Allegiance (from the Latin alligare, to bind), according to Blackstone, is 'the tie or ligamen which binds the subject to the sovereign in return for that protection which the sovereign affords the subject,' or, generally, the obedience which every subject or citizen owes to the government of his country. It used to be the doctrine of the English law that natural-born subjects owe an allegiance which is intrinsic and perpetual, and which cannot be divested by any act of their own; but since at least the end of the 19th century this was no longer the case. Aliens owe a temporary or local allegiance to the government under which they for the time reside. A usurper in undisturbed possession of the crown is entitled to allegiance; and thus treasons against Henry VI were punished in the reign of Edward IV, though the former had, by act of Parliament, been declared a usurper. Research Allegiance
The Boys Brigade was a semi-military organization started in 1883 by W A Smith of Glasgow with the object of advancing Christianity among boys aged between twelve and seventeen years and promoting habits of obedience, reverence, discipline, self-respect and Christian values among boys. Research Boys Brigade
A confession of faith is a statement of religious beliefs, a kind of elaborate creed. What is most distinctively known by this name is the document prepared by the Assembly of Divines which met at Westminster in obedience to an ordinance of parliament issued on June the 12th, 1643. The whole number of the assembly amounted to 174 members, mostly Puritans, thirty-two being members of parliament. There were also six Scottish commissioners appointed to consult and deliberate, but not to vote. One of the chief results of the deliberations was the framing of the Confession of Faith, which, on the return of the Scottish commissioners, was adopted by the Assembly of the Church of Scotland, on August the 27th, 1647. Research Confession of Faith
Conscription is the enlisting of the inhabitants of a country capable of bearing arms, by a compulsory levy, at the pleasure of the government, being thus distinguished from recruiting, or voluntary enlistment. It was introduced by Napoleon in 1798 by a law which declared that every Frenchman was a soldier, and bound to defend the country when in danger. Excepting in times of danger it provided that the army should be formed by voluntary enrolment or by conscription. The conscription included all Frenchmen from twenty years of age complete to twenty-five years complete. On the restoration of the Bourbons conscription was abolished. It was, however, reenacted, and continued through the Second Empire to form the mode of recruitment in France. A French act, passed in 1872, and other subsequent enactments, affirm the universal liability to conscription upon all males not physically incapacitated, who have completed their twentieth year.
In America conscription was employed by the United States Government and twice by the Confederacy for raising and increasing the armies. The first measure, introduced into Congress in 1814, during the war with Great Britain, was due to a proposal by New York and Virginia of a Federal classification and draft from the State militia. This bill was prepared largely by James Monroe, but was highly unacceptable to the Federalists and proved a failure, though the army was much in need of men. In 1863 a somewhat similar plan was introduced in Congress, but was objected to by the Democrats on the grounds of unconstitutionality and failed. Accordingly on May the 3rd, 1863, another bill passed both Houses, which had no reference to the militia, but called every able-bodied citizen of military age into the Federal service. A commutation of $300 for exemption was permitted, and persons refusing-obedience were treated as deserters. On April the 16th, 1862, and on July the 18th, 1863, the Confederate Congress passed conscription laws levying on all persons between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years. The unpopularity of the conscription caused the draft riots in New York City which lasted from July the 13th to the 16th, 1863, when the city was for four days in the possession of the mob. Research Conscription
Dispensation is the act by which an exception is made to the rigour of the law in favour of some person. The pope may release from all oaths or vows, and may sanction a marriage within the prohibited degrees of the Mosaic law, or exempt from obedience to the disciplinary enactments of the canon law. In England the monarch claimed, in former times, a similar dispensing power in civil law, but the prerogative was so much abused by James II that it was abolished by the Bill of Rights. The power of commuting sentences in capital cases was the only form in which the dispensing power of the crown remained. In ecclesiastical matters a bishop may grant a dispensation allowing a clergyman to hold more than one benefice, or to absent himself from his parish. Research Dispensation
Divine Right was the claim set up by some sovereigns or their supporters to the absolute obedience of subjects as ruling by appointment of God, insomuch that, although they may themselves submit to restrictions on their authority, yet subjects endeavouring to enforce those restrictions by resistance to their sovereign's acts are considered guilty of a sin. This doctrine, so celebrated in English constitutional history, especially in the time of the Stuarts, may now be considered to be exploded. Research Divine Right
The Ignorantines were a religious congregation of the Roman Catholic Church devoted to the gratuitous education of children. The movement was founded about 1683 by the Abbe de La Salle. The statutes of the order, approved by Benedict XIII. in 1725, imposed on its members vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience. In 1789 the order counted 1000 members, and possessed 121 houses. They were forced to quit France, but were recalled by Bonaparte in 1806. They were later to be met with in various countries. In France the law of 1882 banished them from the public schools. Research Ignorantines
Louisiana vs Jumel was an important case before the US Supreme Court, decided in 1882. The plaintiffs, holding bonds issued under the act of the Louisiana Legislature of 1874, known as Act No. 3, demanded payment of these bonds in 1880. Payment was refused in obedience to Article 3 of the Louisiana State Debt Act of 1880, carrying out provisions contained in the new Constitution of that State. This article recited that coupons of consolidated bonds falling due in January, 1880, were remitted. Suit was brought against officers of the State. The CircuitCourt of Louisiana decided for the defendant, and its decision was confirmed by the Supreme Court of the United States on the ground that relief could not be awarded against officers obeying the supreme power of the State; that the money is the State's property, not held in trust by the officers, except in the capacity of her servants. Research Louisiana Vs Jumel
Obedience is the carrying out instructions or commands; submitting to authority.
