The upholders or upholsters is a London city livery company. Granted arms in 1465 and admitted later to the Skinners' fraternity, it wag given a charter in 1626. Upholders seem at first to have been engaged in the peltry trade, then to have been fripperers or dealers in second-hand clothes, furniture, warehousemen, furniture dealers, pawnbrokers, and undertakers. Research Upholders
Oliver Goldsmith was an Anglo-Irish journalist, essayist, novelist, dramatist and poet. He was born in 1728 at Pallas, county LongfordIreland and died in 1774. Among his more famous works are 'The Vicar of Wakefield' and ' The Deserted Village'. His father, a clergyman of the Established Church, held the living of Kilkenny West. In 1745 he was entered as a sizar at Trinity College, Dublin. In 1749, shortly after his father's death, he left Dublin with the degree of Bachelor, and was advised by an uncle, who had already borne a large part of the expenses of his education, to prepare for holy orders. Rejected for holy orders he became tutor in a family, but soon lost his situation on account of a dispute with the master of the house over a game at cards.
The same uncle who had given him assistance before now gave him 50 pounds to go to Dublin to study law, but he had scarcely arrived at the city when he lost the whole sum in gambling. In spite of his repeated imprudences he was once more succoured by his uncle, who supplied him with means to go to Edinburgh to study medicine. Here he remained eighteen months, during which he acquired some slight knowledge of chemistry and natural history. At the end of this period he removed to Leyden, again at the expense of his uncle; and afterwards wandered over a large part of France, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. It was probably at Padua that he took a medical degree, as he remained there six months; but his uncle dying while he was in Italy he wag obliged to travel on foot to England, and reached London in 1756 with a few pence in his pocket. After some years of hard experience as a chemist's assistant, medical practitioner, proof-reader, and school usher, he drifted into literature. He conducted a department in the Monthly Review, wrote essays in the Public Ledger (afterwards published under the title of the Citizen of the World), and a weekly pamphlet, entitled the Bee. In 1761 he was introduced to Dr. Johnson.
In 1764 he appeared as a poet by the publication of his Traveller. In 1766 appeared his Vicar of Wakefield, which at once secured merited applause. In 1768 his comedy of the Good-natured Man was acted at Covent-Gardenwith but indifferent success. His poetical fame was greatly enhanced by the publication of his The Deserted Village in 1770. In 1773 he produced his comedy of She Stoops to Conquer, which was completely successful. He also compiled histories of England, Greece, and Rome; and a History of the Earth and Animated Nature, a pleasing work, but one of no scientific value. His last days were embittered by the pressure of debt, incurred partly by his improvidence and partly by his generosity. The manners of Oliver Goldsmith were eccentric, even to absurdity. Research Oliver Goldsmith
All bodies on the earth, by virtue of the attraction of gravitation, tend to the centre of the earth. A ball held in the hand presses downward; if dropped, it descends perpendicularly; if placed on an inclined plane, it rolls down, in doing which it presses the plane with a part of its weight. In the air bodies fall with unequal velocities, a piece of paper, for instance, more slowly than a ball of lead; and it was formerly thought that the velocity of the fall of bodies was in proportion to their weight.
This error was attacked by Galileo, who, experimenting with balls of different substances which he dropped from the tower of Pisa, was led to the conclusion that the resistance of the air acting on different extents of surface was the cause of the unequal velocities, and that in a vacuum all bodies would fall with the same velocity. The truth of this last proposition wag first demonstrated by Isaac Newton in his celebrated 'guinea-and-feather' experiment, where a guinea and feather are shown to fall side by side in the vacuum of the air-pump. This experiment proves that the force of gravitation in bodies is proportional to their inertia, that is to their mass. The laws of falling bodies, that is of bodies falling freely in a straight line and through a distance short in comparison with the earth's centre, are the following:
1. When a body falls from rest it acquires velocity at the rate of about 32.2 feet per second. This number, which represents the acceleration due to the force of gravity, varies slightly with the locality, increasing from the equator to the poles, and diminishing as we recede from the centre of the earth. At the end of five seconds, therefore, the body would be found to be moving at the rate of 5 x 32.2, that is 161 feet per second.
2. The space fallen through in the first second is half of 32.2, that is 16.1 feet; and the space fallen through in any given time is found by multiplying the square of the number of seconds by 16.1. Thus, in three seconds a body falls 9 x 16.1 feet, or 144.9 feet.
3. The square of the velocity acquired by falling through any number of feet is found by multiplying twice that number by 32.2. Thus if a body falls 9 feet, the square of the velocity acquired is 2 x 32 x 9, or 576 feet per second, 32 being used instead of 32.2; and taking the square root of 576, we find that a velocity of 24 feet is acquired in a fall of 9 feet.
4. When a body is projected vertically upward with a given velocity, it continues to rise during a number of seconds found by dividing the number that expresses the velocity of projection by 32.2; and it rises to a height found by dividing the square of that number by 2 x 32.2, or 64.4. Research Fall of Bodies
WAG is an abbreviation for Writers' Action Group
WAG is an abbreviation for Writers and Authors Guild
WAG is an abbreviation for Women's Action Group
WAG is an abbreviation for Gambia Research WAG
Abbreviations
Research Upholders 
