The dog's tooth violet (Erythronium Americanum), or American adder's tongue is an American plant of the family Liliaceae. It is a beautiful early spring flower of the Lily family found in the eastern USA growing in damp, open woodlands from New Brunswick to Florida, and west as far as Ontario and Arkansas. The flower, which appears in April and May, is a handsome, large, pendulous, lily-like flower with the perianth divisions strongly recurved, bright yellow in colour, often tinged with purple and finely dotted within at the base, and bear six stamens. Research Dog's Tooth Violet
The elk or moose, is a large deer (Alces alces) found in north Europe, Asia and Scandinavia.
The elk has a short compact body, standing about 1.8 metres in height at the shoulders, a thick neck, large clumsy head, and horns which flatten out almost from the base into a broad palmate form with numerous snags. In colour the elk is greyish brown, the limbs, sides of head, and coarse mane being, however, of a lighter hue. Their flesh resembles beef rather than venison. For the most they are inoffensive, and so exceedingly wary that they are approached only with difficulty. In America the Indians are the most skilful moose-hunters. The moose has a wide range in Canada, extending from the ArcticOcean and British Columbia to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia; and it is found also in Maine. It feeds largely on the shoots of trees or shrubs, such as the willow and maple, and on bark, etc. Research Elk
From 1688 on, there was in every American colony a party favourable to the English crown. When the Revolutionary movements began, this party became more active. In no colony was there an overwhelming majority in favour of revolution. In some the majority was unfavourable. The loyalists in New England and the Middle States comprised a large part of the most respectable and eminent men. It is now recognized that a large number of them were patriotic in their resistance to the efforts to overturn the existing government. As the Revolution progressed they were treated. with increasing harshness.
Tories were ostracized, and in some cases tarred and feathered. Acts banishing them and confiscating their property were passed by most of the colonial conventions and legislatures. During the British occupation of New York, Philadelphia and the Southern States, loyalist regiments and more irregular organizations were formed and took part in the war, often with great bitterness. Exasperation against them was so great that at the end of the war most of them felt obliged to go into exile when the British troops withdrew. Thousands from the North went to New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Canada. From the South many went to the Bahamas and West Indies. In the Treaty of 1783 the British endeavoured to have articles inserted which should provide compensation for the dispossessed loyalists, but no more was secured than a promise to recommend the matter to the States. The States refused to do anything in the matter, though subsequently some ameliorations of their hardships were secured. Research American Loyalists
Sir Douglas, Baronet, KCB, was a British soldier. He was born in 1776 and died in 1861. The son of Admiral Sir Charles Douglas. He served in Spain in the Peninsular war, and acquired much reputation by his writings on military subjects, especially by his Treatise on Naval Gunnery in 1819. From 1823 to 1829 he was governor of New Brunswick, and from 1835 to 1840 Lord High-commissioner of the Ionian Islands. He attained the rank of general in 1851. Research Howard Douglas
After the close of the American War of Independence, of the expatriated Tory exiles, exceeding 30,000 in number, many fled to Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, where they formed societies called the United Empire Loyalists. These associations kept burning a bitter hatred toward the Americans, and border disturbances were kept up for a long time. Research United Empire Loyalists
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
Abbreviations
Research British North America Act