Obedience became an important topic in social psychology in the 1960s and 1970s as a result of extensive research by American psychologist Stanley Milgram which showed that a high proportion of ordinary individuals would obey instructions that involved inflicting severe pain on, and even the murder of others. Milgram had sought to show that German guards working at concentration camps during the Second World War were responsible for their actions, and that they couldn't use the argument that they were simply following orders. However, his research showed the opposite in a dramatic way. Obeying orders when disobedience results in punishment is understandable (even if not always morally justifiable), but Milgram claimed that many people would willingly obey orders, even if not threatened with punishment.
The subjects in his experiments were required to act as ' teachers' for a 'learner' who, unknown to them, was a confederate of the experimenter. Using a simulated shock generator, they were told to administer electric shocks, of increasing strengths, every time the 'learner' made a mistake. In some experiments as many as 60% of the subjects, when the experimenter told them to continue, administered shocks that they believed would seriously harm or kill the 'learner'. Although distressed by their actions, the subjects felt the experimenter was responsible. Milgram's work has not been accepted uncritically, most of the criticisms being levelled at the ethics of the experiment which led people to believe they had in fact killed an innocent man, although after the experiment they were reassured, but it has generated much discussion and stimulated further research. Research Obedience
Pony girls is a form of adult sexual entertainment role play or fantasy in which women pretend to be a horse or pony (a pet for their master) while their sexual partner pretends to be the horse or pony's master (known as the top). Pony girls are, therefore, a branch of the bondage and domination, the animal training group of sexgames and frequently the sex play involves sado-masochism also.
The pony girl participant (also known as the bottom) takes her role play very seriously. Prancing on her legs, with her arms held close to her sides, the elbows extended forwards, and the wrists allowed to droop, in a fashion not dissimilar to a pony raised on its hind legs and prancing.
Elaborate attire is often employed to enhance the effect. A plume in imitation of the type of plume that is sometimes seen adorning a pony's head may be worn upon the head. Other participants prefer a headdress which includes imitation horse's ears. A fake horse's tail is worn behind, either held by being tucked into a belt or strap around the waist, or sometimes fitted with an anal plug for insertion into the pony girl's anus.
Harness straps, similar to those one might find adorning a real pony or horse are worn around the body, as is a bridle comprising a headstall, bit inserted in the mouth and reins. Sometimes blinkers are also worn, depending upon the preference of the participants. These components provide a sense of bondage and heighten the sexual sensations immensely for both the pony girl and her master. Some pony girls also wear boots in imitation of horse's hooves upon their feet.
Some pony girl games involve humiliation, with the pony girl being the master's pet, or pony slave, being forcibly trained and abused by the master from which both participants derive great sexual excitement.
Pony girl sexgames properly require to be played in the open air. The very nature of a horse demands a field or largish area of open space at least in which to conduct the fantasy. A typical session may include training, in which the pony girl properly attired is attached to a long lead, just like a pony when it is being trained, and trots around the master at some little distance in response to suitable commands such as trot and walk, etc.
Following training, a pony girl may be hitched to a small trap which she is then required to pull while the master sits in the trap and encourages the pony with the use of a whip, again, just like with a real pony. Other participants may attach a horse's saddle to the pony girl, who having adopted a posture on all-fours is then ridden by the master like he would ride a real pony. A variation of this is when the pony is a man and the master is a woman - a dominatrix. In this instance, sometimes the dominatrix, attired perhaps in full riding regalia, will ride upon the pony's shoulders with her feet resting in stirrups suspended by suitable harnesses from the man's shoulders or attached to his wrists which are in turn attached to a harness or belt passing around his waist.
By the very nature of the pony girl fantasy sex game, it is usual for the participants, and the pony in particular, to be in some degree of undress. Often the pony girl will be naked except for the leather straps - usually of black leather studded with silver metal coloured discs, rings and chains - and plumes, or at least with her breasts exposed. If the pony girl has pierced nipples, these nipple rings are frequently attached by chains to the headstall, providing her with further stimulation of the nipples during the fantasy. The feet are sometimes bare, but most often adorned with high-heeled platform shoes or custom ankle boots adorned to represent a horse's hooves. Rarely the pony girl will also wear imitation horses hooves gloves. But most frequently the hands are left natural.
Other participants may dress the pony girl in tight latex, or leather wear. In order to enhance the fantasy costume and attire are very important. The fantasy would be lacking realism if the pony girl wore simply street clothes and had a simple rope for reins. Instead, appropriate bondage wear is utilised to enhance the sexuality of the game. The master also is usually dressed up. Riding wear, such as jodhpurs, a riding hat and boots being popular, or else more common bondage master wear, such as tight latex or leather with high stiletto heeled boots enhancing the degree of menace and authority of the master.
During training the pony girl may choose the level of obedience she wishes to portray. A disobedient pony may be whipped, or shouted at. A well behaved pony girl may be fed a sugar cube as a reward, taking the sugar from the master's hand with just her mouth, just as one might reward a real pony. Appropriate pony-like noises are expressed by the pony girl, such as snorting like a pony which further add realism to the fantasy.
The pony girl fantasy may be played by two or more participants, and is often played by three with a single master and two ponies. Pony boys are a variation in which a man or men play the role of the submissive pony, and the master may be another man or more often a dominant female partner - a dominatrix. Research Pony Girl
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
Abbreviations
Research Allegiance 
