Cologne earth is a kind of ochre, of a deep-brown colour, forming a durable pigment in water-colour painting. It is an earthy variety of lignite or partially fossilized wood. Research Cologne Earth
Ochre is a yellow earth pigment derived from sands and clays around the world. Ochre consists of a mixture of silica, alumina and hydrated iron oxide. Ochre is one of the oldest pigments known to man, and produces a dull brownish-yellow effect which is stable, permanent and fast to light. Research Ochre
Oil gold size is an adhesive used in gilding carved or modelled work, gilding large letters in wood or metal and for large areas where a solid gold background is required. Formerly oil gold size was prepared from linseed oil exposed to the air until it became fatty and then tinted with ochre, driers added and thinned down with polled oil or varnish. Research Oil Gold Size
Red is a colour ranging from pink (purple-red) to orange (yellow-red). Red is traditionally associated with danger, stop, blood, warnings, prohibition. Red can evoke images of blood, and hence of murder, of ghoulishness and of horror. Red is associated with energy, activity, anger, fertility and is associated with the planetMars and with war.
Apple - Almost any shade of red you wish. A purely poetic term, though more usually applied to a pale green.
Auburn - A reddish-brown colour, the colour of an orang-utan's hair. Auburn is usually used to describe the colour of hair.
Burgundy - A dark, purplish-red colour of Burgundywine.
Crimson - A deep rich-red inclining towards purple.
Ruddle - A deep orange-red ochre-based pigment used for marking sheep.
Ruddy - Tinged with red. Reddish. Implying a colour of blood.
Rusty - Reddish-brown or brownish-orange colour of iron oxide (rust). Rusty implies decay, age, weathering.
Rufous - Rust-coloured. Rufous implies more organic than mineral, an animal may be described as being rufous in colour, while a weathered piece of iron is more likely rusty.
Russet - Reddish-brown. Russet is more usually applied to flora, such as apples or potatoes, while rufous may describe an animal and rusty a mineral or metal item.
Rubicund - Tinged with red. Rubicund is used to describe a person's complexion, and implies the appearance that occurs as a result of excessive good living. The ruddy complexion one might achieve from plenty of alcoholconsumption, for example.
Sanguine - A rather archaic term for the red colour of blood, implying blood.
The Brindled Ochre (Dasypolia templi) is a moth of the family Noctuidae with a wing span of between 35 and 40 mm found in the mountains of central and northern Europe and parts of Asia. The moth flies from September, hibernates over winter and then continues flying until May. Research Brindled Ochre
Bronzing is the operation of covering articles with a wash or coating to give them the appearance of bronze. Two kinds are common, the yellow and the red. The yellow is made of fine copper dust, the red of copper dust with a little pulverized red ochre. The fine green tint which bronze acquires by oxidization, called patina antiqua, is imitated by an application of sal-ammoniac and salt of sorrel dissolved in vinegar. Towards the end of the 19th century bronze was deposited on small statues and other articles with good effect by means of the electrotype process. Research Bronzing
Burnt Sienna is the popular name for Terradi Sienna, a brown ferruginousochre used in painting, and obtained from Italy. Before being used as a pigment it is calcined, and hence the name
Burnt Sienna. Research Burnt Sienna
An earth colour is a pigment derived from the earth, as opposed to chemically manufactured pigments. Earth colours include ochre, sienna, umber, red oxide and malachite with further colours developed by calcining the materials to form for example burnt sienna. Earth colours are very stable and permanent. Research Earth Colour
Abbreviations
Research Abraum
