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The American Cream (or Albino Horse) is an American breed of light horse developed in Nebraska in 1937 by Caleb Thompson and Hudson Thompson from an Arab/Morgan stallion and a herd of Morgan mares. The American Cream is a breed of horse characterised apart from its white colour by its excellent learning and training ability. The American Cream stands 15 hands high, has a white coat and mane, blue eyes and a pink skin.
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The Carthusian is a Spanish breed of horse now comprising a side-branch of the Andalusian breed, but originated around the early part of the 18th century from a stallion called Esclavo. The Carthusian stands between 15 and 16 hands high and is mostly grey, but also chestnut or black in colour and is a kind and lively breed.
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The Cleveland Bay is an indigenous British breed of riding horse dating back to the Middle Ages when they originated in the Cleveland district of Yorkshire from the Chapman Horse. The Cleveland Bay stands 16.2 hands high and is bay with black points in colour. By the 1960s the breed had almost died out, but intervention by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II who purchased a stallion for breeding has resulted in the breed's continuation.
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The Darley Arabians were a breed of successful English race horses produced from an Arab stallion introduced by a Mr Darley.
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The Hackney Pony (formerly known as the Wilson Pony) is an English breed of pony developed by Christopher Wilson during the 19th century from a stallion which was a Norfolk Roadster and Yorkshire Trotter cross mated with Fell Pony mares. The Hackney Pony stands 12 to 14 hands high, is black, bay, chestnut or brown coloured and has outstanding trotting abilities, with a highly exaggerated gait.
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A Hinny is a hybrid, the product of a stallion mating with a she-ass. It is smaller and weaker than the mule.
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The Hispano or Spanish Anglo-Arab is a Spanish breed of fast, agile, courageous horse used for working with bulls, in and out of the bull-ring. The Hispano was developed from a cross of Arab and Andalusian mares with an English Thoroughbred stallion. The Hispano stands between 14.3 and 16 hands high and is bay, grey or chestnut in colour.
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The horse (Equus caballus) is a hoofed, odd toed grass eating mammal of the family Equidae subdivision Perissodactyla (odd-toed); characterized by an undivided hoof formed by the third toe and its enlarged horny nail, a simple stomach, a mane on the neck, and by six incisor teeth in each jaw, seven molars on either side of both jaws, and by two small canine teeth in the upper jaw of the male, rarely in the female.
There are a number of varieties of horse, popularly known as breeds. The adult male horse is called a stallion, the adult female a mare. A stallion used for breeding is known as a stud. A castrated stallion is popularly called a gelding. A young horse is called a foal, with a male foal being called a colt and a female foal being called a filly.
Horses are among the best adapted of the 'flight' mammals. They have very large eyes capable of seeing in two directions at once, ears which can rotate through 180 degrees and judge distance to a perceived sound, and can reach a speed of 30 mph from a standing still position in less than one second. The horse has a very large heart and enormous lungs powering very large rear leg muscles which allow it to run very fast to escape danger. The horse's long head allows it to graze and see over the top of the grass at the same time, keeping watch for approaching danger. The horse's tail is used as a rudder to help with stearing when running fast, and also as a fly-whisk to whip away flies and other irritations.
When bored or agitated, horses' paw the ground with their rear leags. Stallions fight with their front legs and also bite, trying to ham string their opponent. When a horse wants to harm an opponent, or person, they use their front legs. The rear legs may be used to brush away irritations, and while powerful and dangerous are not used with the intention of causing real harm. War horses, used by mounted soldiers in the Mediaeval period, were trained to attack the enemy and would bite the face off foot soldiers who got close.
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The Lundy is a recent breed of English pony established on the island of Lundy from New Forest pony mares and an Arab stallion. The Lundy stands 13 hands high, is generally good natured but spirited, and occurs mostly in dun, roan, bay, palomino or liver chestnut colours.
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The Morgan horse is a breed of American riding and driving show horse developed in the 1780s from a single stallion named Justin Morgan after his owner. They are marked by high, curved necks and high stepping action. The breed is valued for its strength, endurance, and speed, and are used to breed with other breeds to improve them. The Morgan Horse stands between 14.2 and 15.2 hands high and occurs in any solid colour.
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The Probert Encyclopaedia was designed, edited and programed by
Matt and Leela Probert
©1993 - 2009 The Probert Encyclopaedia
Southampton, United Kingdom
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