The Tachihi R-53 was a Japanese two-seater tandem open cockpit trainer aircraft developed in 1952 immediately following the Japanese Air Law was enacted allowing the manufacture of aircraft in Japan. The Tachihi R-53 was the first aircraft to be built entirely of Japanese materials and powered by a Japanese engine since the Second World War, though the subsequent production model used a foreign engine. The Tachihi R-53 was a high-wing strut-braced monoplane of fabric-covered steel-tube construction powered by a Blackburn Cirrus Major four-cylinder in-line inverted air-cooled engine providing a top speed of 208 kmh and a range of 750 km. Research Tachihi R-53
 
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