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A nursery school or kindergarten is an educational establishment for children aged three to five. The first was established in Germany in 1836 by Friedrich Froebel. Provision of nursery education varies widely between countries. In the UK, fewer than half of three and four-year olds have nursery education. In France, all children attend a state-run ecole maternelle from the age of three. In Japan, education is compulsory only from the age of six, but 90% of children attend a private nursery school from the age of three. The first kindergarten in Britain was opened by a German exile, Johannes Ronge, in Hampstead, London, in 1851, based on the philosophy of Froebel. Nursery education was extended in 1911 to working- class children by Margaret McMillan and her sister Rachel, who worked in London's docklands. The Education Act of 1944 did not make nursery school compulsory. Increasing parental pressure from the 1960s led to a slow expansion, although at the end of the 1980s the UK still lagged behind most European countries in the provision of nursery-school places. Although 45% of three-and four-year-olds were in education in 1992, only half of these were in genuine nursery classes or schools; the rest were in primary classes.
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Willem van Aelst was a Dutch painter of lavish flower pieces and still lifes. He was born in 1625 and died in 1683. He was a pupil of his uncle Evert van Aelst. He worked in Paris, Florence, and Rome where he was court painter to Ferdinando de Medici, the Grand Duke of Tuscany, before settling in Amsterdam in 1657. His pupils included Rachel Ruysch.
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Lynn Rachel Redgrave is a British actress. She was born in 1943 at London.
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Naomi Watts is an English-born Australian actress and film producer. She was born in1968 at Shoreham, Kent. After appearing in the soap-opera 'Home and Away' in 1991 playing 'Julie Gibson' she went on to star as Rachel Keller in the 2002 film The Ring.
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Rachel Bilson is an American actress. She was born in 1981 at Los Angeles, California.
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Rachel Blakely is a Borneo-born Australian actress and former model. She was born in 1968. She first became known playong the role of 'Gaby Willis' from 1991 to 1994 in the soap-opera 'Neighbours'.
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Rachel Blanchard is a Canadian actress. She was born in 1976 at Toronto, Ontario.
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Rachel Boston is an American actress. She was born in 1982 at Signal Mountain, Tennessee
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Rachel Cannon is an American actress.
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Rachel Grant (real name Rachel Louise Grant de Longueuil) is a Philippino-born English actress. She was born in 1977 at Luzon. She is best known for her role as 'Professor Myang Li' in the television series 'Brainiac'.
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The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
©1993 - 2009 The Probert Encyclopaedia
Southampton, United Kingdom
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