Emiliano Zapata was a Mexican revolutionary. He was born in 1877 and died in 1919. He championed the cause of land reform against the president Porfirio Diaz and succeeding governments. By late 1911 he controlled the state of Morelos, where he chased out the estate owners and divided their land amongst the peasants. In 1919 he was assassinated by Jesus Guajardo acting under orders from General Pablo Gonzalez. Research Emiliano Zapata
Francisco Indalecio Madero was a Mexican statesman. He was born in 1873 and died in 1913. He led the revolutionary movement that overthrew Porfirio Diaz in 1911, and he became president of the Republic. In 1913 he and his vice-president were assassinated by followers of Victoriano Huerta. Research Francisco Madero
Pancho Francisco Villa (real name Doroteo Arango) was a Mexican revolutionary. he was born in 1878 and died in 1923. At sixteen he killed a man for molesting his sister, changed his name to Francisco Villa fled to the mountains and lived as a bandit, cattle-rustler and sometimes labourer. In 1910, while working as a labourer he was persuaded to join the Madero revolution against President Porfirio Diaz. Following the revolution's success, Villa stayed in the irregular army, being court-martialled for insubordination in 1912, imprisoned and subsequently escaping and fleeing to the USA, only to return to Mexico in 1913 following the assassination of Francisco Madero, joining Venustiano Carranza against Huerta, his cavalry achieving fame. Villa returned to being a bandit following Carranza's victory, wanting power for himself, and in 1920 when Carranza was overthrown made peace with the new government and accepted a large ranch in return for giving up politics. He was assassinated in Parral, Chihuahua in 1923. Research Pancho Villa
Plutarco Elias Calles was a Mexican politician. He was born in 1877 at Guaymas, Sonora and died in 1945. He took part in the 1910 revolution against Porfirio Diaz and in 1917 became Governor of Sonora until 1919. Secretary of the Interior from 1920 to 1924 he became President of Mexico in 1924 until in 1928 he retired to become a landowner. In 1929 he founded the National Revolutionary Party, through he which he controlled subsequent Mexican presidents until he was exiled to the USA in 1936, being allowed to return in 1941. Research Plutarco Calles
Abbreviations
Research Emiliano Zapata
