and side divisions, as marking out the nave and the aisles, is only effected in a way that harmonises but indifferently with the whole by means of pilasters and half-columns. Beside the small arcade galleries below the gable, the whole of the facade is frequently decorated with one or more of these rows of arcades one above another, either continuous or grouped, with pilasterstrips between the groups. The west front is sometimes embellished with a large and elegant rose window, which in fact forms one of the chief beauties of the facades of many of the churches in Italy, which are built in the Later Romanesque style. Research Lombardic Architecture
In architecture, a nave is the central part of a church, so called from a supposed resemblance to a ship. It is the part of the church extending from the transepts to the principal entrances, or, if there are no transepts, from the choir to the principal entrance, but not including the aisles. Research Nave
In architecture the term reredos refers to a number of things: a screen or partition wall behind an altar (altarpiece); the back of a fireplace; the open hearth, upon which fires were lighted, immediately under the louvre, in the centre of ancient halls. For more than 1000 years the episcopal seats and choir stalls were in line with the altar wall; but about the close of the 11th century they were brought forward, and the reredos, or screen, erected between them and the congregation. In the course of time the reredos came to be richly decorated, either with carved niches or with paintings or tapestries. In Spanish churches the reredos is the most decorative feature, often as wide as the nave and reaching to the vaulting of the roof. The materials employed are wood, stone, and alabaster. At Toledo and Seville painting and gilding are added. In Christchurch, Hampshire, is a reredos somewhat resembling the Spanish style. Other richly-decorated and carved examples may be seen in the cathedrals at St Albans, Manchester and Durham. The most famous, however, is that in the church of St Etienne du Mont in Paris, which contains a fabulous carved double stair and balustrading. Research Reredos
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