Decimation is the aelection of the tenth man of a corps of soldiers by lot for punishment, practised by the Romans. Sometimes every tenth man was executed; sometimes only one man of each company, the tenth in order. The term was later applied to the exaction or payment of a tithe or tax of one-tenth, particularly to the the tax imposed by Oliver Cromwell on Royalists in 1655. The term is now frequently used in a loose way for the destruction of a great but indefinite proportion of people, as of an army or inhabitants of a country. Research Decimation
Tithe maps, were produced in Britain for the majority of places as a result of an Act passed in 1836 to convert into money rents the payments formerly made by landholders in kind to the Church authorities. A large scale plan showed each individual titheable plot (omitting those which were exempted), numbered to correspond with entries in an Apportionment or register which stated the owner and occupier of the land, the area and the current land use. Copies of Enclosure and Tithe Awards were deposited in each parish, usually in the parishchest kept in church or vicarage, with duplicates in the office of an official known as the Clerk of the Peace. Research Tithe Maps
William Carleton was an Irish novelist. He was born in 1794 at Prillisk and died in 1869. His education commenced at a hedge-school, and terminated with two years' training in an academy kept by a relation, a priest, at Glasslough. Thence he went to Dublin to try his fortune in the walks of literature. There, in 1830 to 1832, were published his Traits and Stories of the Irish Peasantry. Among his other publications are: Fardorougha, the Miser; The Misfortunes of Barney Branagan; Valentine M'Clutchy; The Black Prophet; The TitheProctor; WilleyReilly; and the Evil Eye; this last novel appearing in 1860. He enjoyed a government allowance of 200 pounds per annum several years before his death. Research William Carleton
Bagimont's Roll was a rent-roll of Scotland, made up in 1275 by Baiamund or Boiamond de Vicci, vulgarly called Bagimont, who was sent from Rome by the pope, in the reign of Alexander III, to collect the tithe of all the church livings in Scotland for an expedition to the Holy Land. It remained the statutory valuation, according to which the benefices were taxed, until the Reformation. A copy of it as it existed in the reign of James V is in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh. Research Bagimont's Roll
Originally a tithe was the tenth part of an income payable for the maintenance of the parish priest. The practice was commanded by Moses, but it seems not to have been continued by Christians of the Apostolic Age. In Great Britain the earliest record of tithes seems to be that of Bede. In 750 Egbert, archbishop of York, directed his clergy to teach their people to pay tithes. Tithes were of three kinds: predial tithes, the produce of the soil; personal tithes, the profits of handicraft or merchandise; and mixed tithes, often included in predial tithes, the produce of animals, including butter and eggs.
Where the income from tithes was more than sufficient for local needs, the tithes were often impropriated to cathedrals and monasteries. The greater tithes impropriated to monasteries often found their way into secular hands, as shown by the existence today of lay vicars and rectors. With the rise of Nonconformity in the 18th and 19th centuries there arose an agitation against the payment of tithes, and, refusing to pay, many persons were imprisoned.
By the Tithe Commutation Act of 1836, and subsequent amending Acts, tithes were commuted to an annual tithe rent charge. The par value of the tithes was fixed according to their amount at the time, and on the assumption that a certain number of bushels of corn were worth 100 pounds. But the real value was to vary each year, according to the average price of corn during the preceding seven years, and this was periodically determined by rather involved tables. The agricultural depression of the 19th century reduced the amount of the tithe rent, and in many years it fell much below 100 pounds. In 1911 it was 71 pounds 4 shillings 1.75 pennies, but after that year it rose steadily, until in 1917 it was 92 pounds 1 shilling and 0.75 pennies. The changes in price occasioned by the Great War led to the introduction in 1918 of a bill which fixed the tithe rent charge at 109 pounds and 3 shillings and 0.75 pennies for the seven years ending January the 1st 1926. Tithe rent charge may be redeemed by arrangement with the board of agriculture on payment of 25 years' purchase. In 1920 471,094 pounds was paid to the ecclesiastical authorities for the redemption of tithe. Tithes in Great Britain were terminated by the Finance Act 1977. Research Tithe
TA is an abbreviation for Teaching Assistant
TA is an abbreviation for Terrain Avoidance
TA is an abbreviation for Type Approved
TA is an abbreviation for Telegraphic Address
TA is an abbreviation for Territorial Army
TA is an abbreviation for Typographical Association
TA is an abbreviation for TitheAnnuity
TA is an abbreviation for Transactional Analysis
Ta is an abbreviation for Tantalum Research TA
Abbreviations
Research Decimation
