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The Armoured Ramp Carrier (ARK) was a British bridging tank based on a Churchill Tank with the turret removed, and timbered trackways across the top. The ARK was driven into position and two folding ramps lowered providing a bridge for other vehicles. The ARK was unarmed, manned by a crew of four and powered by a Bedford twin-six petrol engine giving a top speed of 20 kmh.
 Research ARK
The LVT 4 was an American amphibious armoured personnel carrier of the Second World War developed from the LVT 2, and improved with an added ramp to allow the transportation of jeeps and artillery in addition to soldiers.
Research LVT 4
The Fusil Mas36 is a French bolt-action rifle introduced in 1936. It takes a 7.5 mm M29 round from a 5-round integral magazine. It has a muzzle velocity of 823 meters-per-second and is sighted to 1200 metres. The Mas36 has a 574 mm long barrel and is fitted with a hooded barleycorn foresight and an aperture and ramp rearsight and has an effective range of 500 metres. A short-barrel, folding stock carbine model, the Mas36 CR39 was also produced with a 450 mm long barrel and an effective range of 450 metres.
Research Mas36
The New Nambu Revolver Model 60 is a Japanese manual revolver issued to the Japanese police force since 1961. The New Nambu Revolver Model 60 is a manual revolver operating in single-action and double-action modes. It takes a .38 Special cartridge from a 5-chamber cylinder, has a 77 mm long barrel and is fitted with a fixed half-tapered serrated ramp foresight and a square notch rearsight. The New Nambu Revolver Model 60 has an effective range of 40 metres and a arte of fire of 15 rounds per minute.
Research New Nambu Revolver Model 60
The SS10 anti-tank weapon system was a French infantry anti-tank weapon used by the Isreali army in their conflict with Egypt in 1956. The SS10 consisted of a two-stage solid propellant rocket motor armed with a high-explosive warhead containg 5.5 kg of explosive charge. The SS10 was launched from a simple ramp launcher and manually tracked to its target over a range of 1500 metres.
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The SS11 is a French wire guided infantry anti-tank system comprising a wire-guided missile launched from either a vehicle or a ramp, and has also been installed in helicopters. The SS11 has a 1210 mm long two stage solid propellant rocket which flies at a cruising speed of 155 metres per second and has a minimum range of 350 metres and a maximum range of 3000 metres and can penetrate more than 550 mm of armour.
Research SS11
The Meteor PX was an Italian radio-controlled, recoverable, target drone of the 1960's designed for zero-length launching from a tubular metal ramp. The Meteor PX was powered by a McCulloch O-100-1 four-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 360 kmh and a radius of 160 km and an endurance of one hour flying time.
Research Meteor PX
The RAE Skylark was a British ramp-launched, high-altitude research rocket developed by the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough before being later sub-contracted to private industry. The Skylark was initially a single-stage, later a two-stage, solid-propellant rocket designed to carry a payload of between 45 and 68 kg to a height of 153 km, with performance being improved over the years of development.
Research RAE Skylark
The V-22 Osprey is an American joint service, medium lift, multi-mission tilt-rotor aircraft developed by Boeing and Bell Helicopters. The V-22 Osprey is powered by two Allison T406-AD-400 turboshafts which allow for vertical and short take-off and landing (V/STOL) with 24 combat equipped troops, dual-hook external loads up to 15000 lbs, cruise speeds in excess of 582 kmh, and a mission radius exceeding 200 nautical miles. The helicopter is self-deployable world wide with a ferry range over 3892 km. The normal operating range is up to 2224 km. The aircraft operates as a helicopter when taking off and landing vertically. The nacelles rotate 90 degrees forward once airborne, converting the aircraft into a turboprop aircraft. The aircraft can provide VTOL with a payload of 24 troops, or 6000 lbs of cargo at 430 nautical miles combat range, or VTOL with a payload of 8300 lbs of cargo for a range of 220 nautical miles.
