Zionism is a political movement advocating the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, the 'promised land' of the Bible, with its capital Jerusalem, the 'city of Zion'. The movement commenced in 1896 when, as a response to European anti-Semitism, Theodor Herzl published his 'Jewish State', outlining a scheme for setting up an autonomous Jewish commonwealth under Ottoman suzerainty. Research Zionism
Sir Mark Sykes was a British soldier, explorer and politician. He was born in 1879 and died in 1919. Educated at Brussels and Jesus College, Cambridge, he served in the South African War and from 1905 until 1907 was honourable attache at the British embassy at Constantinople (Istanbul) during which time he travelled Asiatic Turkey and mapped north-west Mesopotamia.
During the Great War he raised a battalion of the Yorkshire Regiment, and acted as special emissary to Petrograd and the Caucasus, and later Mesopotamia. He was member of parliament for Central Hull from 1911 until 1919, and was an enthusiastic supporter of Zionism. Research Mark Sykes
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