Epigraphy is the study of ancient inscriptions incised on some hard material, such as wood, stone or metal, as distinct from palaeography which is the study of ancient manuscripts written on papyrus, parchment or a similar material. Research Epigraphy
Palaeography is the study of ancient manuscripts written on papyrus, parchment or similar material, as distinct from epigraphy which is the study of ancient inscriptions incised on hard materials such as wood, stone or metal. Research Palaeography
A sandal is a simple, and ancient, form of shoe comprising a stiff sole fitted with straps, thongs or a toe knob. The ancient Egyptians made sandals of papyrus soles attached to their feet with rawhide thongs as early as 3500 BC. Research Sandal
Herculaneum was an ancient city about five miles south-east of Naples. It was completely buried with Pompeii, Stabise, etc, by lava and ashes during an eruption of Vesuvius in the reign of Titus, in 79. The site had been long sought in vain, when in 1713 three statues were found in digging a well at the village of Portici. In 1738 the well was dug deeper, and traces of buildings were found. The theatre was then discovered, but though the excavations were continued for many years successive excavations were immediately filled up with rubbish from new digging. A number of public buildings and private dwellings were laid bare, and many objects of great value discovered, such as statues, busts, beautiful mosaics, wall paintings, charred papyrus manuscripts, etc. One of the houses discovered contained a quantity of provisions, consisting of fruits, corn, oil, pease, lentils, pies, and hams. Few skeletons have been found either in Pompeii or Herculaneum, so that it is probable most of the inhabitants had time to save themselves by flight. Among the most interesting objects discovered here were the papyri, over 1750 of which are in the NaplesMuseum.