The tilt-rotor aircraft is available in three configurations for the US Joint Services Operational Requirements: the Combat Assault and Assault Support MV-22
for the US Marine Corps and the US Army, the long range Special Operations CV-22 for US Special Operations Command (US SOCOM) and the US Navy HV-22, for combat search and rescue, special warfare and fleet logistic support. The main cabin which measures 6 x 6 x 24 ft, is fitted with crash-resistant foldaway seats, arranged twelve on each side and inward facing, for 24 fully equipped troops. For the medical evacuation role the cabin can accommodate 12 litters (stretcher patients) and a team of medical officers. The cargo handling equipment includes a cargo winch and pulley rated at 2,000 lbs. Roller rails and shock absorbing cargo tie down rings are fitted on the cabin floor. The main door is on the right of the fuselage immediately behind the cockpit and a rear loading ramp door at the back of the fuselage is operated hydraulically with actuators.
Research V-22 Osprey
The Aleksandr Nikolaev is a Russian Ivan Rogov Class Large Landing Ship providing sea-lift and landing of troops and equipment on the coast of enemy occupied territory. Military material is landed via a bow ramp and also via assault boats through the doors of the flooded well. The tank deck covers an area 54 metres by 12.3 metres to provide 660 square metres of floor area for the transportation of material and is accessed via the bow ramp. The docking bay, with doors at the stern of the ship, can be flooded for amphibious operations using small landing craft. The docking bay measures 67.5 metres by 12.3 metres. The ship has the capacity for the military lift of one battalion of 520 marines and 25 tanks. If no landing craft are carried then the additional space in the docking bay allows a total of 53 tanks or 80 armoured personnel carriers to be transported.
The ship has two air defence missile systems, the OSA-M (Gecko) Air Defence Missile System and the Strela-3M (Grail) portable air defence missile system. The OSA-M is installed at the aft of the superstructure to provide defence against anti-ship missiles, aircraft and surface targets. The system features a double launcher, a control system, a reloading system and the air defence missile. The ship carries 20 missiles. The range is up to 10 kilometres and the reaction time is up to 20 seconds. The system uses semi-active radar homing. The ship is equipped with two close range portable air defence missile systems, Strela-3M, each system having a quadruple launcher. The ship has a 75 mm AK-726 multi-purpose gun, with 1000 rounds of ammunition. The AK-726, provides defence against air, sea and coastal targets. The maximum firing range is 15.7 kilometres and the gun is capable of firing up to 100 rounds per minute. The range of ammunition which can be fired includes contact and proximity rounds and practice and discharge rounds. The gun incorporates two barrels in one cradle. Laying of the gun mount and the fire control can be carried out in automatic mode using the fire control radar system, in semi-automatic mode using the Prizma optical sighting device mounted on the turret or in manual mode using the gunner's sights. The ship is armed with four 30 mm AK-630 air defence guns. The AK-630 is for engaging airborne threats, small sea targets, floating mines and light armoured coastal targets. The ship has a 122 mm rocket launcher, Grad-M with 320 rockets.
The ship accommodates four helicopters. Landing parties can be air lifted by helicopter. The helicopter hangar is located within the superstructure. Helicopters can be brought out of the hangar through two exit doors, one leading to the helicopter landing pad forward of the superstructure and the other to the second landing pad behind the superstructure. Both landing pads are equipped with helicopter refuelling and replenishment stations. The ship's helicopters are the Kamov Ka-27 or Ka-29. The KA-27 (Helix) is a naval anti-submarine helicopter, and the KA-29 is the combat transport version. The helicopters are equipped with emergency flotation ballonets. The helicopter has the capacity to ferry 16 fully equipped and was armed troops. For cargo carrying, the helicopter can carry two tons in the cabin plus four tons on a sling. In the medical evacuation role the helicopter can carry four stretcher patients and seven seated patients with one medical officer.
The ship's propulsion is provided by two gas turbine engines, each rated at 18,000 horsepower. There are two shafts driving two fixed pitch propellers. The ship has two retractable thrusters for manoeuvring and position keeping. The range at the maximum speed of 19 knots is 6,000 miles. At a speed of 14 knots the range is increased to 7,500 miles.
Research Aleksandr Nikolaev
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The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
©1993 - 2009 The Probert Encyclopaedia
Southampton, United Kingdom
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