Adam De La Halle (Adam le Bossu) was a French trouvere. He was born in 1237 at Arras and died in 1287. He was a member of the retinue of Charles of Anjou, later King Charles II of Naples. His prosedrama, Le jeu de la feuillee (The Play of the Greensward), a satirical fantasy, is commonly considered the earliest comedy in French. His musical play Le jeu de Robin et Marion (The Play of Robin and Marion), a pastoralcomedy to his own music and text, is regarded as a precursor of comic opera. He also composed motets and polyphonic songs. Research Adam De La Halle
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina was an Italian composer. He was born in 1524 at Palestrina and died in 1594. He took his name from the town where he was born and studied in Rome around 1540 before returning to Palestrina where he became canon and organist from 1544 until 1551 when he was made master of music at the Vatican. In 1555 he lost his post at the Vatican but took a post at St John Lateran. In 1571 he returned to the Vatican and remained there until his death. He was famous for his polyphonic music, and composed Masses and some madrigals. Research Palestrina
The Lobster 320 is a budget priced dual band flip mobile phone featuring a 0.3 megapixel digital camera and polyphonic ringtones for personalisation. Intended as a fairly simple, budget mobile phone the Lobster 320 also includes an alarm, calendar and calculator facility along side the inevitable games. Research Lobster 320
The Nokia 1600 is a basic, non-nosense mobile phone for people who want a mobile phone for making and receiving calls and perhaps text messages. The Nokia 1600 features a 65,000 colour screen, MP3 and polyphonic ring tones for customisation. The Nokia 1600 includes a calendar, alarm and games, but is primarily a no-frills mobile telephone. Research Nokia 1600
In music, counterpoint is the simultaneous combination of two or more melodies. Although counterpoint is nearly synonymous with polyphony (a musical texture containing two or more melodies simultaneously), the two words differ slightly in common usage. Polyphony refers to textures in general (polyphonicversushomophonic) and to early music (medieval polyphony), whereas counterpoint commonly refers to texture in later music (Johann Sebastian Bach's counterpoint) or to the techniques of composing polyphony (16th century. counterpoint) .
One familiar instance of counterpoint is the round, a simple kind of canon. In a round each part (or voice) has the same melody, but the second and succeeding parts begin one after another, as in 'Row, Row, Row Your Boat.' In a homophonic texture, which has a melody with choralaccompaniment, the listener focuses on the melody in the highest voice; in a round, the listener follows the melodic activity from one voice to another. Research Counterpoint
A fugue is a polyphonic musical composition, developed from a given theme or themes, according to strict contrapuntal rules. The theme is first given out by one voice or part, and then, while that pursues its way, it is repeated by another at the interval of a fifth or fourth, and so on, until all the parts have answered one by one, continuing their several melodies and interweaving them in one complex progressive whole, in which the theme is often lost and reappears. Research Fugue
In music, the term homophonic is used to describe a plain harmony, note against note, as opposed to a polyphonic harmony, in which the several parts move independently, each with its own melody. Research Homophonic
In music, imitation is one of the principal means of securing unity and consistency in polyphonic composition by means of the repetition of essentially the same melodic theme, phrase, or motive, on different degrees of pitch, by one or more of the other parts of voices.
In music the term monodic is applied to music in which the melody is confined to one part, instead of being shared by all the parts as in the style called polyphonic. Research Monodic
In music, polyphonic means consisting of several tone series, or melodic parts, progressing simultaneously according to the laws of counterpoint. Research Polyphonic
The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
Abbreviations
Research Adam De La Halle
